Systematic review of reviews of intervention components associated with increased effectiveness in dietary and physical activity interventions

Colin J Greaves, Kate E Sheppard, Charles Abraham, Wendy Hardeman, Michael Roden, Philip H Evans, Peter Schwarz, IMAGE Study Group, Colin J Greaves, Kate E Sheppard, Charles Abraham, Wendy Hardeman, Michael Roden, Philip H Evans, Peter Schwarz, IMAGE Study Group

Abstract

Background: To develop more efficient programmes for promoting dietary and/or physical activity change (in order to prevent type 2 diabetes) it is critical to ensure that the intervention components and characteristics most strongly associated with effectiveness are included. The aim of this systematic review of reviews was to identify intervention components that are associated with increased change in diet and/or physical activity in individuals at risk of type 2 diabetes.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and the Cochrane Library were searched for systematic reviews of interventions targeting diet and/or physical activity in adults at risk of developing type 2 diabetes from 1998 to 2008. Two reviewers independently selected reviews and rated methodological quality. Individual analyses from reviews relating effectiveness to intervention components were extracted, graded for evidence quality and summarised.

Results: Of 3856 identified articles, 30 met the inclusion criteria and 129 analyses related intervention components to effectiveness. These included causal analyses (based on randomisation of participants to different intervention conditions) and associative analyses (e.g. meta-regression). Overall, interventions produced clinically meaningful weight loss (3-5 kg at 12 months; 2-3 kg at 36 months) and increased physical activity (30-60 mins/week of moderate activity at 12-18 months). Based on causal analyses, intervention effectiveness was increased by engaging social support, targeting both diet and physical activity, and using well-defined/established behaviour change techniques. Increased effectiveness was also associated with increased contact frequency and using a specific cluster of "self-regulatory" behaviour change techniques (e.g. goal-setting, self-monitoring). No clear relationships were found between effectiveness and intervention setting, delivery mode, study population or delivery provider. Evidence on long-term effectiveness suggested the need for greater consideration of behaviour maintenance strategies.

Conclusions: This comprehensive review of reviews identifies specific components which are associated with increased effectiveness in interventions to promote change in diet and/or physical activity. To maximise the efficiency of programmes for diabetes prevention, practitioners and commissioning organisations should consider including these components.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of study selection.

