Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone genotype influences ventricular remodeling in infants with single ventricle
Seema Mital, Wendy K Chung, Steven D Colan, Lynn A Sleeper, Cedric Manlhiot, Cammon B Arrington, James F Cnota, Eric M Graham, Michael E Mitchell, Elizabeth Goldmuntz, Jennifer S Li, Jami C Levine, Teresa M Lee, Renee Margossian, Daphne T Hsu, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators, Gail Pearson, Victoria Pemberton, Mario Stylianou, Marsha Mathis, Lynn Mahony, Lynn Sleeper, Steven Colan, Lisa Virzi, Lisa Wruck, Victor Zak, David F Teitel, Leslie Kalish, Patty Connell, Jane W Newburger, Roger Breitbart, Jami Levine, Ellen McGrath, Carolyn Dunbar-Masterson, Daphne Hsu, William Hellenbrand, Ashwin Prakash, Seema Mital, Darlene Servedio, Victoria L Vetter, Chitra Ravishankar, Sarah Tabbutt, Meryl Cohen, Katherine Lee, Marisa Nolan, Stephanie Piacentino, Michelle Toms, D Woodrow Benson, Catherine Dent Krawczeski, Lois Bogenschutz, Teresa Barnard, Steven Schwartz, David Nelson, Page A W Anderson, Jennifer Li, Wesley Covitz, Kari Crawford, Michael Hines, James Jaggers, Theodore Koutlas, Charlie Sang Jr, Lori Jo Sutton, Mingfen Xu, J Philip Saul, Andrew Atz, Girish Shirali, Eric M Graham, Teresa Atz, L LuAnn Minich, John A Hawkins, Richard V Williams, Linda M Lambert, Marian E Shearrow, Brian McCrindle, Elizabeth Radojewski, Nancy Slater, Svetlana Khaikin, Susan McIntyre, Nancy Ghanayem, Kathy Mussatto, Michele Frommelt, Lisa Young-Borkowski, Albert Rocchini, Laurie Rodgers Augustyniak, Steven Colan, Renee Margossian, Wendy Chung, Liyong Deng, Patricia Lanzano, Michael Artman, Judith Massicot-Fisher, Timothy Feltes, Julie Johnson, Thomas Klitzner, Jeffrey Krischer, G Paul Matherne, John Kugler, Rae-Ellen Kavey, David J Driscoll, Mark Galantowicz, Sally A Hunsberger, Thomas J Knight, Holly Taylor, Catherine L Webb, Seema Mital, Wendy K Chung, Steven D Colan, Lynn A Sleeper, Cedric Manlhiot, Cammon B Arrington, James F Cnota, Eric M Graham, Michael E Mitchell, Elizabeth Goldmuntz, Jennifer S Li, Jami C Levine, Teresa M Lee, Renee Margossian, Daphne T Hsu, Pediatric Heart Network Investigators, Gail Pearson, Victoria Pemberton, Mario Stylianou, Marsha Mathis, Lynn Mahony, Lynn Sleeper, Steven Colan, Lisa Virzi, Lisa Wruck, Victor Zak, David F Teitel, Leslie Kalish, Patty Connell, Jane W Newburger, Roger Breitbart, Jami Levine, Ellen McGrath, Carolyn Dunbar-Masterson, Daphne Hsu, William Hellenbrand, Ashwin Prakash, Seema Mital, Darlene Servedio, Victoria L Vetter, Chitra Ravishankar, Sarah Tabbutt, Meryl Cohen, Katherine Lee, Marisa Nolan, Stephanie Piacentino, Michelle Toms, D Woodrow Benson, Catherine Dent Krawczeski, Lois Bogenschutz, Teresa Barnard, Steven Schwartz, David Nelson, Page A W Anderson, Jennifer Li, Wesley Covitz, Kari Crawford, Michael Hines, James Jaggers, Theodore Koutlas, Charlie Sang Jr, Lori Jo Sutton, Mingfen Xu, J Philip Saul, Andrew Atz, Girish Shirali, Eric M Graham, Teresa Atz, L LuAnn Minich, John A Hawkins, Richard V Williams, Linda M Lambert, Marian E Shearrow, Brian McCrindle, Elizabeth Radojewski, Nancy Slater, Svetlana Khaikin, Susan McIntyre, Nancy Ghanayem, Kathy Mussatto, Michele Frommelt, Lisa Young-Borkowski, Albert Rocchini, Laurie Rodgers Augustyniak, Steven Colan, Renee Margossian, Wendy Chung, Liyong Deng, Patricia Lanzano, Michael Artman, Judith Massicot-Fisher, Timothy Feltes, Julie Johnson, Thomas Klitzner, Jeffrey Krischer, G Paul Matherne, John Kugler, Rae-Ellen Kavey, David J Driscoll, Mark Galantowicz, Sally A Hunsberger, Thomas J Knight, Holly Taylor, Catherine L Webb
Abstract
Background: We investigated the effect of polymorphisms in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) genes on ventricular remodeling, growth, renal function, and response to enalapril in infants with single ventricle.
