Epidemiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients in IRAN: A single center study

Mohamad Nikpouraghdam, Alireza Jalali Farahani, GholamHossein Alishiri, Soleyman Heydari, Mehdi Ebrahimnia, Hossein Samadinia, Mojtaba Sepandi, Nematollah Jonaidi Jafari, Morteza Izadi, Ali Qazvini, Ruhollah Dorostkar, Mahdi Tat, Alireza Shahriary, Gholamreza Farnoosh, Seyed Reza Hosseini Zijoud, Maryam Taghdir, Yousef Alimohamadi, Sepideh Abbaszadeh, Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh, Mahdi Bagheri, Mohamad Nikpouraghdam, Alireza Jalali Farahani, GholamHossein Alishiri, Soleyman Heydari, Mehdi Ebrahimnia, Hossein Samadinia, Mojtaba Sepandi, Nematollah Jonaidi Jafari, Morteza Izadi, Ali Qazvini, Ruhollah Dorostkar, Mahdi Tat, Alireza Shahriary, Gholamreza Farnoosh, Seyed Reza Hosseini Zijoud, Maryam Taghdir, Yousef Alimohamadi, Sepideh Abbaszadeh, Hadi Esmaeili Gouvarchin Ghaleh, Mahdi Bagheri

Abstract

Background: An outbreak of COVID-19 in Iran has spread throughout the country. Identifying the epidemiological characteristics of this disease will help to make appropriate decisions and thus control the epidemic. The aim of this study was characterization of the epidemiological features of COVID-19 in Iran.

Methods: In this retrospective study, data related to the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 patients admitted to Baqiyatallah Hospital in Tehran, Iran, from 19 February 2020 to 15 April 2020 have been analyzed and reported. Patient characteristics including age, gender and underlying diseases were investigated. Data were collected through patient records. Sex ratio, Case Fatality Rate (CFR) and daily trend of cases were also determined. A multiple logistic regression analysis was also performed to assess affecting factors on mortality.

Results: From February 19, 2020 to April 15, 2020, 12870 patients referred to the hospital emergency department, of which 2968 were hospitalized with COVID-19 diagnosis. The majority of cases were in the age group of 50 to 60 years of old. The male-to-female ratio was 1.93:1. A total of 239 deaths occurred among all cases for an overall CFR of 1.85% based on the total number of patients (both outpatient and inpatient) and 8.06% among hospitalized patients. Out of all patients 10.89% had comorbidity. Diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, chronic Kidney diseases and cancer were the most common comorbidities with 3.81, 2.02 , 1.99 , 1.25, 0.60 and 0.57 %, respectively. Male gender (OR=1.45, 95% CI: 1.08-1.96), older age (OR=1.05, 95% CI: 1.04-1.06) and having underlying diseases (OR=1.53, 95% CI: 1.04-2.24) were significantly associated with mortality.

Conclusions: The results of this study showed that Male gender, older age and having comorbidities were significantly associated with the risk of death among COVID-19 patients. It is important to pay special attention to male elderly patients with underlying diseases.

Keywords: COVID-19; Case Fatality Rate; Comorbidity; Epidemiology; IRAN; SARS-CoV-2.

Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that there are no competing interests.

Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The distribution of all cases and deaths in each age group (n = 2964).
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The distribution of comorbidities among all Covid-19 cases as well as cases that have died.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
The distribution of Covid-19 patients according to date of Hospital admission (n = 2964).

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Source: PubMed

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