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Mental Effort During Low Load Resistance Training in Older Adults

6 juli 2026 uppdaterad av: Garrett Hester, Kennesaw State University

The Effect of Maximal Mental Effort During Resistance Training on Physical Function and Motor Unit Behavior in Older Adults

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine the effect of maximal mental effort combined with low-intensity resistance training on strength and neuromuscular function in older adults. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Does low-intensity resistance training in combination with maximal mental effort increase strength more than low intensity resistance training alone?
  • Does low-intensity resistance training in combination with maximal mental effort improve neuromuscular function more than low intensity resistance training alone?

Participants will be randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups:

  • Low intensity resistance training
  • Low intensity resistance training with maximal mental effort
  • Control Researchers will compare groups to determine differences in changes in strength, neuromuscular function, and body composition.

Studieöversikt

Status

Rekrytering

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljerad beskrivning

Participants in both training groups will perform 8 weeks of low intensity, whole-body resistance training. Participants in the control group will participate in all testing procedures but not perform any training. Participants from all groups will be instructed to otherwise maintain their normal physical activity levels and dietary habits.

All training sessions will be supervised by research personnel at a Kennesaw State University fitness center. Participants will complete 2 training sessions per week for 8 weeks. Each training session will last about 45-60 minutes and consist of 5 exercises, including both multi-joint (leg press, chest press, back row) and single-joint (knee extension, bicep curl) exercises. Participants will perform 2 sets of 15 repetitions for each exercise for the first 2 weeks, then volume will be increased by progressing to 3 sets for the remaining 6 weeks. There will be a 60-second rest interval between sets and a similar tempo will be used between groups.

Both training groups will perform the same training protocol, but participants in the maximal mental effort group will mentally urge their muscles to contract maximally during each repetition. That is, despite using a low intensity, participants will imagine the feeling of maximal muscle contraction of the primary muscles during each repetition.

Several measures of strength, neuromuscular function, physical function, and body composition will be measured before and after the training or control period.

Studietyp

Interventionell

Inskrivning (Beräknad)

75

Fas

  • Inte tillämpbar

Kontakter och platser

Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.

Studiekontakt

  • Namn: Garrett Hester Professor of Exercise Science
  • Telefonnummer: 470-578-4267
  • E-post: ghester4@kennesaw.edu

Studieorter

  • Förenta staterna
    • Georgia
      • Kennesaw, Georgia, Förenta staterna, 30144
        • Rekrytering
        • Kennesaw State University
        • Kontakt:

Deltagandekriterier

Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.

Urvalskriterier

Åldrar som är berättigade till studier

  • Äldre vuxen

Tar emot friska volontärer

Ja

Beskrivning

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Body mass index between 18.5 - 33 kg·m2
  • No structured physical activity in past 2 years
  • Any unstable condition contradicting exercise
  • Independently walk with or without assistive device
  • No significant cognitive impairment

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Score of 22 or lower on Montreal Cognitive Assessment
  • Missing more than 3 training sessions (training groups only)
  • Pacemaker
  • Unstable angina
  • Symptomatic heart failure
  • Uncontrolled arrythmias
  • Uncontrolled hypertension (greater or equal to 160/90)
  • Myocardial infarction in the past 6 months
  • Uncontrolled type 2 diabetes
  • Type 1 diabetes
  • Severe or unstable pulmonary conditions,
  • Currently on supplemental oxygen therapy
  • Severe hearing loss or visual impairment
  • Alzheimer's Disease or significant cognitive impairment
  • Stroke in the past 6 months or ongoing stroke-induced motor impairment
  • Any neurological (e.g., Parkinson's) condition affecting motor control
  • Undergoing chemotherapy
  • Surgery in past 6 months
  • Musculoskeletal injury in the past 6 months
  • Terminal illness
  • Stage 3 or greater chronic kidney disease

Studieplan

Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.

Hur är studien utformad?