References

    1. Alberti KGMM, Zimmet P, Shaw J. International Diabetes Federation: a consensus on Type 2 diabetes prevention. Diabet Med. 2007;24:451–463. doi: 10.1111/j.1464-5491.2007.02157.x.
    1. WHO. 10 facts about diabetes. Accessed July 2008.
    1. Eriksson K, Lindgärde F. Prevention of type 2 (non-insulin dependent) diabetes mellitus by diet and physical exercise. The 6-year Malmo feasibility study. Diabetologia. 1991;34:891–898. doi: 10.1007/BF00400196.
    1. Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA, Nathan DM. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:393–403. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa012512.
    1. Kosaka K, Noda M, Kuzuya T. Prevention of type 2 diabetes by lifestyle intervention: a Japanese trial in IGT males. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2005;67:152–162. doi: 10.1016/j.diabres.2004.06.010.
    1. Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Mary S, Mukesh B, Bhaskar AD, Vijay V. Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme. The Indian Diabetes Prevention Programme shows that lifestyle modification and metformin prevent type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IDPP-1) Diabetologia. 2006;49:289–297. doi: 10.1007/s00125-005-0097-z.
    1. Tuomilehto J, Lindström J, Eriksson JG, Valle TT, Hamalainen H, Ilanne-Parikka P, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S, Laakso M, Louheranta A, Rastas M, Salminen V, Uusitupa M, Aunola S, Cepaitis Z, Moltchanov V, Hakumaki M, Mannelin M, Martikkala V, Sundvall J. Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1343–1350. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200105033441801.
    1. Lindstrom J, Ilanne-Parikka P, Peltonen M, Aunola S, Eriksson JG, Hemio K, Hamalainen H, Harkonen P, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S, Laakso M, Louheranta A, Mannelin M, Paturi M, Sundvall J, Valle TT, Uusitupa M, Tuomilehto J. Sustained reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes by lifestyle intervention: follow-up of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Study. Lancet. 2006;368:1673–1679. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)69701-8.
    1. American Diabetes Association. Summary of Revisions for the 2009 Clinical Practice Recommendations. Diabetes Care. 2009;32(Suppl 1):S3–S5.
    1. Canadian Diabetes Association Clinical Practice Guidelines Expert Committee. Canadian Diabetes Association 2008 clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and management of diabetes in Canada. Canadian Journal of Diabetes. 2008;32:S1–S201.
    1. Herpertz S, Petrak F, Albus C, Hirsch A, Kruse J, Kulzer B. In: German Diabetes Association & The German College for Psychosomatic Medicine. Berlin. Scherbaum WA, Landgraf R, editor. 2003. Evidence-based Guidelines of the German Diabetes Association: Psychosocial Factors and Diabetes Mellitus; pp. 1–84.
    1. Paulweber B, Valensi P, Lindström J, Lalic NM, Greaves CJ, McKee M, Kissimova-Skarbek K, Liatis S, Cosson E, Szendroedi J, Sheppard KE, Charlesworth K, Felton AM, Hall M, Rissannen A, Tuomilehto J, Schwarz PE, Roden M. for the Writing Group, on behalf of the IMAGE Study Group. A European Evidence-Based Guideline for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes. Horm Metab Res. 2010;42(Suppl 1):S3–S36. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1240928.
    1. Saaristo T, Peltonen M, Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi S, Vanhala M, Saltevo J, Oksa H, Korpi-Hyövälti H, Tuomilehto J. National Type 2 Diabetes Programme in Finland: FIN-D2D. Int J Circumpolar Health. 2007;66:101–112.
    1. Schwarz P, Gruhl U, Bornstein S, Landgraf R, Hall M, Tuomilehto J. The European Perspective on Diabetes Prevention: development and Implementation of A European Guideline and training standards for diabetes prevention (IMAGE) Diab Vasc Dis Res. 2007;4:353–357. doi: 10.3132/dvdr.2007.064.
    1. Schwarz P, Schwarz J, Schuppenies A, Bornstein S, Schulze J. Development of a diabetes prevention management program for clinical practice. Public Health Rep. 2007;122:258–263.
    1. Ackermann RT, Marrero DG. Adapting the Diabetes Prevention Program lifestyle intervention for delivery in the community: The YMCA Model. Diabetes Educ. 2007;33:69–78. doi: 10.1177/0145721706297743.
    1. Delahanty LM, Nathan DM. Implications of the Diabetes Prevention Program and the Look AHEAD clinical trials for lifestyle intervention. American Dietetic Association. 2008;108(Suppl 1):S66–S72. doi: 10.1016/j.jada.2008.01.026.
    1. Laatikainen T, Dunbar J, Chapman A, Kilkkinen A, Vartiainen E, Heistaro S, Philpot B, Absetz P, Bunker S, O'Neil A, Reddy P, Best J, Janus E. Prevention of Type 2 diabetes by lifestyle intervention in an Australian primary health care setting: Greater Green Triangle (GGT) Diabetes Prevention Project. BMC Public Health. 2007;7:249. doi: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-249.
    1. Qiao Q, Pang Z, Gao W, Wang S, Dong Y, Zhang L, Nan H, Ren J. A large-scale diabetes prevention program in real-life settings in Qingdao of China (2006-2012) Prim Care Diabetes. 2010;4:99–103. doi: 10.1016/j.pcd.2010.04.003.
    1. Gillies CL, Lambert PC, Abrams KR, Sutton AJ, Cooper NJ, Hsu RT, Davies MJ, Khunti K. Different strategies for screening and prevention of type 2 diabetes in adults: cost effectiveness analysis. BMJ. 2008;336:1180–1185. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39545.585289.25.