Methods and results: Single ventricle infants enrolled in a randomized trial of enalapril were genotyped for polymorphisms in 5 genes: angiotensinogen, angiotensin-converting enzyme, angiotensin II type 1 receptor, aldosterone synthase, and chymase. Alleles associated with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system upregulation were classified as risk alleles. Ventricular mass, volume, somatic growth, renal function using estimated glomerular filtration rate, and response to enalapril were compared between patients with ≥2 homozygous risk genotypes (high risk), and those with <2 homozygous risk genotypes (low risk) at 2 time points: before the superior cavopulmonary connection (pre-SCPC) and at age 14 months. Of 230 trial subjects, 154 were genotyped: Thirty-eight were high risk, and 116 were low risk. Ventricular mass and volume were elevated in both groups pre-SCPC. Ventricular mass and volume decreased and estimated glomerular filtration rate increased after SCPC in the low-risk (P<0.05), but not the high-risk group. These responses were independent of enalapril treatment. Weight and height z-scores were lower at baseline, and height remained lower in the high-risk group at 14 months, especially in those receiving enalapril (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system-upregulation genotypes were associated with failure of reverse remodeling after SCPC surgery, less improvement in renal function, and impaired somatic growth, the latter especially in patients receiving enalapril. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system genotype may identify a high-risk subgroup of single ventricle patients who fail to fully benefit from volume-unloading surgery. Follow-up is warranted to assess long-term impact.
Clinical trial registration: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00113087.
Figures
![Figure 1](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f1a.jpg)
Figure 1
(a) Ventricular EDV z-scores, and…
Figure 1
(a) Ventricular EDV z-scores, and (b) Ventricular mass z-scores decreased in the low-risk…
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals)…
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals) in ventricular mass z-scores at (a) pre-SCPC and…
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals)…
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals) in ventricular mass z-scores at (a) pre-SCPC and…
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals)…
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals) in ventricular mass z-scores at (a) pre-SCPC and…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and (c) head circumference z-scores at baseline i.e. enrollment,…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and (c) head circumference z-scores at baseline i.e. enrollment,…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and (c) head circumference z-scores at baseline i.e. enrollment,…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences in growth z-scores between the enalapril and placebo…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences in growth z-scores between the enalapril and placebo…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
- Enalapril in infants with single ventricle: results of a multicenter randomized trial.Hsu DT, Zak V, Mahony L, Sleeper LA, Atz AM, Levine JC, Barker PC, Ravishankar C, McCrindle BW, Williams RV, Altmann K, Ghanayem NS, Margossian R, Chung WK, Border WL, Pearson GD, Stylianou MP, Mital S; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Hsu DT, et al. Circulation. 2010 Jul 27;122(4):333-40. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927988. Epub 2010 Jul 12. Circulation. 2010. PMID: 20625111 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- Renin-angiotensin aldosterone profile before and after angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor administration in dogs with angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism.Adin D, Atkins C, Domenig O, DeFrancesco T, Keene B, Tou S, Stern JA, Meurs KM. Adin D, et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2020 Mar;34(2):600-606. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15746. Epub 2020 Feb 29. J Vet Intern Med. 2020. PMID: 32112596 Free PMC article.
- Growth Asymmetry, Head Circumference, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants with Single Ventricles.Miller TA, Zak V, Shrader P, Ravishankar C, Pemberton VL, Newburger JW, Shillingford AJ, Dagincourt N, Cnota JF, Lambert LM, Sananes R, Richmond ME, Hsu DT, Miller SG, Zyblewski SC, Williams RV; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Miller TA, et al. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:220-225.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.041. Epub 2015 Oct 17. J Pediatr. 2016. PMID: 26490132 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- [Polymorphism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: molecular and epidemiogenetic aspects].Soubrier F. Soubrier F. Nephrologie. 1998;19(7):377-84. Nephrologie. 1998. PMID: 9857371 Review. French.
- Genetic basis of cardiovascular disease--the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as a paradigm.Padmanabhan N, Padmanabhan S, Connell JM. Padmanabhan N, et al. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000 Dec;1(4):316-24. doi: 10.3317/jraas.2000.060. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000. PMID: 11967817 Review. No abstract available.
- Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress in the Right Ventricle of Newborn Sheep Gestated under Chronic Hypoxia.Gonzaléz-Candia A, Arias PV, Aguilar SA, Figueroa EG, Reyes RV, Ebensperger G, Llanos AJ, Herrera EA. Gonzaléz-Candia A, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Oct 22;10(11):1658. doi: 10.3390/antiox10111658. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34829529 Free PMC article.
- Genetics of congenital heart disease: a narrative review of recent advances and clinical implications.Yasuhara J, Garg V. Yasuhara J, et al. Transl Pediatr. 2021 Sep;10(9):2366-2386. doi: 10.21037/tp-21-297. Transl Pediatr. 2021. PMID: 34733677 Free PMC article. Review.
- Activation of the M3AChR and Notch1/HSF1 Signaling Pathway by Choline Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis.Xu M, Bi XY, Xue XR, Lu XZ, Li QG, Jian Q, Sun JY. Xu M, et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Aug 30;2021:9979706. doi: 10.1155/2021/9979706. eCollection 2021. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021. PMID: 34504645 Free PMC article.
- The failing Fontan.Kumar TKS. Kumar TKS. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021 Jan;37(Suppl 1):82-90. doi: 10.1007/s12055-020-00931-2. Epub 2020 Mar 7. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021. PMID: 33603286 Free PMC article. Review.
- COVID's Razor: RAS Imbalance, the Common Denominator Across Disparate, Unexpected Aspects of COVID-19.Czick M, Shapter C, Shapter R. Czick M, et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Sep 11;13:3169-3192. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S265518. eCollection 2020. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020. PMID: 32982349 Free PMC article. Review.
