The efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging in acute multi-ligament injuries

Abstract

This study compares MRI with examination under anaesthesia to surgical findings in evaluating soft tissue injuries in acute multi-ligament knee trauma. Pre-operative MRI was done for 44 patients who underwent surgery for grade III ACL and grade III medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury. In 21 cases both ACL and MCL were treated surgically, but in 23 only ACL. Intra-operative and MRI findings were compared. Accuracy of MRI for medial meniscal tears was 88.6%, sensitivity 80%, and specificity 91.2%; accuracy for lateral meniscal tears was 72.7%, sensitivity 55% and specificity 87.5%. Accuracy and sensitivity for severity of ACL tear was 93.2% and of MCL tear 86.4%. In 88.6% of the knees, bone bruises were visible, with anterolateral femoral and posterolateral tibial bone bruise being the most common. MRI revealed no chondral lesion, but arthroscopy revealed 11. In combined ACL-MCL ruptures, the incidence of concomitant injuries is high and the injuries are best detected with MRI.

Figures

Fig. 1

Medial meniscal posterior horn tear in MRI

Fig. 2

Complete ACL rupture in MRI

Fig. 3

Proximal MCL tear in MRI

Fig. 4

Distal MCL tear in MRI

Fig. 5

Lateral femoral bone bruise in MRI