Human Gut Microbiota Associated with Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents

Ya-Ping Hou, Qing-Qing He, Hai-Mei Ouyang, Hai-Shan Peng, Qun Wang, Jie Li, Xiao-Fei Lv, Yi-Nan Zheng, Shao-Chuan Li, Hai-Liang Liu, Ai-Hua Yin, Ya-Ping Hou, Qing-Qing He, Hai-Mei Ouyang, Hai-Shan Peng, Qun Wang, Jie Li, Xiao-Fei Lv, Yi-Nan Zheng, Shao-Chuan Li, Hai-Liang Liu, Ai-Hua Yin

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the gut microbiota differences of obese children compared with the control healthy cohort to result in further understanding of the mechanism of obesity development.

Methods: We evaluated the 16S rRNA gene, the enterotypes, and quantity of the gut microbiota among obese children and the control cohort and learned the differences of the gut microbiota during the process of weight reduction in obese children.

Results: In the present study, we learned that the gut microbiota composition was significantly different between obese children and the healthy cohort. Next we found that functional changes, including the phosphotransferase system, ATP-binding cassette transporters, flagellar assembly, and bacterial chemotaxis were overrepresented, while glycan biosynthesis and metabolism were underrepresented in case samples. Moreover, we learned that the amount of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus increased among the obese children during the process of weight reduction.

Conclusion: Our results might enrich the research between gut microbiota and obesity and further provide a clinical basis for therapy for obesity. We recommend that Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus might be used as indicators of healthy conditions among obese children, as well as a kind of prebiotic and probiotic supplement in the diet to be an auxiliary treatment for obesity.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Composition comparison of fecal microbiota between the obese and control group. Plot of fecal microbiota based on the weighted UniFrac metric with principal coordinate analysis results.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Community population differences between the obese and control group. Enrichment microbes from obese samples are marked red, while the control samples are marked green.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Functional changes derived from the obesity-associated gut microbiota. All significantly different level 3 pathways are illustrated and colored according to level 2 pathway categories. Ordinate indicated metabolic pathways; different colors represent the classification of different metabolic pathways. Each pathway has two box figures, which represent the expression of obese children and control samples in this metabolic pathway. Significant changes in the relative abundance of estimated genes summarized by KEGG pathway annotations between obese children and controls are shown with P values < 0.05.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Abundance results of significant clusters of core OTUs for samples during 0, 30, 60, and 90 days of the dietary intervention. The asterisk indicates the statistical significance of P value < 0.01. OTUs species information in node_10 is listed in Table S3. ∗indicates the statistical significance of P value <0.01 compared with the dark grey sample (as control) in node_10.

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Source: PubMed

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