- Comparative Study
- Multicenter Study
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Aldosterone / genetics
- Angiotensins / genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Genotype
- Growth Disorders / genetics
- Growth Disorders / metabolism
- Growth Disorders / physiopathology
- Heart Ventricles / abnormalities*
- Heart Ventricles / metabolism*
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Kidney Function Tests
- Male
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics
- Polymorphism, Genetic / genetics
- Renin / genetics
- Renin-Angiotensin System / genetics*
- Up-Regulation / genetics
- Ventricular Function / genetics*
- Ventricular Remodeling / genetics*
- Angiotensins
- Aldosterone
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- Renin
- ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00113087
- HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
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- U10 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL109673/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- Full Text Sources
- Medical
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The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.
National Library of Medicine
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20894
![Figure 1](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f1b.jpg)
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals)…
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals) in ventricular mass z-scores at (a) pre-SCPC and…
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals)…
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals) in ventricular mass z-scores at (a) pre-SCPC and…
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals)…
Figure 2
Difference (and 95% confidence intervals) in ventricular mass z-scores at (a) pre-SCPC and…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and (c) head circumference z-scores at baseline i.e. enrollment,…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and (c) head circumference z-scores at baseline i.e. enrollment,…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and (c) head circumference z-scores at baseline i.e. enrollment,…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences in growth z-scores between the enalapril and placebo…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences in growth z-scores between the enalapril and placebo…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
- Enalapril in infants with single ventricle: results of a multicenter randomized trial.Hsu DT, Zak V, Mahony L, Sleeper LA, Atz AM, Levine JC, Barker PC, Ravishankar C, McCrindle BW, Williams RV, Altmann K, Ghanayem NS, Margossian R, Chung WK, Border WL, Pearson GD, Stylianou MP, Mital S; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Hsu DT, et al. Circulation. 2010 Jul 27;122(4):333-40. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927988. Epub 2010 Jul 12. Circulation. 2010. PMID: 20625111 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- Renin-angiotensin aldosterone profile before and after angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor administration in dogs with angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism.Adin D, Atkins C, Domenig O, DeFrancesco T, Keene B, Tou S, Stern JA, Meurs KM. Adin D, et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2020 Mar;34(2):600-606. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15746. Epub 2020 Feb 29. J Vet Intern Med. 2020. PMID: 32112596 Free PMC article.
- Growth Asymmetry, Head Circumference, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants with Single Ventricles.Miller TA, Zak V, Shrader P, Ravishankar C, Pemberton VL, Newburger JW, Shillingford AJ, Dagincourt N, Cnota JF, Lambert LM, Sananes R, Richmond ME, Hsu DT, Miller SG, Zyblewski SC, Williams RV; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Miller TA, et al. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:220-225.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.041. Epub 2015 Oct 17. J Pediatr. 2016. PMID: 26490132 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- [Polymorphism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: molecular and epidemiogenetic aspects].Soubrier F. Soubrier F. Nephrologie. 1998;19(7):377-84. Nephrologie. 1998. PMID: 9857371 Review. French.
- Genetic basis of cardiovascular disease--the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as a paradigm.Padmanabhan N, Padmanabhan S, Connell JM. Padmanabhan N, et al. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000 Dec;1(4):316-24. doi: 10.3317/jraas.2000.060. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000. PMID: 11967817 Review. No abstract available.
- Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress in the Right Ventricle of Newborn Sheep Gestated under Chronic Hypoxia.Gonzaléz-Candia A, Arias PV, Aguilar SA, Figueroa EG, Reyes RV, Ebensperger G, Llanos AJ, Herrera EA. Gonzaléz-Candia A, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Oct 22;10(11):1658. doi: 10.3390/antiox10111658. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34829529 Free PMC article.
- Genetics of congenital heart disease: a narrative review of recent advances and clinical implications.Yasuhara J, Garg V. Yasuhara J, et al. Transl Pediatr. 2021 Sep;10(9):2366-2386. doi: 10.21037/tp-21-297. Transl Pediatr. 2021. PMID: 34733677 Free PMC article. Review.
- Activation of the M3AChR and Notch1/HSF1 Signaling Pathway by Choline Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis.Xu M, Bi XY, Xue XR, Lu XZ, Li QG, Jian Q, Sun JY. Xu M, et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Aug 30;2021:9979706. doi: 10.1155/2021/9979706. eCollection 2021. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021. PMID: 34504645 Free PMC article.
- The failing Fontan.Kumar TKS. Kumar TKS. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021 Jan;37(Suppl 1):82-90. doi: 10.1007/s12055-020-00931-2. Epub 2020 Mar 7. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021. PMID: 33603286 Free PMC article. Review.
- COVID's Razor: RAS Imbalance, the Common Denominator Across Disparate, Unexpected Aspects of COVID-19.Czick M, Shapter C, Shapter R. Czick M, et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Sep 11;13:3169-3192. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S265518. eCollection 2020. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020. PMID: 32982349 Free PMC article. Review.
- Comparative Study
- Multicenter Study
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Aldosterone / genetics
- Angiotensins / genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Genotype
- Growth Disorders / genetics
- Growth Disorders / metabolism
- Growth Disorders / physiopathology
- Heart Ventricles / abnormalities*
- Heart Ventricles / metabolism*
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Kidney Function Tests
- Male
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics
- Polymorphism, Genetic / genetics
- Renin / genetics
- Renin-Angiotensin System / genetics*
- Up-Regulation / genetics
- Ventricular Function / genetics*
- Ventricular Remodeling / genetics*
- Angiotensins
- Aldosterone
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- Renin
- ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00113087
- HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL109673/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- Full Text Sources
- Medical
NCBI Literature Resources
The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.
