Malaria on the Guiana Shield: a review of the situation in French Guiana

Lise Musset, Stéphane Pelleau, Romain Girod, Vanessa Ardillon, Luisiane Carvalho, Isabelle Dusfour, Margarete S M Gomes, Félix Djossou, Eric Legrand, Lise Musset, Stéphane Pelleau, Romain Girod, Vanessa Ardillon, Luisiane Carvalho, Isabelle Dusfour, Margarete S M Gomes, Félix Djossou, Eric Legrand

Abstract

In a climate of growing concern that Plasmodium falciparum may be developing a drug resistance to artemisinin derivatives in the Guiana Shield, this review details our current knowledge of malaria and control strategy in one part of the Shield, French Guiana. Local epidemiology, test-treat-track strategy, the state of parasite drug resistance and vector control measures are summarised. Current issues in terms of mobile populations and legislative limitations are also discussed.

Figures

Fig. 1. : geography of French Guiana.…
Fig. 1. : geography of French Guiana. Only the main rivers are represented. The rainforest is in green. The areas facing anthropic impact are represented in gray (medium) and black (high) (de Thoisy at al. 2010). Gold wealth subsoil is circled in black. The entire road network is represented in yellow. All towns and villages located in a malaria endemic area and reporting malaria cases are represented in red. In these latter, cares are provided only by a health centre.
Fig. 2. : number of malaria cases…
Fig. 2. : number of malaria cases from French Guiana since 2000.
Fig. 3. : risk of malaria in…
Fig. 3. : risk of malaria in French Guiana between September 2012 and March 2013. This map represents the risk of malaria contamination at the municipality scale. This risk is calculated from the number of registered malaria cases, the presence of Anopheles vector and gold mining activities in the municipality. Municipalities with very low risk of malaria are represented in yellow. Orange represents low risk and red, the highest risk. Between April and August, the three municipalities on the east, namely St Georges de l’Oyapock, Camopi and Trois Sauts, are generally at low risk because of the seasonality of transmission.

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