Cost-Effectiveness of Alirocumab in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes: The ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Trial
Deepak L Bhatt, Andrew H Briggs, Shelby D Reed, Lieven Annemans, Michael Szarek, Vera A Bittner, Rafael Diaz, Shaun G Goodman, Robert A Harrington, Keiko Higuchi, Florence Joulain, J Wouter Jukema, Qian H Li, Kenneth W Mahaffey, Robert J Sanchez, Matthew T Roe, Renato D Lopes, Harvey D White, Andreas M Zeiher, Gregory G Schwartz, Ph Gabriel Steg, ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Investigators, Gregory G Schwartz, Ph Gabriel Steg, Deepak L Bhatt, Vera A Bittner, Rafael Diaz, Shaun G Goodman, Robert A Harrington, J Wouter Jukema, Michael Szarek, Harvey D White, Andreas M Zeiher, Pierluigi Tricoci, Matthew T Roe, Kenneth W Mahaffey, Jay M Edelberg, Corinne Hanotin, Guillaume Lecorps, Angèle Moryusef, Robert Pordy, William J Sasiela, Jean-François Tamby, Deepak L Bhatt, Andrew H Briggs, Shelby D Reed, Lieven Annemans, Michael Szarek, Vera A Bittner, Rafael Diaz, Shaun G Goodman, Robert A Harrington, Keiko Higuchi, Florence Joulain, J Wouter Jukema, Qian H Li, Kenneth W Mahaffey, Robert J Sanchez, Matthew T Roe, Renato D Lopes, Harvey D White, Andreas M Zeiher, Gregory G Schwartz, Ph Gabriel Steg, ODYSSEY OUTCOMES Investigators, Gregory G Schwartz, Ph Gabriel Steg, Deepak L Bhatt, Vera A Bittner, Rafael Diaz, Shaun G Goodman, Robert A Harrington, J Wouter Jukema, Michael Szarek, Harvey D White, Andreas M Zeiher, Pierluigi Tricoci, Matthew T Roe, Kenneth W Mahaffey, Jay M Edelberg, Corinne Hanotin, Guillaume Lecorps, Angèle Moryusef, Robert Pordy, William J Sasiela, Jean-François Tamby
Abstract
Background: Cholesterol reduction with proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 inhibitors reduces ischemic events; however, the cost-effectiveness in statin-treated patients with recent acute coronary syndrome remains uncertain.
Objectives: This study sought to determine whether further cholesterol reduction with alirocumab would be cost-effective in patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome on optimal statin therapy.
Methods: A cost-effectiveness model leveraging patient-level data from ODYSSEY OUTCOMES (Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Alirocumab) was developed to estimate costs and outcomes over a lifetime horizon. Patients (n = 18,924) had a recent acute coronary syndrome and were on high-intensity or maximum-tolerated statin therapy, with a baseline low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level ≥70 mg/dl, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥100 mg/dl, or apolipoprotein B ≥80 mg/l. Alirocumab 75 mg or placebo was administered subcutaneously every 2 weeks. Alirocumab was blindly titrated to 150 mg if LDL-C remained ≥50 mg/dl or switched to placebo if 2 consecutive LDL-C levels were <15 mg/dl. Incremental cost per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) was determined with the addition of alirocumab versus placebo and, based on clinical efficacy findings from the trial, was stratified by baseline LDL-C levels ≥100 mg/dl and <100 mg/dl.
Results: Across the overall population recruited to the ODYSSEY OUTCOMES trial, using an annual treatment cost of US$5,850, the mean overall incremental cost-effectiveness ratio was US$92,200 per QALY (base case). The cost was US$41,800 per QALY in patients with baseline LDL-C ≥100 mg/dl, whereas in those with LDL-C <100 mg/dl the cost per QALY was US$299,400. Among patients with LDL-C ≥100 mg/dl, incremental cost-effectiveness ratios remained below US$100,000 per QALY across a wide variety of sensitivity analyses.
Conclusions: In patients with a recent acute coronary syndrome on optimal statin therapy, alirocumab improves cardiovascular outcomes at costs considered intermediate value, with good value in patients with baseline LDL-C ≥100 mg/dl but less economic value with LDL-C <100 mg/dl. (Evaluation of Cardiovascular Outcomes After an Acute Coronary Syndrome During Treatment With Alirocumab [ODYSSEY OUTCOMES]; NCT01663402).
Keywords: acute coronary syndromes; alirocumab; cholesterol; cost-effectiveness; economic analysis.
Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Source: PubMed