National Library of Medicine
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20894
![Figure 2](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f2a.jpg)
![Figure 2](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f2b.jpg)
![Figure 2](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f2c.jpg)
![Figure 3](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f3a.jpg)
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and (c) head circumference z-scores at baseline i.e. enrollment,…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and (c) head circumference z-scores at baseline i.e. enrollment,…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences in growth z-scores between the enalapril and placebo…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences in growth z-scores between the enalapril and placebo…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
- Enalapril in infants with single ventricle: results of a multicenter randomized trial.Hsu DT, Zak V, Mahony L, Sleeper LA, Atz AM, Levine JC, Barker PC, Ravishankar C, McCrindle BW, Williams RV, Altmann K, Ghanayem NS, Margossian R, Chung WK, Border WL, Pearson GD, Stylianou MP, Mital S; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Hsu DT, et al. Circulation. 2010 Jul 27;122(4):333-40. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927988. Epub 2010 Jul 12. Circulation. 2010. PMID: 20625111 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- Renin-angiotensin aldosterone profile before and after angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor administration in dogs with angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism.Adin D, Atkins C, Domenig O, DeFrancesco T, Keene B, Tou S, Stern JA, Meurs KM. Adin D, et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2020 Mar;34(2):600-606. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15746. Epub 2020 Feb 29. J Vet Intern Med. 2020. PMID: 32112596 Free PMC article.
- Growth Asymmetry, Head Circumference, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants with Single Ventricles.Miller TA, Zak V, Shrader P, Ravishankar C, Pemberton VL, Newburger JW, Shillingford AJ, Dagincourt N, Cnota JF, Lambert LM, Sananes R, Richmond ME, Hsu DT, Miller SG, Zyblewski SC, Williams RV; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Miller TA, et al. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:220-225.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.041. Epub 2015 Oct 17. J Pediatr. 2016. PMID: 26490132 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- [Polymorphism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: molecular and epidemiogenetic aspects].Soubrier F. Soubrier F. Nephrologie. 1998;19(7):377-84. Nephrologie. 1998. PMID: 9857371 Review. French.
- Genetic basis of cardiovascular disease--the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as a paradigm.Padmanabhan N, Padmanabhan S, Connell JM. Padmanabhan N, et al. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000 Dec;1(4):316-24. doi: 10.3317/jraas.2000.060. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000. PMID: 11967817 Review. No abstract available.
- Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress in the Right Ventricle of Newborn Sheep Gestated under Chronic Hypoxia.Gonzaléz-Candia A, Arias PV, Aguilar SA, Figueroa EG, Reyes RV, Ebensperger G, Llanos AJ, Herrera EA. Gonzaléz-Candia A, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Oct 22;10(11):1658. doi: 10.3390/antiox10111658. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34829529 Free PMC article.
- Genetics of congenital heart disease: a narrative review of recent advances and clinical implications.Yasuhara J, Garg V. Yasuhara J, et al. Transl Pediatr. 2021 Sep;10(9):2366-2386. doi: 10.21037/tp-21-297. Transl Pediatr. 2021. PMID: 34733677 Free PMC article. Review.
- Activation of the M3AChR and Notch1/HSF1 Signaling Pathway by Choline Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis.Xu M, Bi XY, Xue XR, Lu XZ, Li QG, Jian Q, Sun JY. Xu M, et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Aug 30;2021:9979706. doi: 10.1155/2021/9979706. eCollection 2021. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021. PMID: 34504645 Free PMC article.
- The failing Fontan.Kumar TKS. Kumar TKS. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021 Jan;37(Suppl 1):82-90. doi: 10.1007/s12055-020-00931-2. Epub 2020 Mar 7. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021. PMID: 33603286 Free PMC article. Review.
- COVID's Razor: RAS Imbalance, the Common Denominator Across Disparate, Unexpected Aspects of COVID-19.Czick M, Shapter C, Shapter R. Czick M, et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Sep 11;13:3169-3192. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S265518. eCollection 2020. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020. PMID: 32982349 Free PMC article. Review.
- Comparative Study
- Multicenter Study
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Aldosterone / genetics
- Angiotensins / genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Genotype
- Growth Disorders / genetics
- Growth Disorders / metabolism
- Growth Disorders / physiopathology
- Heart Ventricles / abnormalities*
- Heart Ventricles / metabolism*
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Kidney Function Tests
- Male
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics
- Polymorphism, Genetic / genetics
- Renin / genetics
- Renin-Angiotensin System / genetics*
- Up-Regulation / genetics
- Ventricular Function / genetics*
- Ventricular Remodeling / genetics*
- Angiotensins
- Aldosterone
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- Renin
- ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00113087
- HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL109673/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
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The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.
National Library of Medicine
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![Figure 3](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f3b.jpg)
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and…
Figure 3
(a) Weight, (b) height, and (c) head circumference z-scores at baseline i.e. enrollment,…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences in growth z-scores between the enalapril and placebo…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences in growth z-scores between the enalapril and placebo…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
- Enalapril in infants with single ventricle: results of a multicenter randomized trial.Hsu DT, Zak V, Mahony L, Sleeper LA, Atz AM, Levine JC, Barker PC, Ravishankar C, McCrindle BW, Williams RV, Altmann K, Ghanayem NS, Margossian R, Chung WK, Border WL, Pearson GD, Stylianou MP, Mital S; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Hsu DT, et al. Circulation. 2010 Jul 27;122(4):333-40. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927988. Epub 2010 Jul 12. Circulation. 2010. PMID: 20625111 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- Renin-angiotensin aldosterone profile before and after angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor administration in dogs with angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism.Adin D, Atkins C, Domenig O, DeFrancesco T, Keene B, Tou S, Stern JA, Meurs KM. Adin D, et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2020 Mar;34(2):600-606. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15746. Epub 2020 Feb 29. J Vet Intern Med. 2020. PMID: 32112596 Free PMC article.
