Long Chain n-3 Fatty Acids Improve Depression Syndrome in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Maryam Mazaherioun, Ahmad Saedisomeolia, Mohammad Hassan Javanbakht, Fariba Koohdani, Mahnaz Zarei, Samaneh Ansari, Fatemeh Khoshkhoo Bazargani, Mahmoud Djalali, Maryam Mazaherioun, Ahmad Saedisomeolia, Mohammad Hassan Javanbakht, Fariba Koohdani, Mahnaz Zarei, Samaneh Ansari, Fatemeh Khoshkhoo Bazargani, Mahmoud Djalali

Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is commonly associated with depressive symptoms, which affect prognosis and quality of life. We investigated the antidepressant effects of n-3 fatty acids (n-3FAs) monotherapy (without conventional antidepressants) for T2DM patients with mild to moderate depressive symptoms.

Methods: A 10-wk, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group (1:1 ratio) randomized trial of n-3FAs (2700 mg/day EPA: DHA ratio=2) versus placebo in 88 Iranian diabetic patients with mild to moderate depression based on Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II-PERSIAN) was conducted. This study started from July 2014 to January 2015 in Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. The primary event was defined as worsened, non-changed, or inconsiderably improved depression (<5 unit decrease in BDI-II-PERSIAN depression scores after treatment) (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02261545).

Results: Randomly, 44 T2DM patients were treated with n-3FAs supplements and 44 cases received placebo (three patients discontinued). n-3FAs could significantly protect patients against the aforesaid event and exhibit satisfactory prevention (number needed to treat with 95% confidence interval: 2.52, 1.71-4.74). No serious adverse reactions were reported.

Conclusion: n-3FAs supplementation had significant antidepressant effects in T2DM patients with mild to moderate depressive symptoms, not confounded by metabolic factors and disease duration.

Keywords: Depression; Randomized controlled trial; Type 2 diabetes mellitus; n-3 fatty acids.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest The authors declared no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1:
Fig. 1:
Changes in BDI-II scores of patients with type II diabetes mellitus before and after intervention

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Source: PubMed

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