Breastfeeding Discontinuation Not Associated with Maternal Pregravid BMI But Associated with Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander Race in Hawaii and Puerto Rico WIC Participants

Abstract

Objectives This study investigated the association between maternal pregravid body mass index (BMI) and breastfeeding discontinuation at 4-6 months postpartum in Hawaii and Puerto Rico participants from the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Methods A secondary data analysis was conducted from a text message-based intervention in WIC participants in Hawaii and Puerto Rico. The analysis included 87 women from the control group who initiated breastfeeding and whose breastfeeding status was known at the end of the study when infants were 4-6 months old. Pregravid BMI and breastfeeding discontinuation were assessed using questionnaires. Results The association between pregravid BMI and breastfeeding discontinuation was not significant in the unadjusted model or in the adjusted model. Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI) participants showed significantly increased odds of discontinuing breastfeeding (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 7.12; 95% CI 1.34, 37.97; p = .02) compared to all the other racial/ethnic participants, as did older women ages 32-39 years versus women who were 25-31 years old (AOR 4.21; 95% CI 1.13, 15.72; p = .03). Women who took vitamins while breastfeeding had decreased odds of discontinuing breastfeeding (AOR 0.15; 95% CI 0.05, 0.46; p = .0009). Conclusions for Practice Pregravid BMI was not significantly associated with breastfeeding discontinuation at 4-6 months postpartum in women from Hawaii and Puerto Rico WIC, but NHOPIs and women who were older had higher odds of discontinuing breastfeeding. The results of this study may inform strategies for breastfeeding promotion and childhood obesity prevention but should be further investigated in larger studies. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02903186.

Keywords: BMI; Breastfeeding; Low income; Pregravid; WIC.

Conflict of interest statement

Compliance with Ethical Standards

Conflict of interest The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1

Final analysis group and participants lost to follow-up for a secondary data analysis of pregravid BMI and breastfeeding discontinuation