Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis defects with two different xenograft granules: A randomized clinical pilot study

Angeliki Polymeri, David Anssari-Moin, Joyce van der Horst, Daniel Wismeijer, Marja L Laine, Bruno G Loos, Angeliki Polymeri, David Anssari-Moin, Joyce van der Horst, Daniel Wismeijer, Marja L Laine, Bruno G Loos

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate whether xenograft EB (EndoBon) is non-inferior to xenograft BO (Bio-Oss) when used in reconstructive surgery of peri-implant osseous defects.

Materials and methods: Dental patients with one implant each demonstrating peri-implantitis were randomized to receive surgical debridement and defect fill with either BO or EB. Changes in bone level (BL) and intrabony defect depth (IDD) evaluated radiographically were the primary outcomes. The secondary outcomes included changes in probing pocket depth (PPD), bleeding on probing (BoP), and suppuration on probing (SoP). All outcomes were recorded before treatment and at 6 and 12 months post-treatment.

Results: Twenty-four patients (n = 11 BO, n = 13 EB) completed the study. Both groups demonstrated significant within-group improvements in all clinical and radiographic parameters at 6 and 12 months (p ≤ .001). At 12 months, both groups presented with IDD reductions of 2.5-3.0 mm on average. The inter-group differences were not statistically significant at all time points and for all the examined parameters (p > .05). While the radiographic defect fill in both groups exceeded > 1 mm and can be considered treatment success, successful treatment outcomes as defined by Consensus Reporting (no further bone loss, PPD ≤ 5 mm, no BOP, and no SoP) were identified in 2/11 (18%) BO and 0/13 (0%) EB individuals (Fisher's exact test, p = .199).

Conclusions: Within the limitations of this pilot study, the application of xenograft EB showed to be non-inferior to xenograft BO when used in reconstructive surgery of peri-implant osseous defects.

Keywords: bone substitute; defect reduction; peri-implantitis; pilot study; radiographic evaluation; surgical treatment.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors claim to have no financial interest, either directly or indirectly, in the products or information listed in the article.

© 2020 The Authors. Clinical Oral Implants Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Consort diagram of patient distribution
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Radiographic assessment of: (a) bone level (red line) and (b) intrabony defect depth (green line) at baseline, 6 and 12 months after treatment at an implant treated with BO (a‐c) and EB (d‐f)
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Radiographic and clinical parameters around the implants at baseline, 6 months and 12 months after treatment in both groups. There were no statistically significant differences between BO and EB in any of the parameters that were examined. The error bars represent the standard deviations (SD).
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Changes in radiographic and clinical parameters around the implants from baseline to 6 and 12 months after treatment in both groups. No inter‐group differences were found in any parameter. The asterisks (*) represent statistical significant within‐group differences (p < .001) from baseline to the 6‐ and 12‐month time points in all parameters. The error bars represent the standard deviations (SD).

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