Short-term aerobic exercise reduces arterial stiffness in older adults with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia

Kenneth M Madden, Chris Lockhart, Darcye Cuff, Tiffany F Potter, Graydon S Meneilly, Kenneth M Madden, Chris Lockhart, Darcye Cuff, Tiffany F Potter, Graydon S Meneilly

Abstract

OBJECTIVE The relationship between increased arterial stiffness and cardiovascular mortality is well established in type 2 diabetes. We examined whether aerobic exercise could reduce arterial stiffness in older adults with type 2 diabetes complicated by comorbid hypertension and hyperlipidemia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 36 older adults (mean age 71.4 +/- 0.7 years) with diet-controlled or oral hypoglycemic-controlled type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia were recruited. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of two groups: an aerobic group (3 months vigorous aerobic exercise) and a nonaerobic group (no aerobic exercise). Exercise sessions were supervised by a certified exercise trainer three times per week, and a combination of cycle ergometers and treadmills was used. Arterial stiffness was measured using the Complior device. RESULTS When the two groups were compared, aerobic training resulted in a decrease in measures of both radial (-20.7 +/- 6.3 vs. +8.5 +/- 6.6%, P = 0.005) and femoral (-13.9 +/- 6.7 vs. +4.4 +/- 3.3%, P = 0.015) pulse-wave velocity despite the fact that aerobic fitness as assessed by Vo(2max) did not demonstrate an improvement with training (P = 0.026). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that a relatively short aerobic exercise intervention in older adults can reduce multifactorial arterial stiffness (type 2 diabetes, aging, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia).

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Aerobic training (AT, ■) resulted in a decrease in both radial PWV (rPWV) (P = 0.005) and femoral PWV (fPWV) (P = 0.015) that was not demonstrated in the nonaerobic (NA, □) group.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The 3-month training program did not result in a significant increase in Vo2max (P = 0.026) in the aerobic group (AT, ■) or nonaerobic (NA, □)group.

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