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Mental Effort During Low Load Resistance Training in Older Adults

6 juli 2026 bijgewerkt door: Garrett Hester, Kennesaw State University

The Effect of Maximal Mental Effort During Resistance Training on Physical Function and Motor Unit Behavior in Older Adults

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine the effect of maximal mental effort combined with low-intensity resistance training on strength and neuromuscular function in older adults. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Does low-intensity resistance training in combination with maximal mental effort increase strength more than low intensity resistance training alone?
  • Does low-intensity resistance training in combination with maximal mental effort improve neuromuscular function more than low intensity resistance training alone?

Participants will be randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups:

  • Low intensity resistance training
  • Low intensity resistance training with maximal mental effort
  • Control Researchers will compare groups to determine differences in changes in strength, neuromuscular function, and body composition.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Werving

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Gedetailleerde beschrijving

Participants in both training groups will perform 8 weeks of low intensity, whole-body resistance training. Participants in the control group will participate in all testing procedures but not perform any training. Participants from all groups will be instructed to otherwise maintain their normal physical activity levels and dietary habits.

All training sessions will be supervised by research personnel at a Kennesaw State University fitness center. Participants will complete 2 training sessions per week for 8 weeks. Each training session will last about 45-60 minutes and consist of 5 exercises, including both multi-joint (leg press, chest press, back row) and single-joint (knee extension, bicep curl) exercises. Participants will perform 2 sets of 15 repetitions for each exercise for the first 2 weeks, then volume will be increased by progressing to 3 sets for the remaining 6 weeks. There will be a 60-second rest interval between sets and a similar tempo will be used between groups.

Both training groups will perform the same training protocol, but participants in the maximal mental effort group will mentally urge their muscles to contract maximally during each repetition. That is, despite using a low intensity, participants will imagine the feeling of maximal muscle contraction of the primary muscles during each repetition.

Several measures of strength, neuromuscular function, physical function, and body composition will be measured before and after the training or control period.

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Geschat)

75

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

  • Naam: Garrett Hester Professor of Exercise Science
  • Telefoonnummer: 470-578-4267
  • E-mail: ghester4@kennesaw.edu

Studie Locaties

  • Verenigde Staten
    • Georgia
      • Kennesaw, Georgia, Verenigde Staten, 30144
        • Werving
        • Kennesaw State University
        • Contact:

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Oudere volwassene

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Ja

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Body mass index between 18.5 - 33 kg·m2
  • No structured physical activity in past 2 years
  • Any unstable condition contradicting exercise
  • Independently walk with or without assistive device
  • No significant cognitive impairment

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Score of 22 or lower on Montreal Cognitive Assessment
  • Missing more than 3 training sessions (training groups only)
  • Pacemaker
  • Unstable angina
  • Symptomatic heart failure
  • Uncontrolled arrythmias
  • Uncontrolled hypertension (greater or equal to 160/90)
  • Myocardial infarction in the past 6 months
  • Uncontrolled type 2 diabetes
  • Type 1 diabetes
  • Severe or unstable pulmonary conditions,
  • Currently on supplemental oxygen therapy
  • Severe hearing loss or visual impairment
  • Alzheimer's Disease or significant cognitive impairment
  • Stroke in the past 6 months or ongoing stroke-induced motor impairment
  • Any neurological (e.g., Parkinson's) condition affecting motor control
  • Undergoing chemotherapy
  • Surgery in past 6 months
  • Musculoskeletal injury in the past 6 months
  • Terminal illness
  • Stage 3 or greater chronic kidney disease

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Ander
  • Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
  • Masker: Enkel

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Geen tussenkomst: Controle
Deze groep zal geen enkele training uitvoeren en hun normale fysieke activiteit behouden.
Experimenteel: Low Intensity Resistance Training
This group will perform low intensity, whole-body resistance training.
Gedragsmatig: Low Intensity Resistance Training
This training intervention will be 8 weeks of low intensity resistance training, including whole-body and isolated muscle exercises.
Experimenteel: Low Intensity Resistance Training with Maximal Mental Effort
This group will perform low intensity, whole-body resistance training with maximal mental effort during muscle contraction.
Gedragsmatig: Low Intensity Resistance Training with Maximal Mental Effort
This training intervention will be 8 weeks of low intensity resistance training, including whole-body and isolated muscle exercises, where participants will perform maximal mental effort by imagining maximal muscle contraction during each exercise.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Change in isokinetic strength of the knee extensors at 60 degrees per second
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Dynamic strength of the knee extensors contracting at a constant velocity
Baseline, Week 8

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Change in isokinetic knee extensor muscle activation as measured by electromyography amplitude
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Electromyography root mean square during isokinetic contraction divided by root mean square during isometric contraction
Baseline, Week 8
Change in isometric knee extensor strength as measured by newton-meters of torque
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Isometric strength of a muscle
Baseline, Week 8
Change in knee extensor muscle activation as measured by electromyography amplitude
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
A measure of the capacity at which the muscle is activated by the nervous system
Baseline, Week 8
Change in motor unit firing rate as measured relative to the motor unit recruitment threshold
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
A measure of how nervous system input produces force output during an isometric contraction
Baseline, Week 8
Change in motor unit action potential size as measured relative to the motor unit recruitment threshold
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
A measure of how nervous system input produces force output during an isometric contraction
Baseline, Week 8
Change in handgrip strength as measured in kilograms of force
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Upper-body strength as measured by a handgrip dynamometer
Baseline, Week 8
Change in walking speed as measured by time taken to walk 4 meters
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Measure of lower-body physical function
Baseline, Week 8
Change in chair rise performance as measured by number of chair rises performed in 30 seconds
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Measure of lower-body physical function
Baseline, Week 8
Change in bicep curl strength as measured by load lifted in pounds
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Maximum dumbbell load lifted successfully throughout the range of motion of a bicep curl
Baseline, Week 8
Change in dynamic strength of the lower body muscles during the leg press as measured by load lifted in pounds for 5 repetitions
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 5, Week 8
Measure of dynamic strength during the leg press exercise
Baseline, Week 5, Week 8
Change in muscle composition as measured by ultrasound-derived grey-scale analysis
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Echo-intensity value derived from grey-scale analysis is indicative of amount of non-contractile tissue in muscle
Baseline, Week 8
Change in skeletal muscle size as measured by ultrasound-derived cross-sectional area
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Size of a muscle
Baseline, Week 8
Change in fat mass as measured by kilograms
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Amount of fat tissue a person possesses estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Baseline, Week 8
Change in fat-free mass as measured by kilograms
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Amount of non-fat tissue a person possesses estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Baseline, Week 8
Change in body fat percentage as measured by fat tissue relative to fat-free tissue
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Relative amount of body fat a person possesses estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Baseline, Week 8
Change in cognitive function as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Tijdsspanne: Baseline, Week 8
Assessment of cognitive function where 0 is the lowest score and 30 is the highest score and a higher score represents higher cognitive function.
Baseline, Week 8

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Kennesaw State University

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Werkelijk)

6 juni 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

1 december 2027

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

1 december 2027

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

30 juni 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

30 juni 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

7 juli 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

8 juli 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

6 juli 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 juli 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Trefwoorden

Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • 2026-Hester

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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