Multimodality Phase II Study in Prostate Cancer

Multimodality Therapy for Recurrent High Risk Prostate Cancer: A Phase II Study

This is a single arm phase II study of docetaxel, prednisone, and sunitinib systemic therapy followed by salvage external beam radiation therapy for men who have experienced PSA recurrence following initial radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer. The primary aim is the rate of progression-free survival at 2 years as measured by lack of PSA progression and no evidence of disease. We hypothesize that this aggressive initial systemic therapy will improve the long term remission rates for men who are undergoing salvage radiation therapy for PSA recurrence in the absence of metastatic disease.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Prostate Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Docetaxel; Drug: Sunitinib; Radiation: EBXRT

Detailed Description

In many common malignancies such as breast cancer, trimodality therapy represents the standard-of-care approach, including initial surgical resection followed by systemic chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy for optimal local control, and targeted hormonal or biologic therapy for a period of time to reduce the ongoing risk of systemic disease recurrence. These approaches have reduced recurrence rates and improved overall survival in the adjuvant setting in breast cancer; however, the treatment of men with PSA recurrence following radical prostatectomy has generally been unsatisfying, given the high rates of persistent or recurrent disease despite salvage radiotherapy.

The primary purpose of the study is to determine the rate of biochemical (PSA) progression free survival (bPFS) in men with PSA recurrent non-metastatic prostate cancer following radical prostatectomy, who receive multimodality therapy consisting of local salvage external beam radiotherapy and systemic docetaxel-based chemotherapy plus the targeted anti-VEGF biologic therapy sunitinib. Biochemical PFS will be defined as the proportion of subjects at 24 months, post-registration, with one of the following: 1) a serum PSA value of 0.2 ng/ml or more above the post-radiotherapy PSA nadir and confirmed 4 weeks later by a second PSA measurement that was higher than the first by any amount, 2) a continued rise in the PSA level following study treatment if no nadir is experienced, defined as 2 rising values greater than the baseline PSA and separated by at least 4 weeks, 3) evidence of clinical progression or initiation of systemic therapy for progressive disease, or 4) death. Secondary objectives include finding the rate of biochemical (PSA) disease free survival over time, Two-, three-, five-, and six- year risk of local recurrence (proportion), two-, three-, five-, and six-year risk of metastases and metastasis-free survival, two-, three-, five-, and six-year risk of metastases and metastasis-free survival, Safety, feasibility, and tolerability as assessed by NCI Common Toxicity Scales (v3.0), quality of life questionnaire (EPIC-short form surveys), achievement of accrual goals. Finally, a comparison of RNA expression profiles from original prostate radical prostatectomy specimen among those with PSA relapse at 2 and 5 years as compared to those without PSA relapse at the primary endpoint.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 36
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Maryland
    • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21218
      • Johns Hopkins University
  • New Jersey
    • New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States, 08901
      • The Cancer Institute of New Jersey
  • North Carolina
    • Durham, North Carolina, United States, 27705
      • Duke University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Prostate adenocarcinoma with evidence of recurrent disease as measured only by rising PSA, without evidence of metastatic disease by bone scan or CT scan within 4 weeks of entry
2. PSA ≤ 3.0 ng/ml and ≥ 0.1 ng/ml within 2 weeks of registration
3. Radical prostatectomy within 4 years of registration.
4. Rising PSA as defined by 1 or more PSA values greater than the nadir value after radical prostatectomy, separated by at least 4 weeks.
5. Gleason sum at radical prostatectomy of 7-10 (4+3 or 3+4 allowed)
6. Informed consent
7. Age > 18 years.

