Comparative evaluation of open flap debridement alone and in combination with anorganic bone matrix/cell-binding peptide in the treatment of human infrabony defects: A randomized clinical trial

Pratima Ram Niwas Mishra, Abhay Pandurang Kolte, Rajashri Abhay Kolte, Natasha Gev Pajnigara, Kanan Ketan Shah, Pratima Ram Niwas Mishra, Abhay Pandurang Kolte, Rajashri Abhay Kolte, Natasha Gev Pajnigara, Kanan Ketan Shah

Abstract

Background: The synthetic anorganic bone matrix/cell-binding peptide (ABM/P-15) has displayed an increased fibroblast migration and attachment with bone graft material, thus enhancing periodontal regeneration. The objective of the present study was to evaluate and to correlate the efficacy of open flap debridement (OFD) with and without ABM/P-15 in the treatment of human infrabony periodontal defects.

Materials and methods: A total of 20 chronic periodontitis patients with equal number infrabony defects were randomly selected and assigned into two groups depending on the treatment received: Control group (treated with OFD) and Test group (treated with OFD + ABM/P-15). Clinical parameters recorded included plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), gingival recession, and radiographic defect depth (RDD) which were evaluated at baseline and 6 months postsurgically.

Results: When compared to baseline, both the treatment groups demonstrated improvements in the clinical parameters at 6 months. Test group exhibited a mean PPD reduction of 4.15 ± 1.04 mm, CAL gain of 3.10 ± 1.42 mm, and reduction in RDD of 1.90 ± 0.72 mm postoperatively at 6 months. In contrast to Control group, the Test group showed greater reduction in PPD (P < 0.05) which was statistically significant, greater CAL gain and greater mean RDD reduction (P < 0.001) which was highly significant.

Conclusion: In the surgical management of periodontal infrabony defects, Test group elicited in statistically significant PPD reduction, CAL gain, and better infrabony defect fill at 6 months' postoperatively.

Keywords: Cell-binding peptide P-15; intrabony defects; periodontal regeneration; periodontitis.

Conflict of interest statement

There are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Consort flowchart
Figure 2
Figure 2
Surgical protocol for Test group (ABM/P-15): (a) Baseline clinical measurement. (b) Full-thickness flap elevated. (c) ABM/P-15 graft placement following thorough debridement and presuturing. (d) Flap repositioning to preoperative level. (e) Postoperative clinical measurement of the treated area after 6 months. OFD – Open flap debridement; RDD – Radiographic defect depth; ABM/P-15 – Anorganic bone matrix/cell-binding peptide
Figure 3
Figure 3
Radiographic measurement following treatment in control (OFD) group: (a) OFD baseline RDD. (b) OFD 6 months postoperative, radiographic defect depth. OFD – Open flap debridement; RDD – Radiographic defect depth
Figure 4
Figure 4
Radiographic measurement following treatment in test (OFD + ABM/P-15) group: (a) ABM/P-15 baseline RDD. (b) ABM/P-15, 6 months postoperative radiographic defect depth. OFD – Open flap debridement; RDD – Radiographic defect depth; ABM/P-15 – Anorganic bone matrix/cell-binding peptide

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