Uterine Artery Embolization Versus Hysterectomy in the Treatment of Symptomatic Adenomyosis: Protocol for the Randomized QUESTA Trial

Annefleur Machteld de Bruijn, Paul Nm Lohle, Judith Af Huirne, Jolanda de Vries, Moniek Twisk, QUESTA-Trial Group, Wouter Jk Hehenkamp, Annefleur Machteld de Bruijn, Paul Nm Lohle, Judith Af Huirne, Jolanda de Vries, Moniek Twisk, QUESTA-Trial Group, Wouter Jk Hehenkamp

Abstract

Background: Adenomyosis is a benign uterine disease characterized by invasion of endometrium into the myometrium resulting in heavy menstrual bleeding and pain (dysmenorrhea). Hysterectomy is established as the final treatment option when conservative treatment fails. Uterine artery embolization (UAE) in patients with symptomatic adenomyosis has demonstrated to reduce symptoms and improve quality of life. However, randomized controlled trials are lacking.

Objective: With this study, we aim to evaluate the impact of UAE on Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in a randomized comparison to hysterectomy in patients with symptomatic adenomyosis.

Methods: This is a multicenter non-blinded randomized controlled trial comparing UAE and hysterectomy. Eligible patients are symptomatic premenopausal women without the desire to conceive and who have symptomatic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-confirmed pure adenomyosis or dominant adenomyosis accompanied by fibroids. After obtaining informed consent, patients will be randomly allocated to treatment in a 2:1 UAE versus hysterectomy ratio. The primary objective is HRQOL at 6 months following the assigned intervention. Secondary outcomes are technical results, pain management, clinical outcomes, HRQOL, and cost effectiveness during 2 years of follow-up. In addition, transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and MRI will be performed at regular intervals after UAE.

Results: Patient enrollment started November 2015. The follow-up period will be completed two years after inclusion of the last patient. At the time of submission of this article, data cleaning and analyses have not yet started.

Conclusions: This trial will provide insight for caretakers and future patients about the effect of UAE compared to the gold standard hysterectomy in the treatment of symptomatic adenomyosis and is therefore expected to improve patients' wellbeing and quality of life.

Trial registration: Netherlands Trial Register NTR5615; http://www.trialregister.nl/trialreg/admin/rctview.asp?TC=5615 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6xZRyXeIF).

Keywords: adenomyosis; hysterectomy; quality of life; randomized trial; uterine artery embolization.

Conflict of interest statement

Conflicts of Interest: PNML has a consultancy agreement with Boston Scientific. AMdB, PNML, JAFH and WJKH received a grant from Boston Scientific.

©Annefleur Machteld de Bruijn, Paul NM Lohle, Judith AF Huirne, Jolanda de Vries, Moniek Twisk, QUESTA-Trial Group, Wouter JK Hehenkamp. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (http://www.researchprotocols.org), 01.03.2018.

Figures

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/instance/5856934/bin/resprot_v7i3e47_fig1.jpg
Study flowchart. Patient data includes the following questionnaires: Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart (PBAC), Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NRS), Facet 1:Pain and discomfort WHOQOL-100, World Health Organization Quality Of Life-Bref (WHOQOL-Bref), Short Form-12 (SF-12), Facet 15: sexual activity domain WHOQOL-100, recovery (RI-10), Euro-QOL 5D (EQ-5D), patient preference (vignette), and patient satisfaction (Likert-scale).

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