Designdetaljer

  • Primärt syfte: Övrig
  • Tilldelning: Randomiserad
  • Interventionsmodell: Parallellt uppdrag
  • Maskning: Enda

Vapen och interventioner

Deltagargrupp / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Inget ingripande: Kontrollera
Denna grupp kommer inte att utföra någon träning och behålla sin vanliga fysiska aktivitetsnivå.
Experimentell: Low Intensity Resistance Training
This group will perform low intensity, whole-body resistance training.
Beteende: Low Intensity Resistance Training
This training intervention will be 8 weeks of low intensity resistance training, including whole-body and isolated muscle exercises.
Experimentell: Low Intensity Resistance Training with Maximal Mental Effort
This group will perform low intensity, whole-body resistance training with maximal mental effort during muscle contraction.
Beteende: Low Intensity Resistance Training with Maximal Mental Effort
This training intervention will be 8 weeks of low intensity resistance training, including whole-body and isolated muscle exercises, where participants will perform maximal mental effort by imagining maximal muscle contraction during each exercise.

Vad mäter studien?

Primära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Change in isokinetic strength of the knee extensors at 60 degrees per second
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Dynamic strength of the knee extensors contracting at a constant velocity
Baseline, Week 8

Sekundära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Change in isokinetic knee extensor muscle activation as measured by electromyography amplitude
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Electromyography root mean square during isokinetic contraction divided by root mean square during isometric contraction
Baseline, Week 8
Change in isometric knee extensor strength as measured by newton-meters of torque
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Isometric strength of a muscle
Baseline, Week 8
Change in knee extensor muscle activation as measured by electromyography amplitude
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
A measure of the capacity at which the muscle is activated by the nervous system
Baseline, Week 8
Change in motor unit firing rate as measured relative to the motor unit recruitment threshold
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
A measure of how nervous system input produces force output during an isometric contraction
Baseline, Week 8
Change in motor unit action potential size as measured relative to the motor unit recruitment threshold
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
A measure of how nervous system input produces force output during an isometric contraction
Baseline, Week 8
Change in handgrip strength as measured in kilograms of force
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Upper-body strength as measured by a handgrip dynamometer
Baseline, Week 8
Change in walking speed as measured by time taken to walk 4 meters
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Measure of lower-body physical function
Baseline, Week 8
Change in chair rise performance as measured by number of chair rises performed in 30 seconds
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Measure of lower-body physical function
Baseline, Week 8
Change in bicep curl strength as measured by load lifted in pounds
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Maximum dumbbell load lifted successfully throughout the range of motion of a bicep curl
Baseline, Week 8
Change in dynamic strength of the lower body muscles during the leg press as measured by load lifted in pounds for 5 repetitions
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 5, Week 8
Measure of dynamic strength during the leg press exercise
Baseline, Week 5, Week 8
Change in muscle composition as measured by ultrasound-derived grey-scale analysis
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Echo-intensity value derived from grey-scale analysis is indicative of amount of non-contractile tissue in muscle
Baseline, Week 8
Change in skeletal muscle size as measured by ultrasound-derived cross-sectional area
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Size of a muscle
Baseline, Week 8
Change in fat mass as measured by kilograms
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Amount of fat tissue a person possesses estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Baseline, Week 8
Change in fat-free mass as measured by kilograms
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Amount of non-fat tissue a person possesses estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Baseline, Week 8
Change in body fat percentage as measured by fat tissue relative to fat-free tissue
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Relative amount of body fat a person possesses estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Baseline, Week 8
Change in cognitive function as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Tidsram: Baseline, Week 8
Assessment of cognitive function where 0 is the lowest score and 30 is the highest score and a higher score represents higher cognitive function.
Baseline, Week 8

Samarbetspartners och utredare

Det är här du hittar personer och organisationer som är involverade i denna studie.

Sponsor

Kennesaw State University

Studieavstämningsdatum

Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.

Studera stora datum

Studiestart (Faktisk)

6 juni 2026

Primärt slutförande (Beräknad)

1 december 2027

Avslutad studie (Beräknad)

1 december 2027

Studieregistreringsdatum

Först inskickad

30 juni 2026

Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

30 juni 2026

Första postat (Faktisk)

7 juli 2026

Uppdateringar av studier

Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)

8 juli 2026

Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

6 juli 2026

Senast verifierad

1 juli 2026

Mer information

Termer relaterade till denna studie

Nyckelord

Ytterligare relevanta MeSH-villkor

Andra studie-ID-nummer

  • 2026-Hester

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