    1. Herman WH, Hoerger TJ, Brandle M, Hicks K, Sorensen S, Zhang P, Hamman RF, Ackermann RT, Engelgau MM, Ratner RE. Diabetes Prevention Program. The cost-effectiveness of lifestyle modification or metformin in preventing type 2 diabetes in adults with impaired glucose tolerance. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:323–332.
    1. Lindgren P, Lindström J, Tuomilehto J, Uusitupa M, Peltonen M, Jönsson B, De Faire U, Hellénius ML. Lifestyle intervention to prevent diabetes in men and women with impaired glucose tolerance is cost-effective. Int J Technol Assess Health Care. 2007;23:177–183. doi: 10.1017/S0266462307070286.
    1. Ahmad LA, Crandall JP. Type 2 diabetes prevention: A review. Clinical Diabetes. 2010;28:53–59. doi: 10.2337/diaclin.28.2.53.
    1. Schwarz P, Lin J, Lindstrom J, Bergmann A, Gruhl U, Saaristo T, Tuomilehto J. How should the clinician most effectively prevent type 2 diabetes in the obese person at high risk? Current Diabetes Reports. 2008;7:353–362. doi: 10.1007/s11892-007-0058-7.
    1. Department of Health. Putting prevention first - vascular checks: risk assessment and management London. 2009. p. 27.
    1. Janz KF. Physical activity in epidemiology: moving from questionnaire to objective measurement. Br J Sports Med. 2006;40:191–192. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2005.023036.
    1. Shephard RJ. Limits to the measurement of habitual physical activity by questionnaires. Br J Sports Med. 2003;37:197–206. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.37.3.197.
    1. Oxman AD, Guyatt GH. Validation of an index of the quality of review articles. J Clin Epidemiol. 1991;44:1271–1278. doi: 10.1016/0895-4356(91)90160-B.
    1. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) Management of Diabetes: A national clinical guideline. SIGN Publication Number 55. Edinburgh: SIGN; 2001.
    1. Ashworth NL, Chad KE, Harrison EL, Reeder BA, Marshall SC. Home versus center based physical activity programs in older adults. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2005. p. CD004017.
    1. Avenell A, Broom J, Brown TJ, Poobalan A, Aucott L, Stearns SC, Smith WCS, Jung RT, Campbell MK, Grant AM. Systematic review of the long-term effects and economic consequences of treatments for obesity and implications for health improvement. Health Technol Assess. 2004;8(21):1–194.
    1. Bosch C, Abba K, Prictor M, Garner P. Contracts between patients and healthcare practitioners for improving patients' adherence to treatment, prevention and health promotion activities. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007. p. CD004808.
    1. Bravata DM, Smith-Spangler C, Sundaram V, Gienger AL, Lin N, Lewis R, Stave CD, Olkin I, Sirard JR. Using pedometers to increase physical activity and improve health: A systematic review. JAMA. 2007;298:2296–2304. doi: 10.1001/jama.298.19.2296.
    1. Brunner EJ, Rees K, Ward K, Burke M, Thorogood M. Dietary advice for reducing cardiovascular risk (Review) Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007. p. CD002128.
    1. Burke BL, Arkowitz H, Menchola M. The efficacy of motivational interviewing: A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2003;71:843–861. doi: 10.1037/0022-006X.71.5.843.
    1. Curioni CC, Lourento PM. Long-term weight loss after diet and exercise: a systematic review. Int J Obes. 2005;29:1168–1174. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0803015.
    1. Dansinger M, Tatsioni A, Wong J, Chung M, Balk E. Meta-analysis: the effect of dietary counseling for weight loss. Ann Intern Med. 2007;147:41–50.
    1. Dombrowski SU, Sniehotta FF, Avenell A, Johnston M, MacLennan G, Araujo-Soares V. Effects of specific behaviour change techniques on behaviour and weight change: A systematic review. Health Psychology Review. in press .
    1. Douketis JD, Macie C, Thabane L, Williamson DF. Systematic review of long-term weight loss studies in obese adults: Clinical significance and applicability to clinical practice. Int J Obes. 2005;29:1153–1167. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0802982.
    1. Eakin EG, Glasgow RE, Riley KM. Review of primary care-based physical activity intervention studies - Effectiveness and implications for practice and future research. J Fam Pract. 2000;49:158–168.
    1. Foster C, Hillsdon M, Thorogood M. Interventions for promoting physical activity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2005. p. CD003180.
    1. Galani C, Schneider H. Prevention and treatment of obesity with lifestyle interventions: review and meta-analysis. Int J Public Health. 2007;52:348–359. doi: 10.1007/s00038-007-7015-8.
    1. Gillies CL, Abrams KR, Lambert PC, Cooper NJ, Sutton AJ, Hsu RT, Khunti K. Pharmacological and lifestyle interventions to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes in people with impaired glucose tolerance: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2007;334:299–308. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39063.689375.55.
    1. Halcomb E, Moujalli S, Griffiths R, Davidson P. Effectiveness of general practice nurse interventions in cardiac risk factor reduction among adults. International Journal of Evidence-Based Healthcare. 2007;5:269–295. doi: 10.1111/j.1479-6988.2007.00070.x.
    1. Kahn EB, Ramsey LT, Brownson RC, Heath GW, Howze EH, Powell KE, Stone EJ, Rajab MW, Corso P, Briss PA. The effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity - A systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2002;22:73–108. doi: 10.1016/S0749-3797(02)00434-8.
