Effectiveness of a community-based individualized lifestyle intervention among older adults with diabetes and hypertension, Tianjin, China, 2008-2009

Ruijun Yu, Lijing L Yan, Hanliang Wang, Liang Ke, Zhou Yang, Enying Gong, Hui Guo, Jun Liu, Yuting Gu, Yangfeng Wu, Ruijun Yu, Lijing L Yan, Hanliang Wang, Liang Ke, Zhou Yang, Enying Gong, Hui Guo, Jun Liu, Yuting Gu, Yangfeng Wu

Abstract

Introduction: Though diet and exercise modification is effective in preventing diabetes and hypertension, community-based models for lifestyle intervention for managing these conditions that are practical and effective are few.

Methods: A community-based lifestyle intervention trial was conducted in 5 community clinics in Tianjin, China. Trained physicians used energy monitors and software as tools to provide eight individualized lifestyle consultation sessions (zhiji management) to 273 residents with mild hypertension (including prehypertension) or diabetes (including prediabetes). The recruitment was based on a waitlist control design. The early group (n = 175) received the 3-month intervention and the late group served as controls; afterward, the early group was followed up while the late group received the 3-month intervention. Selected characteristics between the 2 groups were compared by χ(2) tests, continuous variables paired t tests, and independent t tests.

Results: Compared with baseline, the intervention significantly increased effective (3-6 metabolic equivalents and >6 minutes) physical activity by 54.6 kilocalories per day (P < .01) and decreased total dietary intake by 328.5 kilocalories per day (P < .01). The net differences between early group (intervention) and late group (control phase) were significant (P < .01) for weight, waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, 2-hour postprandial glucose, and hemoglobin A1c.

Conclusion: This community-based lifestyle zhiji management program produced short-term beneficial changes in activity, diet, and clinical parameters in patients with mild diabetes or hypertension. Larger and longer trials are needed to fully evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of this model.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Study design for individualized lifestyle intervention in primary care facilities, Tianjin, China, 2008–2009.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Session-by-session results for weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure among participants in an individualized lifestyle intervention, for both the early and the late group interventions and during follow-up for the early group Tianjin, China, 2008–2009. Total sample: early group n = 175, late group n = 98. [Table: see text]
Figure 2
Figure 2
Session-by-session results for weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure among participants in an individualized lifestyle intervention, for both the early and the late group interventions and during follow-up for the early group Tianjin, China, 2008–2009. Total sample: early group n = 175, late group n = 98. [Table: see text]
Figure 2
Figure 2
Session-by-session results for weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure among participants in an individualized lifestyle intervention, for both the early and the late group interventions and during follow-up for the early group Tianjin, China, 2008–2009. Total sample: early group n = 175, late group n = 98. [Table: see text]
Figure 2
Figure 2
Session-by-session results for weight, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, and diastolic blood pressure among participants in an individualized lifestyle intervention, for both the early and the late group interventions and during follow-up for the early group Tianjin, China, 2008–2009. Total sample: early group n = 175, late group n = 98. [Table: see text]

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Source: PubMed

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