- Growth Asymmetry, Head Circumference, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants with Single Ventricles.Miller TA, Zak V, Shrader P, Ravishankar C, Pemberton VL, Newburger JW, Shillingford AJ, Dagincourt N, Cnota JF, Lambert LM, Sananes R, Richmond ME, Hsu DT, Miller SG, Zyblewski SC, Williams RV; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Miller TA, et al. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:220-225.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.041. Epub 2015 Oct 17. J Pediatr. 2016. PMID: 26490132 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- [Polymorphism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: molecular and epidemiogenetic aspects].Soubrier F. Soubrier F. Nephrologie. 1998;19(7):377-84. Nephrologie. 1998. PMID: 9857371 Review. French.
- Genetic basis of cardiovascular disease--the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as a paradigm.Padmanabhan N, Padmanabhan S, Connell JM. Padmanabhan N, et al. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000 Dec;1(4):316-24. doi: 10.3317/jraas.2000.060. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000. PMID: 11967817 Review. No abstract available.
- Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress in the Right Ventricle of Newborn Sheep Gestated under Chronic Hypoxia.Gonzaléz-Candia A, Arias PV, Aguilar SA, Figueroa EG, Reyes RV, Ebensperger G, Llanos AJ, Herrera EA. Gonzaléz-Candia A, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Oct 22;10(11):1658. doi: 10.3390/antiox10111658. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34829529 Free PMC article.
- Genetics of congenital heart disease: a narrative review of recent advances and clinical implications.Yasuhara J, Garg V. Yasuhara J, et al. Transl Pediatr. 2021 Sep;10(9):2366-2386. doi: 10.21037/tp-21-297. Transl Pediatr. 2021. PMID: 34733677 Free PMC article. Review.
- Activation of the M3AChR and Notch1/HSF1 Signaling Pathway by Choline Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis.Xu M, Bi XY, Xue XR, Lu XZ, Li QG, Jian Q, Sun JY. Xu M, et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Aug 30;2021:9979706. doi: 10.1155/2021/9979706. eCollection 2021. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021. PMID: 34504645 Free PMC article.
- The failing Fontan.Kumar TKS. Kumar TKS. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021 Jan;37(Suppl 1):82-90. doi: 10.1007/s12055-020-00931-2. Epub 2020 Mar 7. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021. PMID: 33603286 Free PMC article. Review.
- COVID's Razor: RAS Imbalance, the Common Denominator Across Disparate, Unexpected Aspects of COVID-19.Czick M, Shapter C, Shapter R. Czick M, et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Sep 11;13:3169-3192. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S265518. eCollection 2020. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020. PMID: 32982349 Free PMC article. Review.
- Comparative Study
- Multicenter Study
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Aldosterone / genetics
- Angiotensins / genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Genotype
- Growth Disorders / genetics
- Growth Disorders / metabolism
- Growth Disorders / physiopathology
- Heart Ventricles / abnormalities*
- Heart Ventricles / metabolism*
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Kidney Function Tests
- Male
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics
- Polymorphism, Genetic / genetics
- Renin / genetics
- Renin-Angiotensin System / genetics*
- Up-Regulation / genetics
- Ventricular Function / genetics*
- Ventricular Remodeling / genetics*
- Angiotensins
- Aldosterone
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- Renin
- ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00113087
- HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL109673/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- Full Text Sources
- Medical
NCBI Literature Resources
The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.
National Library of Medicine
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20894
![Figure 3](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f3c.jpg)
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences in growth z-scores between the enalapril and placebo…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences in growth z-scores between the enalapril and placebo…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
- Enalapril in infants with single ventricle: results of a multicenter randomized trial.Hsu DT, Zak V, Mahony L, Sleeper LA, Atz AM, Levine JC, Barker PC, Ravishankar C, McCrindle BW, Williams RV, Altmann K, Ghanayem NS, Margossian R, Chung WK, Border WL, Pearson GD, Stylianou MP, Mital S; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Hsu DT, et al. Circulation. 2010 Jul 27;122(4):333-40. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927988. Epub 2010 Jul 12. Circulation. 2010. PMID: 20625111 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- Renin-angiotensin aldosterone profile before and after angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor administration in dogs with angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism.Adin D, Atkins C, Domenig O, DeFrancesco T, Keene B, Tou S, Stern JA, Meurs KM. Adin D, et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2020 Mar;34(2):600-606. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15746. Epub 2020 Feb 29. J Vet Intern Med. 2020. PMID: 32112596 Free PMC article.
- Growth Asymmetry, Head Circumference, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants with Single Ventricles.Miller TA, Zak V, Shrader P, Ravishankar C, Pemberton VL, Newburger JW, Shillingford AJ, Dagincourt N, Cnota JF, Lambert LM, Sananes R, Richmond ME, Hsu DT, Miller SG, Zyblewski SC, Williams RV; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Miller TA, et al. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:220-225.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.041. Epub 2015 Oct 17. J Pediatr. 2016. PMID: 26490132 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- [Polymorphism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: molecular and epidemiogenetic aspects].Soubrier F. Soubrier F. Nephrologie. 1998;19(7):377-84. Nephrologie. 1998. PMID: 9857371 Review. French.
