Effect of HEAT therapy in patiEnts with type 2 Diabetes mellitus (HEATED): protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Judit Sebők, Zsófia Édel, Fanni Dembrovszky, Nelli Farkas, Zsolt Török, Gábor Balogh, Mária Péter, Ildiko Papp, Zsolt Balogi, Nóra Nusser, Iván Péter, Philip Hooper, Paige Geiger, Bálint Erőss, István Wittmann, Szilárd Váncsa, László Vigh, Péter Hegyi, Judit Sebők, Zsófia Édel, Fanni Dembrovszky, Nelli Farkas, Zsolt Török, Gábor Balogh, Mária Péter, Ildiko Papp, Zsolt Balogi, Nóra Nusser, Iván Péter, Philip Hooper, Paige Geiger, Bálint Erőss, István Wittmann, Szilárd Váncsa, László Vigh, Péter Hegyi

Abstract

Introduction: The burden of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasing worldwide. Heat therapy has been found effective in improving glycaemic control. However, to date, there is a lack of randomised controlled studies investigating the efficacy of heat therapy in T2DM. Therefore, we aim to investigate whether heat therapy with natural thermal mineral water can improve glycaemic control in patients with T2DM.

Methods and analysis: The HEAT therapy in patiEnts with type 2 Diabetes mellitus (HEATED) Study is a single-centre, two-arm randomised controlled trial being conducted at Harkány Thermal Rehabilitation Centre in Hungary. Patients with T2DM will be randomly assigned to group A (bath sessions in 38°C natural thermal mineral water) and group B (baths in thermoneutral water (30°C-32°C)). Both groups will complete a maximum of 5 weekly visits, averaging 50-60 visits over the 12-week study. Each session will last 30 min, with a physical check-up before the bath. At baseline, patients' T2DM status will be investigated thoroughly. Possible microvascular and macrovascular complications of T2DM will be assessed with physical and laboratory examinations. The short form-36 questionnaire will assess the quality of life. Patients will also be evaluated at weeks 4, 8 and 12. The primary endpoint will be the change of glycated haemoglobin from baseline to week 12. An estimated 65 patients will be enrolled per group, with a sample size re-estimation at the enrolment of 50% of the calculated sample size.

Ethics and dissemination: The study has been approved by the Scientific and Research Ethics Committee of the Hungarian Medical Research Council (818-2/2022/EÜIG). Written informed consent is required from all participants. We will disseminate our results to the medical community and will publish our results in peer-reviewed journals.

Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05237219.

Keywords: diabetes & endocrinology; general diabetes; therapeutics.

Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Trial flowchart. ADA, American Diabetes Association; EASD, European Association for the Study of Diabetes; HbA1C, glycated haemoglobin; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Schedule of enrolment, interventions and assessments.

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