Etiology of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Literature Review

Sina Rashidi Kikanloo, Sandip Parshottam Tarpada, Woojin Cho, Sina Rashidi Kikanloo, Sandip Parshottam Tarpada, Woojin Cho

Abstract

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is the peripubertal development of spinal curvature of a minimum of 10°. AIS is thought to be attributable to genetic factors, nutrition, early exposure to toxins, and hormonal dysregulation. Recent literature suggests these factors may compound to determine both disease onset and severity. Currently, treatment is limited to observation, bracing, and surgical intervention. Intervention is presently determined by severity and risk of curve progression. As they emerge, new therapies may target specific etiologies of AIS.

Keywords: Adolescent; Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; Cobb angle; Etiology; Review; Scoliosis.

Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

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