- Genetic basis of cardiovascular disease--the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as a paradigm.Padmanabhan N, Padmanabhan S, Connell JM. Padmanabhan N, et al. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000 Dec;1(4):316-24. doi: 10.3317/jraas.2000.060. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000. PMID: 11967817 Review. No abstract available.
- Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress in the Right Ventricle of Newborn Sheep Gestated under Chronic Hypoxia.Gonzaléz-Candia A, Arias PV, Aguilar SA, Figueroa EG, Reyes RV, Ebensperger G, Llanos AJ, Herrera EA. Gonzaléz-Candia A, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Oct 22;10(11):1658. doi: 10.3390/antiox10111658. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34829529 Free PMC article.
- Genetics of congenital heart disease: a narrative review of recent advances and clinical implications.Yasuhara J, Garg V. Yasuhara J, et al. Transl Pediatr. 2021 Sep;10(9):2366-2386. doi: 10.21037/tp-21-297. Transl Pediatr. 2021. PMID: 34733677 Free PMC article. Review.
- Activation of the M3AChR and Notch1/HSF1 Signaling Pathway by Choline Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis.Xu M, Bi XY, Xue XR, Lu XZ, Li QG, Jian Q, Sun JY. Xu M, et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Aug 30;2021:9979706. doi: 10.1155/2021/9979706. eCollection 2021. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021. PMID: 34504645 Free PMC article.
- The failing Fontan.Kumar TKS. Kumar TKS. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021 Jan;37(Suppl 1):82-90. doi: 10.1007/s12055-020-00931-2. Epub 2020 Mar 7. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021. PMID: 33603286 Free PMC article. Review.
- COVID's Razor: RAS Imbalance, the Common Denominator Across Disparate, Unexpected Aspects of COVID-19.Czick M, Shapter C, Shapter R. Czick M, et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Sep 11;13:3169-3192. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S265518. eCollection 2020. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020. PMID: 32982349 Free PMC article. Review.
- Comparative Study
- Multicenter Study
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Aldosterone / genetics
- Angiotensins / genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Genotype
- Growth Disorders / genetics
- Growth Disorders / metabolism
- Growth Disorders / physiopathology
- Heart Ventricles / abnormalities*
- Heart Ventricles / metabolism*
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Kidney Function Tests
- Male
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics
- Polymorphism, Genetic / genetics
- Renin / genetics
- Renin-Angiotensin System / genetics*
- Up-Regulation / genetics
- Ventricular Function / genetics*
- Ventricular Remodeling / genetics*
- Angiotensins
- Aldosterone
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- Renin
- ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00113087
- HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL109673/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- Full Text Sources
- Medical
NCBI Literature Resources
The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.
National Library of Medicine
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20894
![Figure 4](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f4a.jpg)
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences…
Figure 4
This figure shows the differences in growth z-scores between the enalapril and placebo…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
- Enalapril in infants with single ventricle: results of a multicenter randomized trial.Hsu DT, Zak V, Mahony L, Sleeper LA, Atz AM, Levine JC, Barker PC, Ravishankar C, McCrindle BW, Williams RV, Altmann K, Ghanayem NS, Margossian R, Chung WK, Border WL, Pearson GD, Stylianou MP, Mital S; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Hsu DT, et al. Circulation. 2010 Jul 27;122(4):333-40. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927988. Epub 2010 Jul 12. Circulation. 2010. PMID: 20625111 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- Renin-angiotensin aldosterone profile before and after angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor administration in dogs with angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism.Adin D, Atkins C, Domenig O, DeFrancesco T, Keene B, Tou S, Stern JA, Meurs KM. Adin D, et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2020 Mar;34(2):600-606. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15746. Epub 2020 Feb 29. J Vet Intern Med. 2020. PMID: 32112596 Free PMC article.
- Growth Asymmetry, Head Circumference, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants with Single Ventricles.Miller TA, Zak V, Shrader P, Ravishankar C, Pemberton VL, Newburger JW, Shillingford AJ, Dagincourt N, Cnota JF, Lambert LM, Sananes R, Richmond ME, Hsu DT, Miller SG, Zyblewski SC, Williams RV; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Miller TA, et al. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:220-225.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.041. Epub 2015 Oct 17. J Pediatr. 2016. PMID: 26490132 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- [Polymorphism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: molecular and epidemiogenetic aspects].Soubrier F. Soubrier F. Nephrologie. 1998;19(7):377-84. Nephrologie. 1998. PMID: 9857371 Review. French.
- Genetic basis of cardiovascular disease--the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as a paradigm.Padmanabhan N, Padmanabhan S, Connell JM. Padmanabhan N, et al. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000 Dec;1(4):316-24. doi: 10.3317/jraas.2000.060. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000. PMID: 11967817 Review. No abstract available.
- Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress in the Right Ventricle of Newborn Sheep Gestated under Chronic Hypoxia.Gonzaléz-Candia A, Arias PV, Aguilar SA, Figueroa EG, Reyes RV, Ebensperger G, Llanos AJ, Herrera EA. Gonzaléz-Candia A, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Oct 22;10(11):1658. doi: 10.3390/antiox10111658. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34829529 Free PMC article.
- Genetics of congenital heart disease: a narrative review of recent advances and clinical implications.Yasuhara J, Garg V. Yasuhara J, et al. Transl Pediatr. 2021 Sep;10(9):2366-2386. doi: 10.21037/tp-21-297. Transl Pediatr. 2021. PMID: 34733677 Free PMC article. Review.
