Noisy neighbourhoods: quorum sensing in fungal-polymicrobial infections

Emily F Dixon, Rebecca A Hall, Emily F Dixon, Rebecca A Hall

Abstract

Quorum sensing was once considered a way in which a species was able to sense its cell density and regulate gene expression accordingly. However, it is now becoming apparent that multiple microbes can sense particular quorum-sensing molecules, enabling them to sense and respond to other microbes in their neighbourhood. Such interactions are significant within the context of polymicrobial disease, in which the competition or cooperation of microbes can alter disease progression. Fungi comprise a small but important component of the human microbiome and are in constant contact with bacteria and viruses. The discovery of quorum-sensing pathways in fungi has led to the characterization of a number of interkingdom quorum-sensing interactions. Here, we review the recent developments in quorum sensing in medically important fungi, and the implications these interactions have on the host's innate immune response.

© 2015 The Authors. Cellular Microbiology Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Common niches in which fungal quorum‐sensing interactions occur. Diagrammatic representation of the most common niches where polymicrobial interactions occur. Only key species are highlighted.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Key interkingdom quorum‐sensing interactions that occur in the cystic fibrosis lung. Diagrammatic representation of quorum‐sensing interactions occurring between fungal and bacterial colonizers of the cystic fibrosis lung. Green lines indicate where a quorum‐sensing molecule exerts a stimulatory effect (i.e. enhanced expression of virulence factors), while red lines indicate inhibition. SDSF, Stenotrophomonas diffusible signal factor; BDSF, Burkholderia diffusible signal factor, cis‐2‐dodecenoic acid.

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Source: PubMed

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