- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT00124267
Efficacy of Intrarectal Versus Intravenous Quinine for the Treatment of Childhood Cerebral Malaria
Efficacy of Intrarectal Versus Intravenous Quinine for the Treatment of Childhood Cerebral Malaria: a Randomized Clinical Trial
Study Overview
Detailed Description
Cerebral malaria is the most lethal complication of P.falciparum infection with a mortality rate between 5 and 40%. Intravenous quinine remains the recommended treatment for cerebral malaria. However its administration is often not feasible due to lack of simple equipment or trained staff. When referral is not possible, a viable alternative is needed. The intrarectal route is of interest in children since it is painless and simple. A few studies in Francophone Africa have reported clinical efficacy and tolerance of intrarectal quinine. Although the studies were randomized trials, they were not blinded and did not use the WHO definition of cerebral malaria as selection criteria.
The current study aims to establish whether intrarectal quinine is as effective and as safe as intravenous quinine in the treatment of childhood cerebral malaria.
To address the shortcomings of the Francophone African studies, the investigators have designed a randomized, double blind placebo controlled clinical trial to include patients who meet the WHO definition of cerebral malaria.
Hypothesis:
Intrarectal quinine (15mg/kg every 8 hours) given to children with cerebral malaria, will lead to a shorter parasite clearance time (39.9 hours) than intravenous quinine (55.0 hours).
The investigators calculated a sample size of 54 patients in each group for 90% power and 95% confidence. In the calculation, the researchers assumed that the children receiving intrarectal quinine would have a mean parasite clearance time of 39.9 (SD 24.3) hours and those receiving intravenous quinine would have a mean parasite clearance time of 55.0(SD 24.3) hours (27.5% effect size), according to a study by Aceng, Byarugaba and Tumwine in the same hospital.
Study Type
Enrollment
Phase
- Phase 3
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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Kampala, Uganda, 7051
- Mulago Hospital
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Children aged 6 months to 5 years admitted to Mulago hospital during the study period who satisfy the World Health Organization (WHO) case definition of cerebral malaria (Unarousable coma lasting more than 30 minutes after a seizure, with peripheral asexual P.falciparum parasitaemia and absence of other causes of coma) and whose caretakers give informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients with diarrhea (more than 4 motions/24 hours)
- Any recent anal pathology (such as rectal bleeding, rectal prolapse)
- Documented quinine treatment in previous 48 hours.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Double
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
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Parasite clearance time
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Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
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Mortality
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Fever clearance time
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Time to begin oral intake
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Adverse drug events
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Coma recovery time
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Time to sit unsupported
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Neurological sequelae
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Jane Achan, MBChB, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Makerere University
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Aceng JR, Byarugaba JS, Tumwine JK. Rectal artemether versus intravenous quinine for the treatment of cerebral malaria in children in Uganda: randomised clinical trial. BMJ. 2005 Feb 12;330(7487):334. doi: 10.1136/bmj.330.7487.334.
- Pussard E, Straczek C, Kabore I, Bicaba A, Balima-Koussoube T, Bouree P, Barennes H. Dose-dependent resorption of quinine after intrarectal administration to children with moderate Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2004 Nov;48(11):4422-6. doi: 10.1128/AAC.48.11.4422-4426.2004.
- Barennes H, Sterlingot H, Nagot N, Meda H, Kabore M, Sanou M, Nacro B, Bouree P, Pussard E. Intrarectal pharmacokinetics of two formulations of quinine in children with falciparum malaria. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Feb;58(10):649-52. doi: 10.1007/s00228-002-0546-2. Epub 2003 Jan 29.
- Barennes H, Munjakazi J, Verdier F, Clavier F, Pussard E. An open randomized clinical study of intrarectal versus infused Quinimax for the treatment of childhood cerebral malaria in Niger. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1998 Jul-Aug;92(4):437-40. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(98)91083-5.
- Simoes EA, Peterson S, Gamatie Y, Kisanga FS, Mukasa G, Nsungwa-Sabiiti J, Were MW, Weber MW. Management of severely ill children at first-level health facilities in sub-Saharan Africa when referral is difficult. Bull World Health Organ. 2003;81(7):522-31. Epub 2003 Sep 3.
- Nakibuuka V, Ndeezi G, Nakiboneka D, Ndugwa CM, Tumwine JK. Presumptive treatment with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine versus weekly chloroquine for malaria prophylaxis in children with sickle cell anaemia in Uganda: a randomized controlled trial. Malar J. 2009 Oct 24;8:237. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-8-237.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start
Study Completion
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Estimate)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimate)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Central Nervous System Diseases
- Nervous System Diseases
- Infections
- Central Nervous System Infections
- Vector Borne Diseases
- Parasitic Diseases
- Protozoan Infections
- Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections
- Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections
- Malaria
- Malaria, Cerebral
- Physiological Effects of Drugs
- Anti-Infective Agents
- Peripheral Nervous System Agents
- Analgesics
- Sensory System Agents
- Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
- Antiprotozoal Agents
- Antiparasitic Agents
- Neuromuscular Agents
- Antimalarials
- Muscle Relaxants, Central
- Quinine
Other Study ID Numbers
- 2001/HD11/524/RQ
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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