8. Adequate laboratory parameters:

   • leukocytes ≥ 3,000/uL
   • absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,500/uL
   • platelets ≥ 75,000/uL
   • hemoglobin > 9.0 g/dl
   • total bilirubin within normal institutional limit
   • AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) < 2.5x institutional upper limit
   • creatinine < 2.0x institutional upper limit
9. Karnofsky Performance Status ≥ 80 (Attachment 2).
10. Written, signed, dated, and witnessed IRB approved informed consent form (ICF) before any screening procedures are performed.
11. Peripheral neuropathy ≤ grade 1

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Evidence of metastatic disease by CT scan, physical exam, or bone scan within 4 weeks of registration
2. History of bleeding disorders or medical comorbidities that in the opinion of the investigator would preclude the use of systemic chemotherapy
3. Prior systemic or biologic therapy, including pre-operative therapies or adjuvant chemotherapy, biologic therapy, or hormonal therapy
4. Life expectancy of less than 5 years from medical co-morbidities by physician judgment
5. Non-adenocarcinoma prostate cancer pathology at radical prostatectomy
6. Prior radiotherapy to the abdomen or pelvis
7. Less than or equal to 6 weeks from prior major surgery, including radical prostatectomy, open biopsy, or traumatic injury.
8. Recent cardiovascular event (within 12 months) including unstable angina, myocardial infarction, severe or at rest claudication, or stroke/CVA.
9. Subjects receiving known strong CYP3A4 isoenzyme inhibitors and/or inducers. Subjects on acceptable CYP3A4 isoenzyme inhibitors and/or inducers are eligible, provided they have been taking a stable regimen for at least 4 weeks prior to screening.
10. Presence of a non-healing wound or ulcer.
11. Grade >= 3 hemorrhage within the past month.
12. Hypertension with systolic blood pressure of >140 mm Hg and/or diastolic pressure >90 mm Hg at the time of screening. Anti-hypertensive medications are permitted.
13. Subjects with American Heart Association (AHA) Class 2-4 heart disease or any history of congestive heart failure with an ejection fraction <50%.
14. Subjects with inability to tolerate or absorb oral medications.
15. QTc interval >480 msec on baseline EKG. Subjects may not be taking a medication known to significantly prolong the QTc interval.
16. Subjects who have not recovered from prior biopsy, surgery, traumatic injury, and/or radiation therapy.
17. Anticoagulation with warfarin (therapeutic doses of warfarin for catheter patency are permitted). Low molecular weight heparin is permitted.
18. Active infection(s), active antimicrobial therapy or serious intercurrent illness.
19. Any other major medical or psychiatric illness that, in the investigator's judgment, will substantially increase the risk associated with the subject's participation in this study, including inability to absorb oral medications.
20. Any history of hemoptysis within the past 12 months

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Multimodality; 4 cycles of 70 mg/m2 Docetaxel + 37.5 mg daily Sunitinib for 14 days followed by a 7 day break for 3 cycles + external beam radiotherapy to 66 Gray over 6-7 weeks

Drug: Docetaxel; Docetaxel 70 mg/m2 day 1 every 3 weeks for 4 cycles with prednisone 5 mg orally twice daily; Other Names: Taxotere; Drug: Sunitinib; Sunitinib 37.5 mg orally once daily for 14 days followed by 7 days off, for 4 cycles, concurrent with docetaxel and prednisone; Other Names: Sutent; Radiation: EBXRT; External beam radiotherapy to the prostate bed, started on day 100, after completion of chemotherapy. 66 Gy over 6-7 weeks.; Other Names: IMRT

