Effect of Virtual Reality on Pain, Anxiety and Vital Signs During Diabetic Foot Care
7 maj 2026 uppdaterad av: Yasemin Özkul, Malatya Turgut Ozal University
The Effect of Virtual Reality Intervention on Pain Level, State Anxiety, and Vital Signs During Foot Care in Individuals With Diabetic Foot Ulcers
This study aims to determine the effects of a virtual reality (VR) intervention on pain level, state anxiety, and vital signs during foot care in individuals with diabetic foot ulcers.
The study was designed as a randomized controlled trial and includes 64 individuals with diabetes (intervention=32, control=32).
The intervention group will receive VR during diabetic foot care, while the control group will receive standard care.
Data will be collected at pre-test and post-test using the Demographic Information Form, Vital Signs Form, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain.
Data analysis will be performed using SPSS 22.0.
Studieöversikt
Status
Avslutad
Betingelser
Intervention / Behandling
Studietyp
Interventionell
Inskrivning (Faktisk)
64
Fas
- Inte tillämpbar
Kontakter och platser
Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.
Studieorter
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Malatya
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Malatya, Malatya, Turkiet (Türkiye), 4400
- Malatya Turgut Özal University Training and Research Hospital
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Deltagandekriterier
Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.
Urvalskriterier
Åldrar som är berättigade till studier
- Vuxen
- Äldre vuxen
Tar emot friska volontärer
Nej
Beskrivning
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 18 years and older Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic foot ulcer classified as Wagner stage 3 or 4 No mental or physical condition that would interfere with communication or participation No visual or hearing impairment Ability to understand and speak Turkish Willingness to participate in the study
Exclusion Criteria:
- Presence of chronic wounds other than diabetic foot ulcer (e.g., arterial or venous ulcers) Age under 18 years
Studieplan
Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.
Hur är studien utformad?
Designdetaljer
- Primärt syfte: Stödjande vård
- Tilldelning: Randomiserad
- Interventionsmodell: Parallellt uppdrag
- Maskning: Ingen (Open Label)
Vapen och interventioner
Deltagargrupp / Arm |
Intervention / Behandling |
|---|---|
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Experimentell: Intervention Group (VR Group)
Participants received virtual reality (VR) intervention during diabetic foot care procedures in addition to standard care.
VR was used as a non-pharmacological distraction method during the procedure.
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Participants in the intervention group received virtual reality (VR) exposure during diabetic foot care procedures.
A virtual reality headset was used as a non-pharmacological distraction method to reduce pain and anxiety.
The VR intervention was applied during the procedure in addition to standard diabetic foot care.
Vital signs such as blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature were monitored before and after the procedure to evaluate physiological responses.
Andra namn:
Participants in the control group received standard diabetic foot care according to institutional protocols, without any virtual reality intervention.
Vital signs including blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature were monitored before and after the procedure.
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Aktiv komparator: Control Group
Participants received standard diabetic foot care without virtual reality intervention.
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Participants in the control group received standard diabetic foot care according to institutional protocols, without any virtual reality intervention.
Vital signs including blood pressure, pulse rate, respiratory rate, oxygen saturation, and body temperature were monitored before and after the procedure.
|
Vad mäter studien?
Primära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Pain Level
Tidsram: Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Pain intensity measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), a 10 cm horizontal line anchored at 0 (no pain) and 10 (worst imaginable pain).
Higher scores indicate greater pain.
Change is calculated as post-test score minus pre-test score.
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Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Sekundära resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
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Change in State Anxiety
Tidsram: Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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State anxiety measured using the State subscale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI-I), a validated 20-item self-report scale scored 20-80.
Higher scores indicate greater anxiety.
Change is calculated as post-test score minus pre-test score.
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Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Andra resultatmått
Resultatmått |
Åtgärdsbeskrivning |
Tidsram |
|---|---|---|
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Change in Body Temperature
Tidsram: Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Body temperature (°C) measured using a non-contact infrared thermometer (Life Net Medical JA-11C).
Change is calculated as post-test value minus pre-test value.
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Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Change in Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂)
Tidsram: Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO₂, %) measured using a fingertip pulse oximeter (Life Net Medical PFX033).
Change is calculated as post-test value minus pre-test value.
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Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Change in Pulse Rate
Tidsram: Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Pulse rate (beats per minute) measured using a fingertip pulse oximeter (Life Net Medical PFX033).
Change is calculated as post-test value minus pre-test value.
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Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Change in Respiratory Rate
Tidsram: Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Respiratory rate (breaths per minute) assessed by direct observation and counting by the researcher.
Change is calculated as post-test value minus pre-test value.
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Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Change in Systolic Blood Pressure
Tidsram: Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) measured using an upper-arm automated sphygmomanometer (Omron M3 Comfort HEM-7155-E) after the participant had been seated and resting for at least 5 minutes.
Change is calculated as post-test value minus pre-test value.
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Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Change in Diastolic Blood Pressure
Tidsram: Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) measured using an upper-arm automated sphygmomanometer (Omron M3 Comfort HEM-7155-E) after the participant had been seated and resting for at least 5 minutes.
Change is calculated as post-test value minus pre-test value.
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Pre-test: approximately 5 minutes before foot care; Post-test: within 0-2 minutes after completion of foot care
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Samarbetspartners och utredare
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Sponsor
Studieavstämningsdatum
Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.
Studera stora datum
Studiestart (Faktisk)
9 december 2024
Primärt slutförande (Faktisk)
15 juni 2025
Avslutad studie (Faktisk)
15 juni 2025
Studieregistreringsdatum
Först inskickad
30 april 2026
Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
7 maj 2026
Första postat (Faktisk)
14 maj 2026
Uppdateringar av studier
Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)
14 maj 2026
Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna
7 maj 2026
Senast verifierad
1 maj 2026
Mer information
Termer relaterade till denna studie
Ytterligare relevanta MeSH-villkor
- Neurologiska manifestationer
- Sjukdomar i det endokrina systemet
- Kärlsjukdomar
- Hjärt-kärlsjukdomar
- Mentala störningar
- Diabetes mellitus
- Diabetiska angiopatier
- Diabeteskomplikationer
- Hudsjukdomar
- Hudsår
- Bensår
- Diabetiska neuropatier
- Fotsår
- Patologiska tillstånd, tecken och symtom
- Hud- och bindvävssjukdomar
- Tecken och symtom
- Smärta
- Ångeststörningar
- Diabetesfot
Andra studie-ID-nummer
- E-30785963-020-266758
Plan för individuella deltagardata (IPD)
Planerar du att dela individuella deltagardata (IPD)?
NEJ
IPD-planbeskrivning
Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared due to patient privacy and confidentiality concerns.
The data are collected within a single institutional clinical study for academic thesis purposes and are not planned for public data sharing.
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