Growth hormone alleviates oxidative stress and improves oocyte quality in Chinese women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a randomized controlled trial

Yan Gong, Shan Luo, Ping Fan, Song Jin, Huili Zhu, Tang Deng, Yi Quan, Wei Huang, Yan Gong, Shan Luo, Ping Fan, Song Jin, Huili Zhu, Tang Deng, Yi Quan, Wei Huang

Abstract

Oxidative stress (OS) is associated with poor oocyte quality and in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) outcomes for patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Growth hormone (GH) can function to reduce OS in some types of cells. Therefore, this prospective randomized study investigated whether GH can significantly improve OS and oocyte quality in women with PCOS. This study enrolled 109 and 50 patients with and without PCOS (controls), respectively. The patients with PCOS were randomly assigned to receive treatment with GH (PCOS-T) or not (PCOS-C). The primary outcome included markers of OS in serum and FF, and secondary outcomes were mitochondrial function in granulosa cells (GCs) and IVF-ET outcomes. The PCOS groups showed higher basal serum total oxidant status (TOS) and OS index (OSI) levels. The follicle fluid (FF) TOS and OSI and GC apoptosis rate were significantly higher, whereas the GC mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was significantly lower in the PCOS-C group than in the PCOS-T and non-PCOS control groups (P < 0.05). Significantly more oocytes were fertilised and cleavage stage embryos were produced in the PCOS-T group than in the PCOS-C group (P < 0.05). GH also improved the rates of implantation and clinical pregnancy, but not significantly (P > 0.05). This study showed that GH alleviated the TOS and OSI level in FF and improved GC mitochondrial dysfunction and oocyte quality in patients with PCOS.Clinical Trial Registration Number: This project was prospectively registered on the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry on October 20, 2018. (ChiCTR1800019437) ( https://www.chictr.org.cn/edit.aspx?pid=28663&htm=4 ).

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of this randomized controlled trial. Progression from recruitment to completion.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flow cytometric dot plots of effects of GH on mitochondrial function in granulosa cells. (a, c) The MMP in GCs was lower in the PCOS-C group than in the non-PCOS control group, as shown by reduced JC-1 aggregates red fluorescence. The MMP was greater in the PCOS-T group than in the PCOS-C group (P < 0.05). (b, d) The numbers of early and late apoptotic cells were increased in the PCOS-C group compared with those in the non-PCOS and PCOS-T groups (P < 0.05). GH growth hormone, MMP mitochondrial membrane potential, PCOS polycystic ovary syndrome, PI propidium iodide, FITC fluorescein isothiocyanate. *P < 0.05 denotes statistical significance between groups.

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