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Mental Effort During Low Load Resistance Training in Older Adults

6. juli 2026 opdateret af: Garrett Hester, Kennesaw State University

The Effect of Maximal Mental Effort During Resistance Training on Physical Function and Motor Unit Behavior in Older Adults

The goal of this clinical trial is to determine the effect of maximal mental effort combined with low-intensity resistance training on strength and neuromuscular function in older adults. The main questions it aims to answer are:

  • Does low-intensity resistance training in combination with maximal mental effort increase strength more than low intensity resistance training alone?
  • Does low-intensity resistance training in combination with maximal mental effort improve neuromuscular function more than low intensity resistance training alone?

Participants will be randomly assigned to 1 of 3 groups:

  • Low intensity resistance training
  • Low intensity resistance training with maximal mental effort
  • Control Researchers will compare groups to determine differences in changes in strength, neuromuscular function, and body composition.

Studieoversigt

Status

Rekruttering

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Participants in both training groups will perform 8 weeks of low intensity, whole-body resistance training. Participants in the control group will participate in all testing procedures but not perform any training. Participants from all groups will be instructed to otherwise maintain their normal physical activity levels and dietary habits.

All training sessions will be supervised by research personnel at a Kennesaw State University fitness center. Participants will complete 2 training sessions per week for 8 weeks. Each training session will last about 45-60 minutes and consist of 5 exercises, including both multi-joint (leg press, chest press, back row) and single-joint (knee extension, bicep curl) exercises. Participants will perform 2 sets of 15 repetitions for each exercise for the first 2 weeks, then volume will be increased by progressing to 3 sets for the remaining 6 weeks. There will be a 60-second rest interval between sets and a similar tempo will be used between groups.

Both training groups will perform the same training protocol, but participants in the maximal mental effort group will mentally urge their muscles to contract maximally during each repetition. That is, despite using a low intensity, participants will imagine the feeling of maximal muscle contraction of the primary muscles during each repetition.

Several measures of strength, neuromuscular function, physical function, and body composition will be measured before and after the training or control period.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

75

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

  • Navn: Garrett Hester Professor of Exercise Science
  • Telefonnummer: 470-578-4267
  • E-mail: ghester4@kennesaw.edu

Studiesteder

  • Forenede Stater
    • Georgia
      • Kennesaw, Georgia, Forenede Stater, 30144
        • Rekruttering
        • Kennesaw State University
        • Kontakt:

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Ældre voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Body mass index between 18.5 - 33 kg·m2
  • No structured physical activity in past 2 years
  • Any unstable condition contradicting exercise
  • Independently walk with or without assistive device
  • No significant cognitive impairment

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Score of 22 or lower on Montreal Cognitive Assessment
  • Missing more than 3 training sessions (training groups only)
  • Pacemaker
  • Unstable angina
  • Symptomatic heart failure
  • Uncontrolled arrythmias
  • Uncontrolled hypertension (greater or equal to 160/90)
  • Myocardial infarction in the past 6 months
  • Uncontrolled type 2 diabetes
  • Type 1 diabetes
  • Severe or unstable pulmonary conditions,
  • Currently on supplemental oxygen therapy
  • Severe hearing loss or visual impairment
  • Alzheimer's Disease or significant cognitive impairment
  • Stroke in the past 6 months or ongoing stroke-induced motor impairment
  • Any neurological (e.g., Parkinson's) condition affecting motor control
  • Undergoing chemotherapy
  • Surgery in past 6 months
  • Musculoskeletal injury in the past 6 months
  • Terminal illness
  • Stage 3 or greater chronic kidney disease

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Andet
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Ingen indgriben: Styring
Denne gruppe vil ikke udføre nogen træning og opretholde deres regelmæssige fysiske aktivitetsniveau.
Eksperimentel: Low Intensity Resistance Training
This group will perform low intensity, whole-body resistance training.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Low Intensity Resistance Training
This training intervention will be 8 weeks of low intensity resistance training, including whole-body and isolated muscle exercises.
Eksperimentel: Low Intensity Resistance Training with Maximal Mental Effort
This group will perform low intensity, whole-body resistance training with maximal mental effort during muscle contraction.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Low Intensity Resistance Training with Maximal Mental Effort
This training intervention will be 8 weeks of low intensity resistance training, including whole-body and isolated muscle exercises, where participants will perform maximal mental effort by imagining maximal muscle contraction during each exercise.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in isokinetic strength of the knee extensors at 60 degrees per second
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Dynamic strength of the knee extensors contracting at a constant velocity
Baseline, Week 8

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in isokinetic knee extensor muscle activation as measured by electromyography amplitude
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Electromyography root mean square during isokinetic contraction divided by root mean square during isometric contraction
Baseline, Week 8
Change in isometric knee extensor strength as measured by newton-meters of torque
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Isometric strength of a muscle
Baseline, Week 8
Change in knee extensor muscle activation as measured by electromyography amplitude
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
A measure of the capacity at which the muscle is activated by the nervous system
Baseline, Week 8
Change in motor unit firing rate as measured relative to the motor unit recruitment threshold
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
A measure of how nervous system input produces force output during an isometric contraction
Baseline, Week 8
Change in motor unit action potential size as measured relative to the motor unit recruitment threshold
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
A measure of how nervous system input produces force output during an isometric contraction
Baseline, Week 8
Change in handgrip strength as measured in kilograms of force
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Upper-body strength as measured by a handgrip dynamometer
Baseline, Week 8
Change in walking speed as measured by time taken to walk 4 meters
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Measure of lower-body physical function
Baseline, Week 8
Change in chair rise performance as measured by number of chair rises performed in 30 seconds
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Measure of lower-body physical function
Baseline, Week 8
Change in bicep curl strength as measured by load lifted in pounds
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Maximum dumbbell load lifted successfully throughout the range of motion of a bicep curl
Baseline, Week 8
Change in dynamic strength of the lower body muscles during the leg press as measured by load lifted in pounds for 5 repetitions
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 5, Week 8
Measure of dynamic strength during the leg press exercise
Baseline, Week 5, Week 8
Change in muscle composition as measured by ultrasound-derived grey-scale analysis
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Echo-intensity value derived from grey-scale analysis is indicative of amount of non-contractile tissue in muscle
Baseline, Week 8
Change in skeletal muscle size as measured by ultrasound-derived cross-sectional area
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Size of a muscle
Baseline, Week 8
Change in fat mass as measured by kilograms
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Amount of fat tissue a person possesses estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Baseline, Week 8
Change in fat-free mass as measured by kilograms
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Amount of non-fat tissue a person possesses estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Baseline, Week 8
Change in body fat percentage as measured by fat tissue relative to fat-free tissue
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Relative amount of body fat a person possesses estimated by bioelectrical impedance analysis
Baseline, Week 8
Change in cognitive function as measured by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Tidsramme: Baseline, Week 8
Assessment of cognitive function where 0 is the lowest score and 30 is the highest score and a higher score represents higher cognitive function.
Baseline, Week 8

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Kennesaw State University

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

6. juni 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

1. december 2027

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

1. december 2027

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

30. juni 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

30. juni 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

7. juli 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

8. juli 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

6. juli 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. juli 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • 2026-Hester

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