The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 Short Form (PID-5-SF): psychometric properties and association with big five traits and pathological beliefs in a Norwegian population

Jens C Thimm, Stian Jordan, Bo Bach, Jens C Thimm, Stian Jordan, Bo Bach

Abstract

Background: With the publication of the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5), an alternative model for personality disorders based on personality dysfunction and pathological personality traits was introduced. The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) is a 220-item self-report inventory designed to assess the personality traits of this model. Recently, a short 100-item version of the PID-5 (PID-5-SF) has been developed. The aim of this study was to investigate the score reliability and structure of the Norwegian PID-5-SF. Further, criterion validity with the five factor model of personality (FFM) and pathological personality beliefs was examined.

Methods: A derivation sample of university students (N = 503) completed the PID-5, the Big Five Inventory (BFI), and the Personality Beliefs Questionnaire - Short Form (PBQ-SF), whereas a replication sample of 127 students completed the PID-5-SF along with the aforementioned measures.

Results: The short PID-5 showed overall good score reliability and structural validity. The associations with FFM traits and pathological personality beliefs were conceptually coherent and similar for the two forms of the PID-5.

Conclusions: The results suggest that the Norwegian PID-5 short form is a reliable and efficient measure of the trait criterion of the alternative model for personality disorders in DSM-5.

Keywords: DSM-5 Section III; Five-factor model; PID-5; Personality beliefs; Personality disorders; Personality traits.

