Genes that Control Vaccinia Virus Immunogenicity

S N Shchelkunov, G A Shchelkunova, S N Shchelkunov, G A Shchelkunova

Abstract

The live smallpox vaccine was a historical first and highly effective vaccine. However, along with high immunogenicity, the vaccinia virus (VACV) caused serious side effects in vaccinees, sometimes with lethal outcomes. Therefore, after global eradication of smallpox, VACV vaccination was stopped. For this reason, most of the human population worldwide lacks specific immunity against not only smallpox, but also other zoonotic orthopoxviruses. Outbreaks of diseases caused by these viruses have increasingly occurred in humans on different continents. However, use of the classical live VACV vaccine for prevention against these diseases is unacceptable because of potential serious side effects, especially in individuals with suppressed immunity or immunodeficiency (e.g., HIV-infected patients). Therefore, highly attenuated VACV variants that preserve their immunogenicity are needed. This review discusses current ideas about the development of a humoral and cellular immune response to orthopoxvirus infection/vaccination and describes genetic engineering approaches that could be utilized to generate safe and highly immunogenic live VACV vaccines.

Keywords: immune modulating proteins; immunogenicity; protectiveness; smallpox; vaccination.

Copyright ® 2020 National Research University Higher School of Economics.

Figures

Figure
Figure
Morphology of intracellular mature (IMV) and extracellular enveloped (EEV) orthopoxvirus virions [14] (ViralZone 2008, with permission from the SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics)

