Cyclophosphamide, Fludarabine, and High-Dose Interleukin-2 in Treating Patients With Metastatic Melanoma

April 9, 2013 updated by: Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center

High Dose Interleukin-2 (IL-2) Therapy In "Lymphodepleted Primed" Patients With Metastatic Melanoma

RATIONALE: Drugs used in chemotherapy, such as cyclophosphamide and fludarabine, work in different ways to stop tumor cells from dividing so they stop growing or die. Interleukin-2 may stimulate a person's white blood cells to kill tumor cells and may help a person's immune system recover from the side effects of chemotherapy.

PURPOSE: This phase II trial is studying how well giving cyclophosphamide and fludarabine together with high-dose interleukin-2 works in treating patients with metastatic melanoma.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

OBJECTIVES:

Primary

  • Determine the objective response rate in lymphodepleted patients with metastatic melanoma treated with cyclophosphamide, fludarabine, and high-dose interleukin-2.
  • Determine the feasibility of this regimen in these patients.

Secondary

  • Determine the quality and quantity of lymphocyte recovery in these patients during and after treatment with this regimen.
  • Determine time to disease progression and survival in patients treated with this regimen.

OUTLINE: This is an open-label, multicenter study.

Patients receive lymphodepleting therapy comprising cyclophosphamide IV over 1 hour on days 1 and 2 and fludarabine IV over 30 minutes on days 3-7. Patients then receive high-dose interleukin-2 IV every 8 hours (14 doses) on days 8-12 and 22-26. Patients also receive sargramostim (GM-CSF) subcutaneously beginning on day 8 and continuing until blood counts recover. Treatment continues in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Patients are followed every 3 months.

PROJECTED ACCRUAL: A total of 18-33 patients will be accrued for this study.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

20

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • New Hampshire
      • Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States, 03756-0002
        • Norris Cotton Cancer Center at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Histologically confirmed melanoma
  • Metastatic disease
  • Measurable disease
  • No history of brain metastases
  • Over 18
  • Karnofsky 60-100%
  • Life expectancy At least 12 weeks
  • Hematopoietic
  • Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,000/mm^3
  • Platelet count ≥ 75,000/mm^3
  • Hemoglobin ≥ 8.5 g/dL
  • aspartate aminotransferase ≤ 2 times upper limit of normal (ULN) (5 times ULN if liver metastases are present)
  • Bilirubin ≤ 2 times ULN (except for patients with Gilbert's syndrome)
  • Hepatitis B and C negative
  • Creatinine ≤ 2.0 times ULN
  • Creatinine clearance ≥ 50 mL/min
  • Cardiovascular
  • Ejection fraction ≥ 50%
  • No evidence of congestive heart failure
  • No symptoms of coronary artery disease
  • No serious cardiac arrhythmias
  • No myocardial infarction within the past 6 months
  • Cardiac stress test negative or of low probability for patients > 40 years of age OR who have had prior myocardial infarction > 6 months ago
  • Pulmonary Forced expiratory volume 1 ≥ 2.0 liters OR at least 75% of predicted for height and age
  • Diffusing capacity of lung for carbon monoxide ≥ 60%
  • Not pregnant or nursing
  • Negative pregnancy test
  • Fertile patients must use effective contraception
  • HIV negative

Exclusion Criteria:

  • No uncontrolled diabetes
  • No history of autoimmune disease
  • No active infection
  • No other concurrent significant illness that would preclude study participation
  • No other malignancy within the past 5 years except nonmelanoma skin cancer or non-invasive cancer (e.g., carcinoma in situ of the cervix, superficial bladder cancer without local recurrence, or carcinoma in situ of the breast)
  • At least 4 weeks since prior immunotherapy and recovered
  • No other concurrent anticancer biologic agents
  • At least 4 weeks since prior chemotherapy (6 weeks for nitrosoureas) and recovered
  • No concurrent chemotherapy
  • At least 4 weeks since prior steroid therapy
  • No concurrent corticosteroids
  • At least 4 weeks since prior radiotherapy and recovered
  • No concurrent radiotherapy
  • At least 4 weeks since prior surgery and recovered
  • No concurrent immunosuppressive therapy

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: IL-2, CTX, fludarabine, GM-CSF
Aldesleukin (IL-2), cyclophosphamide, fludarabine phosphate, sargramostim
Biological: aldesleukin
‡Interleukin-2 (aldesleukin) IV (600,000 U/kg; Chiron, Emeryville, CA): two 5-day courses on days 8 and 22. Interleukin-2 was given over 15 minutes every 8 hours. Goal is 14 doses/5-day course
Other Names:
  • Aldesleukin; IL-2; HD IL-2; Interleukin-2
Biological: sargramostim
GM-CSF was given subcutaneously daily from day 8 until absolute granulocyte count exceeds 5,000 cells/mL for 2 consecutive days.
Other Names:
  • GM-CSF; granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Drug: cyclophosphamide
Cyclophosphamide (60 mg/kg/d; Baxter, Deerfield, IL) intravenously (IV) for 2 days with sodium 2- mercaptoethanesulfonate (Mesna; Sicor, Irvine, CA) at 20% of cyclophosphamide dose IV 15 minutes before and 40% of the cyclophosphamide dose orally at 2 and 6 hours after the initiation of chemotherapy.
Other Names:
  • cyclophosphamide,Cytoxan
Drug: fludarabine phosphate
Fludarabine IV (25 mg/M2/day)-five daily doses from Day 3
Other Names:
  • Fludara

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Number of partiCIPANTS WITH OBJECTIVE RESPONSE AS MEASURED BY RECIST
Time Frame: Response at 12 weeks
Objective response as measured by radiological and physical examination using RECIST criteria.
Response at 12 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Number of Participants With Lymphocyte Recovery as Measured by Blood Count
Time Frame: on days 1-15, weekly for 2 weeks, and then every 2-3 months
Lymphocyte recovery to a greater than 1000 cells/mcL was determined by differential peripheral blood cell counts on sequential days as noted in time frame.
on days 1-15, weekly for 2 weeks, and then every 2-3 months
Time to Progression as Measured by RECIST
Time Frame: From date of randomization until the first date of documented progression or date of death from any cause, which ever came first, assessed up till 100 months
Clinical outcome used the National Cancer Institute's Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)1.0.
From date of randomization until the first date of documented progression or date of death from any cause, which ever came first, assessed up till 100 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center

Collaborators

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Investigators

  • Study Chair: Marc S. Ernstoff, MD, Norris Cotton Cancer Center

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

February 1, 2004

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2008

Study Completion (Actual)

February 1, 2010

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 10, 2004

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 10, 2004

First Posted (Estimate)

June 11, 2004

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

April 10, 2013

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 9, 2013

Last Verified

April 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • CDR0000370788
  • P30CA023108 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
  • DMS-0320 (Other Identifier: Dartmouth-Hitchcock)
  • DMS-16531 (Other Identifier: Dartmouth-Hitchcock)

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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