Prevalence of long-term mechanical insufflation-exsufflation in children with neurological conditions: a population-based study

Brit Hov, Tiina Andersen, Michel Toussaint, Maria Vollsaeter, Ingvild B Mikalsen, Solfrid Indrekvam, Vegard Hovland, Brit Hov, Tiina Andersen, Michel Toussaint, Maria Vollsaeter, Ingvild B Mikalsen, Solfrid Indrekvam, Vegard Hovland

Abstract

Aim: To determine the prevalence of long-term mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) and concomitant mechanical ventilation in children with neurological conditions, with reported reasons behind the initiation of treatment.

Method: This was a population-based, cross-sectional study using Norwegian national registries and a questionnaire.

Results: In total, 114 of 19 264 children with a neurological condition had an MI-E device. Seventy-three of 103 eligible children (31 females, 42 males), median (min-max) age of 10 years 1 month (1y 5mo-17y 10mo), reported their MI-E treatment initiation. Overall, 76% reported airway clearance as the main reason to start long-term MI-E. A prophylactic use was mainly reported by children with neuromuscular disorders (NMDs). Prevalence and age at initiation differed by diagnosis. In spinal muscular atrophy and muscular dystrophies, MI-E use was reported in 34% and 7% of children, of whom 83% and 57% respectively received ventilator support. One-third of the MI-E users were children with central nervous system (CNS) conditions, such as cerebral palsy and degenerative disorders, and ventilator support was provided in 31%. The overall use of concomitant ventilatory support among the long-term MI-E users was 56%.

Interpretation: The prevalence of MI-E in a neuropaediatric population was 6 per 1000, with two-thirds having NMDs and one-third having conditions of the CNS. The decision to initiate MI-E in children with neurological conditions relies on clinical judgment.

What this paper adds: The prevalence and age at initiation of mechanical insufflation/exsufflation (MI-E) differed between diagnoses. MI-E was most commonly used in spinal muscular atrophy, where it generally coincided with ventilatory support. One-third of MI-E devices were given to children with central nervous system conditions, and one-third also received ventilatory support.

© 2021 The Authors. Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Mac Keith Press.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Prevalence of long‐term mechanical insufflation‐exsufflation (MI‐E) in a neuropaediatric population by diagnosis, age, and regional residency. ICD, International Classification of Disease; SMA, spinal muscular atrophy; SMARD, spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress.

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Source: PubMed

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