The effects of daily intake timing of almond on the body composition and blood lipid profile of healthy adults

Yanan Liu, Hyo-Jeong Hwang, Hyesook Ryu, You-Suk Lee, Hyun-Sook Kim, Hyunjin Park, Yanan Liu, Hyo-Jeong Hwang, Hyesook Ryu, You-Suk Lee, Hyun-Sook Kim, Hyunjin Park

Abstract

Background/objectives: Timing of almond intake during a day may result differently in the perspectives of body composition and changes of lipid profile. The current study was conducted to compare the effects of daily almond intake as a preload versus as a snack on body composition, blood lipid profile, and oxidative and inflammation indicators among young Korean adults aged 20-39 years old.

Subjects/methods: Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: a pre-meal almond group (PM), a snack almond group (SN) in which participants were instructed to consume 56 g of almonds either as a preload before meals or as a snack between meals, respectively, and a control group (CL) in which participants were provided high-carbohydrate iso-caloric control food. Measurements were performed at baseline, weeks 8 and 16.

Results: A total of 169 (M 77/F 92) out of the 227 participants completed the study between June 2014 and June 2015 (n = 58 for PM; 55 for SN; and 56 for CL). A significant decrease in body fat mass was observed in the PM group at both weeks 8 and 16 compared with the CL. There were significant intervention effects on changes of body fat mass (P = 0.025), body fat percentages (P = 0.019), and visceral fat levels (P < 0.001). Consuming almonds as a daily snack reduced the levels of total cholesterol (P = 0.043) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol (P = 0.011) without changing high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol compared with the CL.

Conclusion: Almond consumption as a preload modified body fat percentages, whereas snacking on almonds between meals improved blood lipid profiles. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov as NCT03014531.

Keywords: Almonds; body composition; snacking.

Conflict of interest statement

CONFLICT OF INTEREST: The authors declare no potential conflicts of interests.

Figures

Fig. 1. Flow chart of the study.…
Fig. 1. Flow chart of the study. PM, pre-meal almond group; SN, snack almond group; CL, control group.

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Source: PubMed

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