Tangerine or Red Tomato Juice in Treating Patients With Prostate Cancer Undergoing Surgery

A Comparison of Tangerine and Red Tomato Juice in Men With Prostate Cancer: A Pilot Study

This randomized pilot clinical trial compares tangerine and red tomato juice in treating patients with prostate cancer undergoing surgery. A diet high in lycopene, a substance found in tomatoes, may help prevent normal cells from transforming into cancer cells in patients with prostate cancer.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Stage I Prostate Cancer; Stage III Prostate Cancer; Stage IV Prostate Cancer; Stage IIA Prostate Cancer; Stage IIB Prostate Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: dietary intervention (tangerine tomato juice); Other: questionnaire administration; Other: Correlative studies; Dietary supplement: dietary intervention (red tomato juice)

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To conduct a randomized, three-arm pilot clinical trial to determine compliance and safety of daily consumption of tangerine tomato juice or red tomato juice.

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To quantify total carotenoids, total lycopene (LYC), cis-LYC, trans-LYC, phytoene, phytofluene, and lycopene metabolites in plasma and prostate tissue in the three groups of men.

II. To evaluate serum biomarkers related to prostate carcinogenesis, including those previously impacted by tomato phytochemicals (testosterone, sex hormone-binding protein [SHBP], insulin-like growth factor [IGF]-I, IGF-binding protein [BP]3, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], and a panel of anti-inflammatory cytokines) by validated assays.

III. To evaluate molecular signatures using the 200 gene quantitative Nano-string nCounter code set (selected genes known to be impacted by dietary components, genes impacted by common prostate genetic and epigenetic damage, and those regulated by testosterone) and micro-ribonucleic acid (RNA) nCounter code set.

IV. To plot the distribution of carotenoid metabolites across the matrix versus the epithelium and cancer versus non-cancer areas of the prostate using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) imaging of a limited number of samples.

OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1 of 3 treatment groups.

GROUP I: Patients consume no tomato juice.

GROUP II: Patients consume two cans of tangerine tomato juice daily until their scheduled surgery (approximately 4 weeks).

GROUP III: Patients consume two cans of red tomato juice daily until their scheduled surgery (approximately 4 weeks).

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 45
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Ohio
    • Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43210
      • Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Solove Research Institute at Ohio State University Medical Center
    • Dublin, Ohio, United States, 43016
      • OhioHealth Dublin Methodist Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 21 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Have biopsy proven carcinoma of the prostate
• Have chosen a radical prostatectomy for treatment of their disease after the medical team has presented all possible treatment options
• Not be receiving neoadjuvant hormonal or chemotherapy (other clinical trials)
• Have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-1
• Not currently be taking tomato carotenoid dietary supplements or "alternative" products (e.g., lycopene supplements, Lyc-O-Mato, saw palmetto); vitamin A and beta-carotene supplements are allowed
• Not be allergic to tomatoes or tomato products
• Have plasma total cholesterol < 200 mg/dL
• Plasma triglycerides < 200 mg/dL
• Have blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (BUN/Cr) without clinically significant abnormalities after review by the study physicians
• Liver enzymes without clinically significant abnormalities after review by the study physicians
• Complete blood count (CBC) without clinically significant abnormalities after review by the study physicians
• Prothrombin time (PT) without clinically significant abnormalities after review by the study physicians
• Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) without clinically significant abnormalities after review by the study physicians
• International normalized ratio (INR) without clinically significant abnormalities after review by the study physicians
• Voluntarily agree to participate and sign an informed consent document
• Agree to have prostate biopsy blocks provided to the study for evaluation
• Agree to consume a standardized vitamin and mineral supplement and avoid other nutrition, dietary, or alternative medications/supplements for the duration of the study
• Agree to follow a low lycopene and phytoene diet

Exclusion Criteria:

