Cardiovascular Risk Factor Reduction in First Responders Resulting From an Individualized Lifestyle and Blood Test Program: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Rosalynn Gill, Harold Robert Superko, Megan M McCarthy, Kepra Jack, Briana Jones, Debanjali Ghosh, Steve Richards, Joi A Gleason, Paul T Williams, Michael Dansinger, Rosalynn Gill, Harold Robert Superko, Megan M McCarthy, Kepra Jack, Briana Jones, Debanjali Ghosh, Steve Richards, Joi A Gleason, Paul T Williams, Michael Dansinger

Abstract

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that a lifestyle program would improve risk factors linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in first responders.

Methods: A 1-year cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial in 10 cities. Participants were 175 first responders, with increased waist circumference and/or low levels of large (α1) high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles. The intervention group received personalized online tools and access to telephonic coaching sessions.

Results: At 1 year the intervention significantly reduced body weight (P = 0.004) and waist circumference (P = 0.002), increased α1 HDL (P = 0.01), and decreased triglyceride (P = 0.005) and insulin concentrations (P = 0.03). Program adherence was associated with weight loss (P = 0.0005) and increases in α1 HDL (P = 0.03).

Conclusions: In first responders, a personalized lifestyle intervention significantly improved CVD risk factors in proportion to program adherence. Changes in large HDL particles were more sensitive indicators of lifestyle changes than HDL-cholesterol measurement.

Clinical trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03322046.

Conflict of interest statement

Potential Conflicts of interest:

Superko, Gill, McCarthy, Jack, Jones, Ghosh, Richards, Gleason, Williams, and Dansinger have no relationships/conditions/circumstances that present potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Net percent increase in α1 HDL and HDL-cholesterol after 3 months (visit 2), 6 months (visit 3), and 12 months of intervention (visit 4). Brackets represent ±1 standard error. HDL, high-density lipoprotein.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Mean percent increase in α1 HDL and HDL-cholesterol in the treatment group after 12 months (visit 4) by quartiles of participation (average food journal entries per week). Brackets represent ±1 standard error. HDL, high-density lipoprotein.

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Source: PubMed

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