- Activation of the M3AChR and Notch1/HSF1 Signaling Pathway by Choline Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis.Xu M, Bi XY, Xue XR, Lu XZ, Li QG, Jian Q, Sun JY. Xu M, et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Aug 30;2021:9979706. doi: 10.1155/2021/9979706. eCollection 2021. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021. PMID: 34504645 Free PMC article.
- The failing Fontan.Kumar TKS. Kumar TKS. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021 Jan;37(Suppl 1):82-90. doi: 10.1007/s12055-020-00931-2. Epub 2020 Mar 7. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021. PMID: 33603286 Free PMC article. Review.
- COVID's Razor: RAS Imbalance, the Common Denominator Across Disparate, Unexpected Aspects of COVID-19.Czick M, Shapter C, Shapter R. Czick M, et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Sep 11;13:3169-3192. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S265518. eCollection 2020. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020. PMID: 32982349 Free PMC article. Review.
- Comparative Study
- Multicenter Study
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Aldosterone / genetics
- Angiotensins / genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Genotype
- Growth Disorders / genetics
- Growth Disorders / metabolism
- Growth Disorders / physiopathology
- Heart Ventricles / abnormalities*
- Heart Ventricles / metabolism*
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Kidney Function Tests
- Male
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics
- Polymorphism, Genetic / genetics
- Renin / genetics
- Renin-Angiotensin System / genetics*
- Up-Regulation / genetics
- Ventricular Function / genetics*
- Ventricular Remodeling / genetics*
- Angiotensins
- Aldosterone
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- Renin
- ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00113087
- HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL109673/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- Full Text Sources
- Medical
NCBI Literature Resources
The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited.
National Library of Medicine
8600 Rockville Pike
Bethesda, MD 20894
![Figure 4](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f4b.jpg)
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
- Enalapril in infants with single ventricle: results of a multicenter randomized trial.Hsu DT, Zak V, Mahony L, Sleeper LA, Atz AM, Levine JC, Barker PC, Ravishankar C, McCrindle BW, Williams RV, Altmann K, Ghanayem NS, Margossian R, Chung WK, Border WL, Pearson GD, Stylianou MP, Mital S; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Hsu DT, et al. Circulation. 2010 Jul 27;122(4):333-40. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927988. Epub 2010 Jul 12. Circulation. 2010. PMID: 20625111 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- Renin-angiotensin aldosterone profile before and after angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor administration in dogs with angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism.Adin D, Atkins C, Domenig O, DeFrancesco T, Keene B, Tou S, Stern JA, Meurs KM. Adin D, et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2020 Mar;34(2):600-606. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15746. Epub 2020 Feb 29. J Vet Intern Med. 2020. PMID: 32112596 Free PMC article.
- Growth Asymmetry, Head Circumference, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants with Single Ventricles.Miller TA, Zak V, Shrader P, Ravishankar C, Pemberton VL, Newburger JW, Shillingford AJ, Dagincourt N, Cnota JF, Lambert LM, Sananes R, Richmond ME, Hsu DT, Miller SG, Zyblewski SC, Williams RV; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Miller TA, et al. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:220-225.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.041. Epub 2015 Oct 17. J Pediatr. 2016. PMID: 26490132 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- [Polymorphism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: molecular and epidemiogenetic aspects].Soubrier F. Soubrier F. Nephrologie. 1998;19(7):377-84. Nephrologie. 1998. PMID: 9857371 Review. French.
- Genetic basis of cardiovascular disease--the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as a paradigm.Padmanabhan N, Padmanabhan S, Connell JM. Padmanabhan N, et al. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000 Dec;1(4):316-24. doi: 10.3317/jraas.2000.060. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000. PMID: 11967817 Review. No abstract available.
- Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress in the Right Ventricle of Newborn Sheep Gestated under Chronic Hypoxia.Gonzaléz-Candia A, Arias PV, Aguilar SA, Figueroa EG, Reyes RV, Ebensperger G, Llanos AJ, Herrera EA. Gonzaléz-Candia A, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Oct 22;10(11):1658. doi: 10.3390/antiox10111658. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34829529 Free PMC article.
- Genetics of congenital heart disease: a narrative review of recent advances and clinical implications.Yasuhara J, Garg V. Yasuhara J, et al. Transl Pediatr. 2021 Sep;10(9):2366-2386. doi: 10.21037/tp-21-297. Transl Pediatr. 2021. PMID: 34733677 Free PMC article. Review.
- Activation of the M3AChR and Notch1/HSF1 Signaling Pathway by Choline Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis.Xu M, Bi XY, Xue XR, Lu XZ, Li QG, Jian Q, Sun JY. Xu M, et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Aug 30;2021:9979706. doi: 10.1155/2021/9979706. eCollection 2021. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021. PMID: 34504645 Free PMC article.
- The failing Fontan.Kumar TKS. Kumar TKS. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021 Jan;37(Suppl 1):82-90. doi: 10.1007/s12055-020-00931-2. Epub 2020 Mar 7. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021. PMID: 33603286 Free PMC article. Review.
- COVID's Razor: RAS Imbalance, the Common Denominator Across Disparate, Unexpected Aspects of COVID-19.Czick M, Shapter C, Shapter R. Czick M, et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Sep 11;13:3169-3192. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S265518. eCollection 2020. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020. PMID: 32982349 Free PMC article. Review.
