Validation of the short forms of the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory (PFDI-20), Pelvic Floor Impact Questionnaire (PFIQ-7), and Pelvic Organ Prolapse/Urinary Incontinence Sexual Questionnaire (PISQ-12) in Finnish
Nina Kristiina Mattsson, Kari Nieminen, Anna-Mari Heikkinen, Jyrki Jalkanen, Sari Koivurova, Marja-Liisa Eloranta, Pia Suvitie, Anna-Maija Tolppanen, Nina Kristiina Mattsson, Kari Nieminen, Anna-Mari Heikkinen, Jyrki Jalkanen, Sari Koivurova, Marja-Liisa Eloranta, Pia Suvitie, Anna-Maija Tolppanen
Abstract
Background: Although several validated generic health-related quality of life instruments exist, disease-specific instruments are important as they are often more sensitive to changes in symptom severity. It is essential to validate the instruments in a new population and language before their use. The objective of the study was to translate into Finnish the short forms of three condition-specific questionnaires (PFDI-20, PFIQ-7 and PISQ-12) and to evaluate their psychometric properties in Finnish women with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse.
Methods: A multistep translation method was used followed by an evaluation of validity and reliability in prolapse patients. Convergent and discriminant validity, internal consistency and reliability via test-retest were calculated.
Results: Sixty-three patients waiting for prolapse surgery filled the three questionnaires within two weeks. Response rate for each item was high in PFDI-20 and PISQ-12 (99.8 and 98.9% respectively). For PFIQ-7 response rate was only 60%. In PFIQ-7, six respondents (9.5%) reached the minimum value of zero showing floor effect. None of the instruments had ceiling effect. Based on the item-total correlations both PFIQ-7 and PFDI-20 had acceptable convergent validity, while the convergent validity of PISQ-12 was lower, r = 0.138-0.711. However, in this instrument only three questions (questions 6, 10 and 11) had r < 0.3 while others had r ≥ 0.380. In the test-retest analysis all the three instruments showed good reliability (ICC 0.75-0.92). Similarly, the internal consistency of the instruments, measured by Cronbach's α, was good (range 0.69-0.96) indicating high homogeneity.
Conclusions: Finnish validated translation of the PFDI-20 and PISQ-12 have acceptable psychometric properties and can be used for both research purposes and clinical evaluation of pelvic organ prolapse symptoms. The Finnish version of PFIQ-7 displayed low response rate and some evidence of a floor effect, and thus its use is not recommended in its current form.
Keywords: Health related quality of life; Pelvic organ prolapse; Psychometric evaluation; Reliability; Symptom questionnaire; Validation.
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