References

    1. Al-Dajani N, Gralnick TM, Bagby RM. A psychometric review of the Personality Inventory for DSM–5 (PID–5): current status and future directions. J Pers Assess. 2016;98:62–81. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2015.1107572.
    1. American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text revision) Washington: Author; 2000.
    1. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 5th ed. Washington: Author; 2013a.
    1. American Psychiatric Association. The Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5)—Adult. 2013b. Retrieved from . Accessed 02 Dec 2016.
    1. American Psychiatric Association (2013c). The Personality Inventory for DSM-5—Brief Form (PID-5-BF)—Adult. Retrieved from . Accessed 02 Dec 2016.
    1. Anderson J, Snider S, Sellbom M, Krueger R, Hopwood C. A comparison of the DSM-5 Section II and Section III personality disorder structures. Psychiatry Res. 2014;216:363–372. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2014.01.007.
    1. Ashton MC, de Vries RE, Lee K. Trait variance and response style variance in the scales of the Personality Inventory for DSM–5 (PID–5). J Pers Assess. In press. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2016.1208210.
    1. Bach, B., Anderson, J, Simonsen, E. Continuity between interview-rated personality disorders and self-reported DSM–5 traits in a Danish psychiatric sample. Pers Disord. In press. doi: 10.1037/per0000171.
    1. Bach B, Lee C, Mortensen EL, Simonsen E. How do DSM-5 personality traits align with schema therapy constructs? J Personal Disord. 2016;30:502–529. doi: 10.1521/pedi_2015_29_212.
    1. Bach B, Maples-Keller JL, Bo S, Simonsen E. The alternative DSM–5 personality disorder traits criterion: A comparative examination of three self-report forms in a danish population. Pers Disord. 2016;7:124–135. doi: 10.1037/per0000162.
    1. Bach B, Markon K, Simonsen E, Krueger RF. Clinical utility of the DSM-5 alternative model of personality disorders: Six cases from practice. J Psychiatr Pract. 2015;21:3–25. doi: 10.1097/01.pra.0000460618.02805.ef.
    1. Bastiaens T, Claes L, Smits D, De Clercq B, De Fruyt F, Rossi G, Claes S. The construct validity of the Dutch Personality Inventory for DSM-5 personality disorders (PID-5) in a clinical sample. Assessment. 2016;23:42–51. doi: 10.1177/1073191115575069.
    1. Bastiaens T, Smits D, De Hert M, Vanwalleghem D, Claes L. DSM-5 Section III personality traits and Section II personality disorders in a Flemish community sample. Psychiatry Res. 2016;238:290–298. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2016.02.056.
    1. Beck AT, Freeman A, Davis DD, Ass . Cognitive therapy of personality disorders. 2. New York: Guilford; 2004.
    1. Bo S, Bach B, Mortensen EL, Simonsen E. Reliability and hierarchical structure of DSM-5 pathological traits in a danish mixed sample. J Personal Disord. 2015;30:112–129. doi: 10.1521/pedi_2015_29_187.
    1. Butler AC, Beck AT, Cohen LH. The Personality Belief Questionnaire-Short Form: Development and preliminary findings. Cogn Ther Res. 2007;31:357–370. doi: 10.1007/s10608-006-9041-x.
    1. Clark LA, Watson D. Constructing validity: basic issues in objective scale development. Psychol Assess. 1995;7:309. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.7.3.309.
    1. Crego C, Gore WL, Rojas SL, Widiger TA. The discriminant (and convergent) validity of the Personality Inventory for DSM–5. Pers Disord. 2015;6:321–335. doi: 10.1037/per0000118.
    1. De Fruyt F, De Clercq B, De Bolle M, Wille B, Markon K, Krueger RF. General and maladaptive traits in a five-factor framework for DSM-5 in a university student sample. Assessment. 2013;20:295–307. doi: 10.1177/1073191113475808.
    1. Engvik H, Føllesdal H. The Big Five Inventory på norsk. Tidsskrift for Norsk Psykologforening. 2005;42:128–129.
    1. Few LR, Miller JD, Rothbaum AO, Meller S, Maples J, Terry DP, MacKillop J. Examination of the Section III DSM-5 diagnostic system for personality disorders in an outpatient clinical sample. J Abnorm Psychol. 2013;122:1057. doi: 10.1037/a0034878.
    1. First MB, Skodol AE, Bender DS, Oldham JM. Structured clinical interview for the DSM–5 alternative model for personality disorders (SCID–AMPD). New York: New York State Psychiatric Institute; In press.
    1. Gore WL, Widiger TA. The DSM-5 dimensional trait model and five-factor models of general personality. J Abnorm Psychol. 2013;122:816–21. doi:10.1037/a0032822.
    1. Hopwood CJ, Schade N, Krueger RF, Wright AG, Markon KE. Connecting DSM-5 personality traits and pathological beliefs: Toward a unifying model. J Psychopathol Behav Assess. 2013;35:162–172. doi: 10.1007/s10862-012-9332-3.
    1. Hopwood CJ, Wright AG, Krueger RF, Schade N, Markon KE, Morey LC. DSM-5 pathological personality traits and the Personality Assessment Inventory. Assessment. 2013;20:269–285. doi: 10.1177/1073191113486286.
    1. Gutierrez F, Aluja A, Peri JM, Calvo N, Ferrer M, Bailles E, Krueger RF. Psychometric Properties of the Spanish PID-5 in a Clinical and a Community Sample. Assessment. In press. doi: 10.1177/1073191115606518.
    1. Helle AC, Trull TJ, Widiger TA, Mullins-Sweatt SN. Utilizing interview and self-report assessment of the five-factor model to examine convergence with the alternative model for personality disorders. Pers Disord. In press. doi: 10.1037/per0000174.
    1. John OP, Srivastava S. The big five trait taxonomy: History, measurement, and theoretical perspectives. In: Pervin LA, John OP, editors. Handbook of personality. Theory and research. 2. New York: Guilford Press; 1999. pp. 102–138.
    1. Keeley JW, Flanagan EH, McCluskey DL. Functional impairment and the DSM-5 dimensional system for personality disorder. J Personal Disord. 2014;28:657–674. doi: 10.1521/pedi_2014_28_133.
    1. Krueger RF, Derringer J, Markon KE, Watson D, Skodol AE. Initial construction of a maladaptive personality trait model and inventory for DSM-5. Psychol Med. 2012;42:1879–1890. doi: 10.1017/S0033291711002674.