    1. McTigue KM, Harris R, Hemphill B, Lux L, Sutton S, Bunton AJ, Lohr K. Screening and interventions for obesity in adults: Summary of the evidence for the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139:933–949.
    1. McTigue K, Hess R, Ziouras J. Obesity in older adults: a systematic review of the evidence for diagnosis and treatment. Obesity. 2006;14:1485–1497. doi: 10.1038/oby.2006.171.
    1. Michie S, Abraham C, Whittington C, McAteer J, Gupta S. Effective techniques in healthy eating and physical activity interventions: A meta-regression. Health Psychol. 2009;28:690–701. doi: 10.1037/a0016136.
    1. Murphy M, Nevill A, Murtagh E, Holder R. The effect of walking on fitness, fatness and resting blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomised, controlled trials. Prev Med. 2007;44:377–385. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.12.008.
    1. Norris SL, Zhang X, Avenell A, Gregg E, Schmidt CH, Lau J. Long-term non-pharmacological weight loss interventions for adults with prediabetes. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2007. p. CD005270.
    1. Ogilvie D, Foster C, Rothnie H, Cavill N, Hamilton V, Fitzsimons C, Mutrie N. Interventions to promote walking: Systematic review. BMJ. 2007;334:1–11. doi: 10.1136/.
    1. Richardson C, Newton T, Abraham J, Sen A, Jimbo M, Swartz A. A meta-analysis of pedometer-based walking interventions and weight loss. Ann Fam Med. 2008;6:69–77. doi: 10.1370/afm.761.
    1. Rubak S, Sandbaek A, Lauritzen T, Christensen B. Motivational interviewing: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Gen Pract. 2005;55:305–312.
    1. Shaw K, Rourke P, Del M, Kenardy J. Psychological interventions for overweight or obesity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2005. p. CD003818.
    1. Shaw K, Gennat H, Rourke P, Del M. Exercise for overweight or obesity. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2006. p. CD003817.
    1. Thompson RL, Summerbell CD, Hooper L, Higgins JPT, Little PS, Talbot D, Ebrahim S. Dietary advice given by a dietitian versus other health professional or self-help resources to reduce blood cholesterol. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2003. p. CD001366.
    1. Tsai AG, Wadden TA. Systematic review: An evaluation of major commercial weight loss programs in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:56–66.
    1. Whitlock E, Williams S. The primary prevention of heart disease in women through health behavior change promotion in primary care. Womens Health Issues. 2003;13:122–141. doi: 10.1016/S1049-3867(03)00036-7.
    1. Williams N, Hendry M, France B, Lewis R, Wilkinson C. Effectiveness of exercise-referral schemes to promote physical activity in adults: systematic review. Br J Gen Pract. 2007;57:979–986. doi: 10.3399/096016407782604866.
    1. Bandura A. Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall; 1986.
    1. Azjen I. The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. 1991;50:179–211. doi: 10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T.
    1. Abraham C, Michie S. A taxonomy of behaviour change techniques used in interventions. Health Psychol. 2008;27:379–387. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.27.3.379.
    1. Miller W, Rollnick S. Motivational interviewing: Preparing people for change. 2. New York: Guildford Press; 2002.
    1. De Ridder D, De Wit J. Self-regulation in health behavior. Chichester, UK: Wiley; 2006.
    1. Bartholomew LK, Parcel GS, Kok G, Gottlieb NH. Planning health promotion programs. An intervention mapping approach. San Francisco: John Wiley & Sons; 2006.
    1. Green LW, Kreuter M. Health program planning: An educational and ecological approach. 4. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2005.
    1. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Obesity guidance on the prevention, identification, assessment and management of overweight and obesity in adults and children. London. 2006.
    1. Artinian NT, Fletcher GF, Mozaffarian D, Kris-Etherton P, Van Horn L, Lichtenstein AH, Kumanyika S, Kraus WE, Fleg JL, Redeker NS, Meininger JC, Banks J, Stuart-Shor EM, Fletcher BJ, Miller TD, Hughes S, Braun LT, Kopin LA, Berra K, Hayman LL, Ewing LJ, Ades PA, Durstine JL, Houston-Miller N, Burke LE. on behalf of the American Heart Association Prevention Committee of the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing. Interventions to promote physical activity and dietary lifestyle changes for cardiovascular risk factor reduction in adults: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2010;122(4):406–441. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0b013e3181e8edf1.
    1. American Association of Diabetes Educators. AADE guidelines for the practice of diabetes self-management education and training Chicago. 2009.
    1. Hardeman W, Griffin S, Johnston M, Kinmonth AL, Wareham NJ. Interventions to prevent weight gain: a systematic review of psychological models and behaviour change methods. Int J Obes. 2000;24:131–143. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801100.
    1. Smith J, Deno S, Pronk N, Reinhardt L. Behavioural therapy programs for weight loss in adults: ICSI Technology Assessment Report. Minnesota: Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement; 2005.

Source: PubMed

Спонсоры и соавторы

Заболевания

Медикаментозные вмешательства

Подписаться