Dietary glycemic index and retinal microvasculature in adults: a cross-sectional study

Natalia Sanchez-Aguadero, Rosario Alonso-Dominguez, Jose I Recio-Rodriguez, Maria C Patino-Alonso, Manuel A Gomez-Marcos, Carlos Martin-Cantera, Yolanda Schmolling-Guinovart, Luis Garcia-Ortiz, EVIDENT II Group, Natalia Sanchez-Aguadero, Rosario Alonso-Dominguez, Jose I Recio-Rodriguez, Maria C Patino-Alonso, Manuel A Gomez-Marcos, Carlos Martin-Cantera, Yolanda Schmolling-Guinovart, Luis Garcia-Ortiz, EVIDENT II Group

Abstract

Objective: To analyze the relationship between dietary glycemic index (GI) and retinal microvasculature in adults.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 300 subjects from the EVIDENT II study. Dietary GI was calculated using a validated, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Retinal photographs were digitized, temporal vessels were measured in an area 0.5-1 disc diameter from the optic disc and arteriolar-venular index (AVI) was estimated with semi-automated software.

Results: AVI showed a significant difference between the tertiles of GI, after adjusting for potential confounders. The lowest AVI values were observed among subjects in the highest tertile of GI, whereas the greatest were found among those in the lowest tertile (estimated marginal mean of 0.738 vs. 0.768, p = 0.014).

Conclusions: In adults, high dietary GI implies lowering AVI values regardless of age, gender and other confounding variables.

Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT02016014 . Registered 9 December 2013.

Keywords: Carbohydrates; Glycemic index; Microcirculation; Retinal vessels.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Multivariate analysis. Retinal arteriolar-venular index (AVI), retinal arteriolar caliber and retinal venular caliber by tertiles of glycemic index (GI). Model adjusted for age, gender, total energy intake, body mass index (BMI), systolic blood pressure (SBP), antihypertensive drugs, antidiabetic drugs and lipid-lowering drugs. Tertiles (T) GI: T1 (Lowest through 45.98); T2 (45.98 through 50.52); T3 (50.52 through Highest). AVI differences by tertiles of GI: p = 0.033 between T1 and T3, p = 0.031 between T2 and T3. Post-hoc contrasts were performed by the Bonferroni test

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Source: PubMed

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