Seroprevalence of dengue in school children in Mexico ages 6-17 years, 2016

Irma Y Amaya-Larios, Mario Rojas-Russell, Malaquias López-Cervantes, Lilia Castro-Porras, Ma Victoria Castro-Borbonio, Elsa Sarti, Esteban Puentes-Rosas, Laura L Tirado-Gómez, Gustavo Olaíz-Fernandez, José Ramos-Castañeda, Irma Y Amaya-Larios, Mario Rojas-Russell, Malaquias López-Cervantes, Lilia Castro-Porras, Ma Victoria Castro-Borbonio, Elsa Sarti, Esteban Puentes-Rosas, Laura L Tirado-Gómez, Gustavo Olaíz-Fernandez, José Ramos-Castañeda

Abstract

Background: Dengue is the most important arboviral disease in the world. Seroprevalence has been proposed as a marker of endemicity, however, studies are scarce.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional, stratified cluster, random sample study to measure the seroprevalence of antibodies to dengue virus (DENV) in Mexico. The target population was school children ages 6-17 y from 22 endemic states in Mexico, clustered in four regions: Pacific, South-Central, Southeast and Low.

Results: A total of 2134 subjects provided blood samples for immunoglobulin G antibody detection in serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Overall, the seroprevalence of antibodies against DENV was 33.5% (95% confidence interval [CI] 27.5 to 40.1). The Southeast had the highest regional seroprevalence, reaching 70.9% (95% CI 60.3 to 79.7). Seroprevalence was higher in older children in the Southeast region: 62.1% (95% CI 46.9 to 75.2) in children 6-8 y and 82.6% (95% CI 73.8 to 88.9) in 13-17 years old (y). However, this was not consistent in all regions. Seroprevalence was associated with dengue incidence.

Conclusions: DENV seroprevalence in Mexico was found to be heterogeneous at the country, regional and state levels. Seroprevalence was linked to long-term exposure and did not adequately reflect recent patterns of transmission, suggesting that utilization of a single epidemiological indicator to define endemic regions should be avoided.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Scheme for selection and discontinuation of study subjects.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Dengue seroprevalence by region and age group. Map of Mexico shows (A) the areas analysed in this study. (B) The insert shows the average prevalence by region and the bars show the average positivity by age group.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Seropositivity to dengue and association with incidence. Linear association between seroprevalence by district (n=60 districts) and the median incidence per 100 000 inhabitants recorded between 2010 and 2015. Incidence data from the Direccion General de Epidemiologia, Secretaria de Salud, Mexico.

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Source: PubMed

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