- Comparative Study
- Multicenter Study
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Aldosterone / genetics
- Angiotensins / genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Genotype
- Growth Disorders / genetics
- Growth Disorders / metabolism
- Growth Disorders / physiopathology
- Heart Ventricles / abnormalities*
- Heart Ventricles / metabolism*
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Kidney Function Tests
- Male
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics
- Polymorphism, Genetic / genetics
- Renin / genetics
- Renin-Angiotensin System / genetics*
- Up-Regulation / genetics
- Ventricular Function / genetics*
- Ventricular Remodeling / genetics*
- Angiotensins
- Aldosterone
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- Renin
- ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00113087
- HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL109673/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- Full Text Sources
- Medical
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![Figure 5](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f5a.jpg)
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard…
Figure 5
(a) Mean change ± standard error in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) (14…
- Enalapril in infants with single ventricle: results of a multicenter randomized trial.Hsu DT, Zak V, Mahony L, Sleeper LA, Atz AM, Levine JC, Barker PC, Ravishankar C, McCrindle BW, Williams RV, Altmann K, Ghanayem NS, Margossian R, Chung WK, Border WL, Pearson GD, Stylianou MP, Mital S; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Hsu DT, et al. Circulation. 2010 Jul 27;122(4):333-40. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.927988. Epub 2010 Jul 12. Circulation. 2010. PMID: 20625111 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- Renin-angiotensin aldosterone profile before and after angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor administration in dogs with angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism.Adin D, Atkins C, Domenig O, DeFrancesco T, Keene B, Tou S, Stern JA, Meurs KM. Adin D, et al. J Vet Intern Med. 2020 Mar;34(2):600-606. doi: 10.1111/jvim.15746. Epub 2020 Feb 29. J Vet Intern Med. 2020. PMID: 32112596 Free PMC article.
- Growth Asymmetry, Head Circumference, and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Infants with Single Ventricles.Miller TA, Zak V, Shrader P, Ravishankar C, Pemberton VL, Newburger JW, Shillingford AJ, Dagincourt N, Cnota JF, Lambert LM, Sananes R, Richmond ME, Hsu DT, Miller SG, Zyblewski SC, Williams RV; Pediatric Heart Network Investigators. Miller TA, et al. J Pediatr. 2016 Jan;168:220-225.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2015.09.041. Epub 2015 Oct 17. J Pediatr. 2016. PMID: 26490132 Free PMC article. Clinical Trial.
- [Polymorphism of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system: molecular and epidemiogenetic aspects].Soubrier F. Soubrier F. Nephrologie. 1998;19(7):377-84. Nephrologie. 1998. PMID: 9857371 Review. French.
- Genetic basis of cardiovascular disease--the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system as a paradigm.Padmanabhan N, Padmanabhan S, Connell JM. Padmanabhan N, et al. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000 Dec;1(4):316-24. doi: 10.3317/jraas.2000.060. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2000. PMID: 11967817 Review. No abstract available.
- Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress in the Right Ventricle of Newborn Sheep Gestated under Chronic Hypoxia.Gonzaléz-Candia A, Arias PV, Aguilar SA, Figueroa EG, Reyes RV, Ebensperger G, Llanos AJ, Herrera EA. Gonzaléz-Candia A, et al. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021 Oct 22;10(11):1658. doi: 10.3390/antiox10111658. Antioxidants (Basel). 2021. PMID: 34829529 Free PMC article.
- Genetics of congenital heart disease: a narrative review of recent advances and clinical implications.Yasuhara J, Garg V. Yasuhara J, et al. Transl Pediatr. 2021 Sep;10(9):2366-2386. doi: 10.21037/tp-21-297. Transl Pediatr. 2021. PMID: 34733677 Free PMC article. Review.
- Activation of the M3AChR and Notch1/HSF1 Signaling Pathway by Choline Alleviates Angiotensin II-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis.Xu M, Bi XY, Xue XR, Lu XZ, Li QG, Jian Q, Sun JY. Xu M, et al. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021 Aug 30;2021:9979706. doi: 10.1155/2021/9979706. eCollection 2021. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2021. PMID: 34504645 Free PMC article.
- The failing Fontan.Kumar TKS. Kumar TKS. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021 Jan;37(Suppl 1):82-90. doi: 10.1007/s12055-020-00931-2. Epub 2020 Mar 7. Indian J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2021. PMID: 33603286 Free PMC article. Review.
- COVID's Razor: RAS Imbalance, the Common Denominator Across Disparate, Unexpected Aspects of COVID-19.Czick M, Shapter C, Shapter R. Czick M, et al. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020 Sep 11;13:3169-3192. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S265518. eCollection 2020. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2020. PMID: 32982349 Free PMC article. Review.
- Comparative Study
- Multicenter Study
- Randomized Controlled Trial
- Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
- Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
- Aldosterone / genetics
- Angiotensins / genetics
- Cohort Studies
- Double-Blind Method
- Female
- Genotype
- Growth Disorders / genetics
- Growth Disorders / metabolism
- Growth Disorders / physiopathology
- Heart Ventricles / abnormalities*
- Heart Ventricles / metabolism*
- Humans
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Kidney Function Tests
- Male
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / genetics
- Polymorphism, Genetic / genetics
- Renin / genetics
- Renin-Angiotensin System / genetics*
- Up-Regulation / genetics
- Ventricular Function / genetics*
- Ventricular Remodeling / genetics*
- Angiotensins
- Aldosterone
- Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A
- Renin
- ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT00113087
- HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068290-06/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068279/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068288/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL085057/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068281/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068269/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068270/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068290/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U10 HL109673/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- U01 HL068285/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- HL068292/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/United States
- Full Text Sources
- Medical
![Figure 5](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/3137902/bin/nihms295436f5b.jpg)
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