    1. Krueger RF, Markon KE. The role of the DSM-5 personality trait model in moving toward a quantitative and empirically based approach to classifying personality and psychopathology. Annu Rev Clin Psychol. 2014;10:477–501. doi: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153732.
    1. Lorenzo-Seva U, Ten Berge JM. Tucker’s congruence coefficient as a meaningful index of factor similarity. Methodology. 2006;2:57–64. doi: 10.1027/1614-2241.2.2.57.
    1. Maples JL, Carter NT, Few LR, Crego C, Gore WL, Samuel DB, Markon KE. Testing whether the DSM-5 personality disorder trait model can be measured with a reduced set of items: An item response theory investigation of the personality inventory for DSM-5. Psychol Assess. 2015;27:1195–1210. doi: 10.1037/pas0000120.
    1. Markon KE, Quilty LC, Bagby RM, Krueger RF. The development and psychometric properties of an informant-report form of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) Assessment. 2013;20:370–383. doi: 10.1177/1073191113486513.
    1. McCrae RR. A note on some measures of profile agreement. J Pers Assess. 2008;90:105–109. doi: 10.1080/00223890701845104.
    1. Morey LC, Benson KT. Relating DSM-5 Section II and Section III personality disorder diagnostic classification systems to treatment planning. Compr Psychiatry. 2016;68:48–55. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2016.03.010.
    1. Morey LC, Benson KT, Busch AJ, Skodol AE. Personality disorders in DSM-5: Emerging research on the alternative model. Curr Psychiatr Rep. 2015;17:1–9. doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0558-0.
    1. Morey LC, Skodol AE, Oldham JM. Clinician judgments of clinical utility: A comparison of DSM-IV-TR personality disorders and the alternative model for DSM-5 personality disorders. J Abnorm Psychol. 2014;123:398–405. doi: 10.1037/a0036481.
    1. Mościcki EK, Clarke DE, Kuramoto SJ, Kraemer HC, Narrow WE, Kupfer DJ, Regier DA. Testing DSM-5 in routine clinical practice settings: Feasibility and clinical utility. Psychiatr Serv. 2013;64:952–960. doi: 10.1176/appi.ps.201300098.
    1. Muthén LK, Muthén BO. Mplus User’s Guide. Seventh Ed. Los Angeles: Muthén & Muthén; 1998-2012.
    1. Quilty LC, Ayearst L, Chmielewski M, Pollock BG, Bagby RM. The psychometric properties of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 in an APA DSM-5 field trial sample. Assessment. 2013;20:362–369. doi: 10.1177/1073191113486183.
    1. Revelle W. Psych: Procedures for Personality and Psychological Research. Evanston: Northwestern University; 2015. Version = 1.5.8.
    1. Roskam I, Galdiolo S, Hansenne M, Massoudi K, Rossier J, Gicquel L, Rolland J-P. The psychometric properties of the French version of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0133413. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133413.
    1. Skodol AE, Morey LC, Bender DS, Oldham JM. The alternative DSM-5 model for personality disorders: A clinical application. Am J Psychiatr. 2015;172:606–613. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2015.14101220.
    1. Smith GT, McCarthy DM, Anderson KG. On the sins of short-form development. Psychol Assess. 2000;12:102–111. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.12.1.102.
    1. Suzuki T, Griffin SA, Samuel DB. Capturing the DSM-5 alternative personality disorder model traits in the five-factor model’s nomological net. J Pers. In press. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12235.
    1. Thimm JC, Jordan S, Bach B. Hierarchical structure and Cross-Cultural Measurement Invariance of the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 in a Norwegian sample. J Pers Assess. In press. doi: 10.1080/00223891.2016.1223682.
    1. Thomas KM, Yalch MM, Krueger RF, Wright AG, Markon KE, Hopwood CJ. The convergent structure of DSM-5 personality trait facets and five-factor model trait domains. Assessment. 2013;20:308–311. doi: 10.1177/1073191112457589.
    1. Tyrer P, Reed GM, Crawford MJ. Classification, assessment, prevalence, and effect of personality disorder. Lancet. 2015;385:717–726. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61995-4.
    1. Urnes Ø, Perdersen G, Johansen M, Karterud S, Wilberg T, Kvarstein EH. Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) Oslo: Nasjonal kompetansesenter for personlighetspsykiatri; 2013.
    1. Watson D, Stasik SM, Ro E, Clark LA. Integrating normal and pathological personality: Relating the DSM-5 trait-dimensional model to general traits of personality. Assessment. 2013;20:312–326. doi: 10.1177/1073191113485810.
    1. Widiger TA, Samuel DB. Evidence-based assessment of personality disorders. Psychol Assess. 2005;17:278–287. doi: 10.1037/1040-3590.17.3.278.
    1. Widiger TA, Trull TJ. Plate tectonics in the classification of personality disorder - shifting to a dimensional model. Am Psychol. 2007;62:71–83. doi: 10.1037/0003-066X.62.2.71.
    1. Wright AG, Calabrese WR, Rudick MM, Yam WH, Zelazny K, Williams TF, Simms LJ. Stability of the DSM-5 Section III pathological personality traits and their longitudinal associations with psychosocial functioning in personality disordered individuals. J Abnorm Psychol. 2015;124:199–207. doi: 10.1037/abn0000018.
    1. Wright AG, Simms LJ. On the structure of personality disorder traits: Conjoint analyses of the CAT-PD, PID-5, and NEO-PI-3 trait models. Pers Disord. 2014;5:43–54. doi: 10.1037/per0000037.
    1. Yam WH, Simms LJ. Comparing criterion-and trait-based personality disorder diagnoses in DSM-5. J Abnorm Psychol. 2014;123:802–808. doi: 10.1037/a0037633.
    1. Young JE, Klosko JS, Weishaar ME. Schema therapy: A practitioner’s guide. New York: Guilford Press; 2003.
    1. Zachar P, Krueger RF, Kendler KS. Personality disorder in DSM-5: An oral history. Psychol Med. 2016;46:1–10. doi: 10.1017/S0033291715001543.
    1. Zimmermann J, Altenstein D, Krieger T, Holtforth MG, Pretsch J, Alexopoulos J, Markon KE. The structure and correlates of self-reported DSM-5 maladaptive personality traits: Findings from two German-speaking samples. J Personal Disord. 2014;28:518–540. doi: 10.1521/pedi_2014_28_130.

Source: PubMed

Спонсоры и соавторы

Заболевания

Медикаментозные вмешательства

Подписаться