Effects of coenzyme Q10 supplementation on antioxidant capacity and inflammation in hepatocellular carcinoma patients after surgery: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Hsiao-Tien Liu, Yi-Chia Huang, Shao-Bin Cheng, Yin-Tzu Huang, Ping-Ting Lin, Hsiao-Tien Liu, Yi-Chia Huang, Shao-Bin Cheng, Yin-Tzu Huang, Ping-Ting Lin

Abstract

Background: It has been reported that higher levels of oxidative stress and inflammation play a key role in the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgery. Coenzyme Q10 is an endogenous lipid-soluble antioxidant. To date, no intervention study has investigated coenzyme Q10 supplementation in HCC patients after surgery. The purpose of this study was to investigate oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes activity, and inflammation levels in HCC patients after surgery following administration of coenzyme Q10 (300 mg/day).

Methods: This study was designed as a single-blinded, randomized, parallel, placebo-controlled study. Patients who were diagnosed with primary HCC (n = 41) and were randomly assign to a placebo (n = 20) or coenzyme Q10 (300 mg/day, n = 21) group after surgery. The intervention lasted for 12 weeks. Plasma coenzyme Q10, vitamin E, oxidative stress antioxidant enzymes activity and inflammatory markers levels were measured.

Results: The oxidative stress (p = 0.04) and inflammatory markers (hs-CRP and IL-6, p < 0.01) levels were significantly decreased, and the antioxidant enzymes activity was significantly increased (p < 0.01) after 12 weeks of coenzyme Q10 supplementation. In addition, the coenzyme Q10 level was significantly negatively correlated with the oxidative stress (p = 0.01), and positively correlated with antioxidant enzymes activity (SOD, p = 0.01; CAT, p < 0.05; GPx, p = 0.04) and vitamin E level (p = 0.01) after supplementation.

Conclusion: In conclusion, we demonstrated that a dose of 300 mg/d of coenzyme Q10 supplementation significantly increased the antioxidant capacity and reduced the oxidative stress and inflammation levels in HCC patients after surgery.

Trial registration: Clinical Trials.gov Identifier: NCT01964001.

Keywords: Antioxidation; Coenzyme Q10 supplementation; Hepatocellular carcinoma; Inflammation; Oxidative stress; Surgery.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow Diagram
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Levels of coenzyme Q10, vitamin E, oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzymes after supplementation. †values are significantly different between the two groups. *values are significantly different within each group. CAT, catalase activity; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Correlations between changes in the levels of coenzyme Q10 and changes in the levels of oxidative stress, antioxidant enzymes activity, and vitamin E. a Correlation between the changes in the levels of coenzyme Q10 and MDA (β = -0.29, p = 0.02); b Correlation between the changes in the levels of coenzyme Q10 and SOD (β = 2.57, p = 0.02); c Correlation between the changes in the levels of coenzyme Q10 and CAT (β = 4.47, p < 0.01); d Correlation between the changes in the levels of coenzyme Q10 and GPx (β = 3.53, p = 0.03); e Correlation between the changes in the levels of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E (β = 1.44, p = 0.01). CAT, catalase activity; GPT, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; MDA, malondialdehyde; SOD, superoxide dismutase

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