Evaluation of Dimensional Changes According to Aging Period and Postcuring Time of 3D-Printed Denture Base Prostheses: An In Vitro Study

Seung-Ho Shin, Re-Mee Doh, Jung-Hwa Lim, Jae-Sung Kwon, June-Sung Shim, Jong-Eun Kim, Seung-Ho Shin, Re-Mee Doh, Jung-Hwa Lim, Jae-Sung Kwon, June-Sung Shim, Jong-Eun Kim

Abstract

During the three-dimensional (3D) printing process of a dental prosthesis, using photopolymer resin, partially polymerized resin is further cured through the postcuring process that proceeds after the printing, which improves the stability of the printed product. The mechanical properties of the end product are known to be poor if the postcuring time is insufficient. Therefore, this study evaluated the effect of the postcuring time of the 3D-printed denture base on its dimensional stability, according to the aging period. The 3D prints were processed after designing maxillary and mandibular denture bases, and after the following postcuring times were applied: no postcuring, and 5, 15, 30, and 60 min. The dimensional stability change of the denture base was evaluated and analyzed for 28 days after the postcuring process. The trueness analysis indicated that the mandibular denture base had lower output accuracy than the maxillary denture base, and the dimensional stability change increased as postcuring progressed. In the no postcuring group for the mandible, the error value was 201.1 ± 5.5 µm (mean ± standard deviation) after 28 days, whereas it was 125.7 ± 13.0 µm in the 60 min postcuring group. For both the maxilla and the mandible, shorter postcuring times induced larger dimensional stability changes during the aging process. These findings indicate that in order to manufacture a denture base with dimensional stability, a sufficient postcuring process is required during the processing stage.

Keywords: 3D printing; additive manufacturing; aging; dimensional change; postcuring; trueness.

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analysis, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flowchart of the study design. n = number of specimens.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Design of the maxillary (A) and mandibular (B) denture bases. The inner area of the denture base was selected to evaluate accuracy.
Figure 3
Figure 3
(A) Dimensional difference according to arch position, (B) dimensional difference after postcuring; and (C) dimensional difference, according to model aging period. Different lower-case letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Trueness according to aging period after the printing process in the (A) maxilla base and (B) mandible base.
Figure 5
Figure 5
RMSE values at (A) 0 days, (B) 1 day, (C) 3 days, (D) 7 days, (E) 14 days and (F) 28 days after the maxilla printing process. Data are mean and standard deviation values. Different lowercase letters in a single graph indicate significant differences.
Figure 6
Figure 6
RMSE values at (A) 0 days, (B) 1 day, (C) 3 days, (D) 7 days, (E) 14 days and (F) 28 days after the mandible printing process. Data are mean and standard-deviation values. Different lowercase letters in the same graph indicate significant differences.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The 3D color maps at 0 days, 1 day, 7 days and 28 days after printing of the no postcuring, and 30 min and 60 min postcuring groups. Comparing the no postcuring group with the 30 min and 60 min postcuring groups, postcuring time increases, and the dimensional change is decreasing.

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