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The Rate of Progression Free Survival (PFS) at 24 Months	Percentage of participants surviving 24 months from the start of study treatment without progression of disease. PFS was defined as the time from the date of study treatment initiation to the date of the first documented progression. Progression will be defined as having experienced any of the following: a serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) value of 0.2 ng/mL or more above the post-radiotherapy PSA nadir and confirmed 4 weeks later by a second PSA measurement that was higher than the first by any amount, a continued rise in the PSA level following study treatment if no nadir is experienced, defined as 2 rising values greater than the baseline PSA and separated by at least 4 weeks, or evidence of clinical progression or initiation of systemic therapy for progressive disease.	2 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Proportion of Biochemical Progression (bPFS Proportion) at 2 and 3 Years.	Percentage of participants surviving 24 and 36 months from the start of study treatment without progression of disease. PFS was defined as the time from the date of study treatment initiation to the date of the first documented progression. Progression will be defined as having experienced any of the following: a serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) value of 0.2 ng/mL or more above the post-radiotherapy PSA nadir and confirmed 4 weeks later by a second PSA measurement that was higher than the first by any amount or a continued rise in the PSA level following study treatment if no nadir is experienced, defined as 2 rising values greater than the baseline PSA and separated by at least 4 weeks. Please note: bPFS is identical to PFS but includes only PSA-based endpoints or death.	24 months and 36 months
Rate of Local Recurrence at 2 and 3 Years	Local recurrence is defined as men with locally recurrent disease confirmed pathologically within the radiation field, and is estimated at 2 and 3 years.	24 months and 36 months
Metastasis-free Survival (MFS) Rates at 2 and 3 Years.	MFS is defined as the length of time between the date of start of treatment and the date of evidence of systemic disease on bone scan or cross sectional imaging or death, whichever occurs first.	2 and 3 years
Change in Quality of Life (QoL) After 1 Year	A validated scale of prostate-cancer specific quality of life will be measured using the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) short form survey. This survey is standardized into subscale, 4 of which were examined on this study. These subscales are the urinary irritative domain, urinary incontinence domain, bowel domain, and sexual function domain, each standardized on a scale of 0-100, where higher score indicate a higher level of QoL. The survey was performed at baseline, at 3 months after completing radiotherapy, at 12 months, and at 2 and 3 years of follow-up for a total of 5 possible surveys per patient. Due to a low number of completed surveys at the fourth and fifth time point, the difference between the 12 month time point and baseline is summarized. Negative values indicate a decrease in QoL, while positive numbers represent an increase.	baseline and 1 year
Change in Quality of Life (QoL) After 3 Month	A validated scale of prostate-cancer specific quality of life will be measured using the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) short form survey. This survey is standardized into subscale, 4 of which were examined on this study. These subscales are the urinary irritative domain, urinary incontinence domain, bowel domain, and sexual function domain, each standardized on a scale of 0-100, where higher score indicate a higher level of QoL. The survey was performed at baseline and 3 months after completing radiotherapy. Negative values indicate a decrease in QoL, while positive numbers represent an increase.	baseline and 3 months
Comparison of RNA Expression Profile From Original Prostate Radical Prostatectomy Specimen Among Those With PSA Relapse at 2 and 3 Years as Compared to Those Without PSA Relapse at the Primary Endpoint.	Prospective collection of prostate tissue at the time of radical prostatectomy is routinely performed at Duke. These samples will be analyzed by laser capture microdissection (LCM) for genomic profiling by RNA expression analysis for all subjects with tissue available. The expression profiles of subjects who experience PSA recurrence after protocol therapy by the 24 month endpoint will be compared with the expression profiles of subjects without recurrence at this time point as an exploratory measure to predict aggressive prostate cancer and those subjects who are unlikely to benefit from this approach. Baseline prostate tumor biomarkers in the form of RNA expression profiles will be correlated with 2 year PFS in an exploratory analysis. The median bPFS of those with detectable biomarker expression is reported.	2 and 3 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Duke University
• Collaborators: Sanofi; Pfizer
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Andrew J Armstrong, MD, ScM, Duke University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: December 1, 2008
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 1, 2014
• Study Completion (Actual): November 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 13, 2008
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 13, 2008
• First Posted (Estimate): August 14, 2008

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): December 23, 2015
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 18, 2015
• Last Verified: September 1, 2015

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: sunitinib; prostate cancer; PSA; radiation; docetaxel; PSA recurrence; No metastatic disease
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Genital Neoplasms, Male; Prostatic Diseases; Prostatic Neoplasms; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents; Tubulin Modulators; Antimitotic Agents; Mitosis Modulators; Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Angiogenesis Modulating Agents; Growth Substances; Growth Inhibitors; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Docetaxel; Sunitinib
• Other Study ID Numbers: Pro00010747