Effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a prospective before and after study

Javier Enrique Botero, Adriana Posada-López, Jimi Mejía-Vallejo, Ricardo Antonio Pineda-Tamayo, Emilio Bedoya-Giraldo, Javier Enrique Botero, Adriana Posada-López, Jimi Mejía-Vallejo, Ricardo Antonio Pineda-Tamayo, Emilio Bedoya-Giraldo

Abstract

Background: periodontal therapy has been suggested to have systemic effects. However, studies of periodontal therapy in rheumatoid arthritis patients have produced controversial results.

Aim: To compare the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy on biochemical markers of rheumatoid arthritis and periodontal parameters in patients with and without rheumatoid arthritis.

Methods: a prospective before-and-after study was conducted that included 21 participants without and 29 participants with rheumatoid arthritis. Periodontal parameters, Porphyromonas gingivalis detection, C-reactive protein, rheumatoid factor and anti-citrullinated protein antibodies were measured at baseline and three months after nonsurgical periodontal therapy and the changes were statistically assessed.

Results: In general, both groups presented statistically significant improvement in periodontal parameters (p<0.05). There was an increase in the counts of P. gingivalis in both groups at three months. In addition, there was a reduction in levels of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies and rheumatoid factor in participants with rheumatoid arthritis. In contrast, C-reactive protein levels increased in both groups but were higher in the rheumatoid arthritis group. Periodontal parameters in rheumatoid arthritis participants under disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs presented a slightly higher improvement (p <0.05).

Conclusions: Nonsurgical periodontal therapy has similar improvements in periodontal parameters in patients with and without rheumatoid arthritis. In addition, nonsurgical periodontal therapy may benefit serum levels of anti-citrullinated protein antibodies and rheumatoid factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. NCT04658615.

Keywords: C-reactive protein; anti-citrullinated protein antibodies; dysbiosis; periodontal debridement; periodontitis; rheumatoid arthritis; rheumatoid factor.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of interest: Dr. Botero received a grant from Universidad de Antioquia. Authors declared that they have no conflict of interests.

Copyright © 2021 Colombia Medica.

Figures

Figure 1. Flowchart of patient inclusion.
Figure 1. Flowchart of patient inclusion.
Figura 1. Flujograma de la inclusión de…
Figura 1. Flujograma de la inclusión de pacientes.

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