A state-of-the-art review on fucoidan as an antiviral agent to combat viral infections

Biswajita Pradhan, Rabindra Nayak, Srimanta Patra, Prajna Paramita Bhuyan, Pradyota Kumar Behera, Amiya Kumar Mandal, Chhandashree Behera, Jang-Seu Ki, Siba Prasad Adhikary, Davoodbasha MubarakAli, Mrutyunjay Jena, Biswajita Pradhan, Rabindra Nayak, Srimanta Patra, Prajna Paramita Bhuyan, Pradyota Kumar Behera, Amiya Kumar Mandal, Chhandashree Behera, Jang-Seu Ki, Siba Prasad Adhikary, Davoodbasha MubarakAli, Mrutyunjay Jena

Abstract

As a significant public health hazard with several drug side effects during medical treatment, searching for novel therapeutic natural medicines is promising. Sulfated polysaccharides from algae, such as fucoidan, have been discovered to have a variety of medical applications, including antibacterial and immunomodulatory properties. The review emphasized on the utilization of fucoidan as an antiviral agent against viral infections by inhibiting their attachment and replication. Moreover, it can also trigger immune response against viral infection in humans. This review suggested to be use the fucoidan for the potential protective remedy against COVID-19 and addressing the antiviral activities of sulfated polysaccharide, fucoidan derived from marine algae that could be used as an anti-COVID19 drug in near future.

Keywords: Antiviral drug; COVID-19; Fucoidan; Immunomodulation; Marine algae.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

Copyright © 2022 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Figures

Graphical abstract
Graphical abstract
Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Structure of the novel corona virus.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
The viral entry and replication of novel coronavirus pathogenesis.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Sulfated polysaccharides (SPs) modulates antiviral mechanism of via inhibiting virus attachment, penetration, interiorization, uncoating and transcription and translation process.
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
The most common backbone chains of brown seaweed fucoidan type I (A), type II (B). The molecular structure of isolated fucoidan used against SARS-CoV-2 such as F. vesiculosus (C) and Undaria pinnatifida (D).
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Fucoidan inhibit the attachment and viral entry. Moreover, fucoidan activate immune responses against COVID-19 patients via activation of T-cell.

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Source: PubMed

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