Effects of microbiota-directed foods in gnotobiotic animals and undernourished children
Jeanette L Gehrig, Siddarth Venkatesh, Hao-Wei Chang, Matthew C Hibberd, Vanderlene L Kung, Jiye Cheng, Robert Y Chen, Sathish Subramanian, Carrie A Cowardin, Martin F Meier, David O'Donnell, Michael Talcott, Larry D Spears, Clay F Semenkovich, Bernard Henrissat, Richard J Giannone, Robert L Hettich, Olga Ilkayeva, Michael Muehlbauer, Christopher B Newgard, Christopher Sawyer, Richard D Head, Dmitry A Rodionov, Aleksandr A Arzamasov, Semen A Leyn, Andrei L Osterman, Md Iqbal Hossain, Munirul Islam, Nuzhat Choudhury, Shafiqul Alam Sarker, Sayeeda Huq, Imteaz Mahmud, Ishita Mostafa, Mustafa Mahfuz, Michael J Barratt, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jeffrey I Gordon, Jeanette L Gehrig, Siddarth Venkatesh, Hao-Wei Chang, Matthew C Hibberd, Vanderlene L Kung, Jiye Cheng, Robert Y Chen, Sathish Subramanian, Carrie A Cowardin, Martin F Meier, David O'Donnell, Michael Talcott, Larry D Spears, Clay F Semenkovich, Bernard Henrissat, Richard J Giannone, Robert L Hettich, Olga Ilkayeva, Michael Muehlbauer, Christopher B Newgard, Christopher Sawyer, Richard D Head, Dmitry A Rodionov, Aleksandr A Arzamasov, Semen A Leyn, Andrei L Osterman, Md Iqbal Hossain, Munirul Islam, Nuzhat Choudhury, Shafiqul Alam Sarker, Sayeeda Huq, Imteaz Mahmud, Ishita Mostafa, Mustafa Mahfuz, Michael J Barratt, Tahmeed Ahmed, Jeffrey I Gordon
Abstract
To examine the contributions of impaired gut microbial community development to childhood undernutrition, we combined metabolomic and proteomic analyses of plasma samples with metagenomic analyses of fecal samples to characterize the biological state of Bangladeshi children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) as they transitioned, after standard treatment, to moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) with persistent microbiota immaturity. Host and microbial effects of microbiota-directed complementary food (MDCF) prototypes targeting weaning-phase bacterial taxa underrepresented in SAM and MAM microbiota were characterized in gnotobiotic mice and gnotobiotic piglets colonized with age- and growth-discriminatory bacteria. A randomized, double-blind controlled feeding study identified a lead MDCF that changes the abundances of targeted bacteria and increases plasma biomarkers and mediators of growth, bone formation, neurodevelopment, and immune function in children with MAM.
Conflict of interest statement
J.I.G. is a cofounder of Matatu, a company characterizing the role of diet-by-microbiota interactions in animal health. L.D.S. is currently a scientific sales representative at STEMCELL Technologies.
Copyright © 2018, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
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