References

    1. Fenner F., Henderson D.A., Arita I., Jezek Z., Ladnyi I.D. Smallpox and Its Eradication. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1988. 1460 p. 1998.
    1. Esparza J., Schrick L., Damaso C.R., Nitsche A.. Vaccine. 2017;35:7222–7230.
    1. Shchelkunov S.N., Marennikova S.S., Moyer R.W. Orthopoxviruses pathogenic for humans. New York: Springer, 2005. 425 p. 2005.
    1. Downie A.W., Br. J. Exp. Pathol. 1939;20:158–176.
    1. Tulman E.R., Delhon G., Afonso C.L., Lu Z., Zsak L., Sandybaev N.T., Kerembekova U.Z., Zaitsev V.L., Kutish G.F., Rock D.L., Virology Journal. 2006;80:9244–9258.
    1. Shchelkunov S.N.. PLoS Pathog. 2013;9:e1003756.
    1. Kennedy R.B., Ovsyannikova I.G., Jacobson R.M., Poland G.A.. Curr. Opin. Immunol. 2009;21:314–320.
    1. Moss B.. Immunol. Rev. 2011;239:8–26.
    1. Albarnaz J.D., Torres A.A., Smith G.L.. Viruses. 2018;10:e101.
    1. Shchelkunov S.N.. Virus Genes. 1995;10:53–71.
    1. Shchelkunov S.N., Safronov P.F., Totmenin A.V., Petrov N.A., Ryazankina O.I., Gutorov V.V., Kotwal G.J.. Virology. 1998;243:432–460.
    1. Shchelkunov S.N., Totmenin A.V., Loparev V.N., Safronov P.F., Gutorov V.V., Chizhikov V.E., Knight J.C., Parsons J.M., Massung R.F., Esposito J.J.. Virology. 2000;266:361–386.
    1. Shchelkunov S.N., Totmenin A.V., Safronov P.F., Mikheev M.V., Gutorov V.V., Ryazankina O.I., Petrov N.A., Babkin I.V., Uvarova E.A., Sandakhchiev L.S., Virology. 2002;509:66–70.
    1. Le Mercier P.. . Nucleic Acids Res. 2011;39:D576–D582.
    1. Condit R.C., Moussatche N., Traktman P.. Adv. Virus. Res. 2006;66:31–124.
    1. Yoder J.D., Chen T.S., Garnier C.R., Vemulapalli S., Maier C.S., Hruby D.E., Virology Journal. 2006;3:e10.
    1. Chung C.S., Chen C.H., Ho M.Y., Huang C.Y., Liao C.L., Chang W., Virology Journal. 2006;80:2127–2140.
    1. Resch W., Hixson K.K., Moore R.J., Lipton M.S., Moss D.. Virology. 2007;358:233–247.
    1. Forsyth K.S., DeHaven B., Mendoca M., Paul S., Sette A., Eisenlohr L.C.. J. Immunol. 2019;202:1340–1349.
    1. Belyakov I.M., Earl P., Dzutsev A., Kuznetsov V.A., Lemon M., Wyatt L.S., Snyder J.T., Ahlers J.D., Franchini G., Moss B.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2003;100:9458–9463.
    1. Mack T.M., Noble J., Thomas D.B.. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 1972;21:214–218.
    1. Chaudhri G., Panchanathan V., Bluethmann H., Karupiah G., Virology Journal. 2006;80:6339–6344.
    1. Aldaz-Carroll L., Xiao Y., Whitbeck J.C., de Leon M.P., Lou H., Kim M., Yu J., Reinherz E.L., Isaacs S.N., Eisenberg R.J., Virology Journal. 2007;81:8131–8139.
    1. Huw Davies D., Molina D.M., Wrammer J., Miller J., Hirst S., Mu Y., Pablo J., Unal B., Nakajima-Sasaki R., Liang X.. Proteomics. 2007;7:1678–1686.
    1. Benhnia M.R., McCausland M.M., Su H., Singh K., Hoffmann J., Davies D.H., Felgner P.L., Head S., Sette A., Garboczi D.N., Virology Journal. 2008;82:3751–3768.
    1. Moutaftsi M., Tscharke D.C., Vaughan K., Koelle D.M., Stern L., Calvo-Calle M., Ennis F., Terajima M., Sutter G., Crotty S.. Future Microbiol. 2010;5:221–239.
    1. Amanna I.J., Slifka M.K., Crotty S.. Immunol. Rev. 2006;211:320–337.
    1. Matho M.H., Schlossman A., Meng X., Benhnia M.R., Kaever T., Buller M., Doronin K., Parker S., Peters B., Crotty S.. PLoS Pathog. 2015;11:e1005148.
    1. Zajonc D.M.. Subcell. Biochem. 2017;83:103–126.
    1. Panchanathan V., Chaudhri G., Karupiah G., Virology Journal. 2006;80:6333–6338.
    1. Oseroff C., Kos F., Bui H., Peters B., Pasquetto V., Glenn J., Palmore T., Sidney J., Tscharke D.C., Bennink J.R.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2005;102:13980–13985.
    1. Moutaftsi M., Peters B., Pasquetto V., Tscharke D.C., Sidney J., Bui H.H., Grey H., Sette A.. Nat. Biotechnol. 2006;24:817–819.
    1. Croft N.P., Smith S.A., Pickering J., Sidney J., Peters B., Faridi P., Witney M.J., Sebastian P., Flesch I.E.A., Heading S.L.. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2019;116:3112–3117.
    1. Olson V.A., Shchelkunov S.N., Viruses. 2017;9:e242.
    1. Reynolds M.G., Doty J.B., McCollum A.M., Olson V.A., Nakazawa Y.. Expert Rev. Anti. Infect. Ther. 2019;17:129–139.
    1. Shchelkunov S.N.. Vaccine. 2011;29(4):D49–D53.
    1. Shchelkunova G.A., Shchelkunov S.N., Acta Naturae. 2017;9:4–12.
    1. Yakubitskiy S.N., Kolosova I.V., Maksyutov R.A., Shchelkunov S.N., Acta Naturae. 2015;7:113–121.
    1. Shchelkunov S.N., Mol. Biol. 2011;45:24–35.
    1. Shchelkunov S.N.. Adv. Virol. 2012;2012:524743.
    1. Ferrier-Rembert A., Drillien R., Tournier J.N., Garin D., Crance J.M.. Vaccine. 2008;26:1794–1804.
    1. Drutskaya M.S., Belousov P.V., Nedospasov S.A., Mol. Biol. 2011;45:5–15.
    1. Summer R.P., Ren H., Smith G.L.. J. Gen. Virol. 2013;94:1121–1126.
    1. Mathew A., O’Bryan J., Marshall W., Kotwal G.J., Terajima M., Green S., Rothman A.L., Ennis F.A.. PLoS One. 2008;3:e3323.
    1. Benfield C.T.O., Ren H., Lucas S.J., Bahsoun B., Smith G.L.. J. Gen. Virol. 2013;94:1647–1657.
    1. Di Pilato M., Mejias-Perez E., Sorzano C.O.S., Esteban M., Virology Journal. 2017;91:e00575-17.
    1. Falivene J., Del Medico Zajac M.P., Pascutti M.F., Rodriguez A.M., Maeto C., Perdiguero B., Gomez C.E., Esteban M., Calamante G., Gherardi M.M.. PLoS One. 2012;7:e32220.
    1. Staib C., Kisling S., Erfle V., Sutter G.. J. Gen. Virol. 2005;86:1997–2006.
    1. Clark R.H., Kenyon J.C., Bartlett N.W., Tscharke D.C., Smith G.L.. J. Gen. Virol. 2006;87:29–38.
    1. Girgis N.M., DeHaven B., Xiao Y., Alexander E., Viner K., Isaacs S.N., Virology Journal. 2011;85:2547–2556.
    1. Rehm K.E., Roper R.L.. Vaccine. 2011;29:3276–3283.
    1. Yakubitskyi S.N., Kolosova I.V., Maksyutov R.A., Shchelkunov S.N.. Dokl. Biochem. Biophys. 2016;466:35–38.
    1. Strnadova P., Ren H., Valentine R., Mazzon M., Sweeney T.R., Brierley I., Smith G.L.. PLoS Pathog. 2015;11:e1005151.
    1. Rehm K.E., Connor R.F., Jones G.J.B., Yimbu K., Mannie M.D., Roper R.L.. Immunology. 2009;128:381–392.
    1. Rehm K.E., Connor R.F., Jones G.J.B., Yimbu K., Roper R.L.. Virology. 2010;397:176–186.
    1. Garber D.A., O’Mara L.A., Gangadhara S., McQuoid M., Zhang X., Zheng R., Gill K., Verma M., Yu T., Johnson B., Virology Journal. 2012;86:12605–12615.
    1. Holgado M.P., Falivene J., Maeto C., Amigo M., Pascutti M.F., Vecchione M.B., Bruttomesso A., Calamante G., del Medico-Zajac M.P., Gherardi M.M.. Viruses. 2016;8:e139.
    1. Sumner R.P., Ren H., Ferguson B.J., Smith G.L.. Vaccine. 2016;34:4827–4834.

Source: PubMed

Спонсоры и соавторы

Заболевания

Медикаментозные вмешательства

Подписаться