Genetics and Markers of Degenerative and Inflammatory Eye Diseases

Epigenetics, Molecular Genetics, and Biomarkers of Degenerative and Inflammatory Ocular Diseases

This study will identify genes that are associated with inflammation or degeneration of the retina (membrane lining the back of the eye that relays vision signals to the brain). It is thought that many retinal conditions are due to an altered immune system and are based on how the person s genes function and communicate.

People 4 years of age or older who have a retinal condition such as uveitis, age-related macular degeneration or diabetic retinopathy may be eligible for this study. Healthy volunteers and healthy people who have a family member with one of these conditions are also eligible. Patients with inherited retinal degeneration are excluded.

Participants undergo the following tests and procedures:

• Eye examination to assess visual acuity (eye chart test) and eye pressure, and to examine the pupils, lenses, retina and eye movements. Photographs of the inside of the eye may also be taken. The pupils are dilated with drops for this examination.
• Blood draw for genetic testing.

Participants may also undergo one or more of the following tests:

• Optical coherence tomography. This is a type of photograph of the back of the eye to measure thickness of the retina.
• Fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography. Pictures of the eye s blood vessels are taken using either a fluorescein or indocyanine green dye. The dye is injected into a vein in an arm and travels to the blood vessels in the eyes. A camera takes pictures of the dye as it flows through the blood vessels.
• Electroretinogram (ERG) to measure retinal function. The patient sits in a dark room for 30 minutes with his or her eyes patched. Then, a small metal disk electrode is taped to the forehead, the eye patches are removed, the surface of the eye is numbed with eye drops, and contact lenses are placed on the eyes. The patient then watches flashing lights. The contact lenses sense small electrical signals generated by the retina when the light flashes....

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Uveitis; Diabetic Retinopathy; Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

Detailed Description

Objective:

This project will study epigenetic mechanisms, the inheritance of (both Mendelian and complex) and biomarkers of Immune Mediated Eye Diseases, in families of many nationalities and ethnic backgrounds in order to identify the genes that, when genetically mutated or epigenetically regulated, cause immune mediated eye disease, and the pathophysiology through which they act.

Study Population: The number of participants to be enrolled has no logical upper limit, but will be at 1,000 during the next five years. Race, age and sex matched controls, anonymous volunteers will also be needed to donate a blood sample. The study consists of ascertaining individuals and families with multiple individuals, if possible, affected by immune mediated ocular disease.

Design:

These patients and their families will undergo detailed ophthalmologic examinations and, where indicated, additional non-investigational examinations to characterize their ocular status. A blood sample will be collected from each individual and immunophenotyped using Flow Cytometry. Serum will be isolated for testing serological markers. One or more sub-populations of cells (including but not limited to CD4 plus and CD8 plus T cells, B cells, CD14 plus monocytes, dendritic cells, NK cells, neutrophils and granulocytes) will be isolated. DNA, RNA and chromatin may be isolated for further gene expression profiling and epigenetic studies. Association of genetic or epigenetic changes with ocular inflammatory disease in patients and their families will be identified using one of the techniques including but not limited to DNA-seq, BS-seq, MeDIP-seq, ChIP-seq, RNA-seq, microarray, PCR, and multicolor Flow Cytometry staining. DNA samples from the AREDS study, held under the DCR/NEI Repository protocol (07-EI-0168), will also be used for analysis. If necessary, the gene product or blood sample will be characterized biochemically.

Outcome Measures:

Immunophenotyping, gene expression and epigenetic changes will be reported using Statistical analysis performed using the t test or ANOVA and post-hoc testing with Fisher s least significant difference test. Unless otherwise noted, results are presented as the mean SEM. Biochemical, metabolic, and physiological effects will be individualized to the specific assay

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 609

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Maryland
    • Bethesda, Maryland, United States, 20892
      • National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 9000 Rockville Pike

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 4 years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

• INCLUSION CRITERIA:

Participants with the following will be recruited:

• Individuals or family members of individuals with immune mediated retinal disorders, including uveitis, age related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy.
• Adults must be capable of providing their own consent.
• All participants must be able to cooperate with study examination and phlebotomy.
• Children must be older than 4 years of age.

EXCLUSION CRITERIA:

• Individuals with diseases, infections, or trauma that mimic immune medicated retinal disorders.
• Children requiring sedation for study procedures.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Case-Control
• Time Perspectives: Other

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: National Eye Institute (NEI)

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Becker KG, Simon RM, Bailey-Wilson JE, Freidlin B, Biddison WE, McFarland HF, Trent JM. Clustering of non-major histocompatibility complex susceptibility candidate loci in human autoimmune diseases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Aug 18;95(17):9979-84. doi: 10.1073/pnas.95.17.9979.
• Richardson B. Primer: epigenetics of autoimmunity. Nat Clin Pract Rheumatol. 2007 Sep;3(9):521-7. doi: 10.1038/ncprheum0573.
• Carrel L, Willard HF. X-inactivation profile reveals extensive variability in X-linked gene expression in females. Nature. 2005 Mar 17;434(7031):400-4. doi: 10.1038/nature03479.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: March 27, 2008
• Primary Completion: December 7, 2022
• Study Completion: December 4, 2018

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 28, 2008
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 28, 2008
• First Posted (Estimate): March 31, 2008

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 10, 2018
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 7, 2018
• Last Verified: December 4, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: AMD; Uveitis; Age-Related Macular Degeneration; OCULAR INFLAMMATORY DISEASE; Immune Mediated; Gene Expression Patterns; Diabetic Retinopathy
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Eye Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Diabetic Angiopathies; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Retinal Degeneration; Uveal Diseases; Macular Degeneration; Retinal Diseases; Diabetic Retinopathy; Uveitis
• Other Study ID Numbers: 080099; 08-EI-0099

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No