• Have an active malignancy other than prostate cancer that requires therapy
• Have a prostate biopsy with less than 5% cancer involvement
• Have a history of traumatic or surgical castration
• Have plasma total cholesterol > 200 mg/dL
• Have plasma triglycerides > 200 mg/dL
• Have a history of uncontrolled pituitary hormone diseases that currently require varying doses of supplemental hormonal administration (thyroid hormones, adrenocorticotropic hormone [ACTH], growth hormone) or other endocrine disorders requiring varying doses of hormone administration with the exception of diabetes and osteoporosis
• Are planning to start certain medications after the trial enrollment; no new finasteride (Proscar) or other hormonal agents for chemoprevention/treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH); utilizing new prescription medications for urinary outlet obstructive symptoms will result in discontinuing participation in this study; the use of new non-prescription substances to improve urinary tract symptoms will also result in discontinuing participation (i.e. saw palmetto, other herbal, alternative products); men who are currently taking finasteride or medications (meds) for urinary outlet obstructive symptoms may enroll in the study as long as there is no plan to change the dose in the weeks prior to surgery
• Have a known allergy to tomatoes or have never consumed tomatoes
• Have active metabolic or digestive illnesses such as malabsorptive disorders (Crohn's, Celiac disease, irritable bowel syndrome [IBS]), renal insufficiency, hepatic insufficiency, cachexia, or short bowel syndrome
• Have significant loss of gastrointestinal organs, except for appendix, due to surgery
• Have altered immunity such as autoimmune disorders, clinically significant anemia, hemophilia, and blood dyscrasias

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Group I (control, no juice); Patients consume no tomato juice.
Experimental: Group II (tangerine tomato juice); Patients will consume two 5.5 oz. cans of tangerine tomato juice every day until their scheduled surgery. (approximately 4 weeks)	Dietary supplement: dietary intervention (tangerine tomato juice); Group II will consume two 5.5 oz. cans of tangerine tomato juice every day until their scheduled surgery. (approximately 4 weeks).; Other Names: Dietary Modification; intervention, dietary; Other: questionnaire administration; Men enrolled in the study will be asked to complete a 3-Day Food Record and a series of additional questionnaires (urologic symptom and quality of life questionnaire) at home.; Other Names: Ancillary studiesAll; Other: Correlative studies; Blood and urine samples at enrollment and blood, urine, and prostate tissue at the time of surgery to determine compliance with the intervention product and tomato phytochemical biodistribution. Additionally, we will correlate each type of tomato juice with lycopene presence in plasma, urine, and tissue provided by subjects on the day of surgery.; Other Names: laboratory biomarker analysis
Experimental: Group III (red tomato juice); Patients consume two cans of red tomato juice daily until their scheduled surgery (approximately 4 weeks).	Other: questionnaire administration; Men enrolled in the study will be asked to complete a 3-Day Food Record and a series of additional questionnaires (urologic symptom and quality of life questionnaire) at home.; Other Names: Ancillary studiesAll; Other: Correlative studies; Blood and urine samples at enrollment and blood, urine, and prostate tissue at the time of surgery to determine compliance with the intervention product and tomato phytochemical biodistribution. Additionally, we will correlate each type of tomato juice with lycopene presence in plasma, urine, and tissue provided by subjects on the day of surgery.; Other Names: laboratory biomarker analysis; Dietary supplement: dietary intervention (red tomato juice); Group III will consume two 5.5 oz. cans of red tomato juice every day until their scheduled surgery (approximately 4 weeks).red tomato juice; Other Names: Dietary Modification; intervention, dietary

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Incidence of toxicity		Up to time of surgery
Compliance of daily consumption of tangerine tomato juice or red tomato juice		Up to time of surgery
Differences in carotenoid levels of biological samples between groups	Linear regression analysis will be used to examine differences in carotenoid levels of biological samples between groups.	Up to time of surgery

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in histopathologic markers between the treatment groups	Compared via 3 way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with pairwise comparisons or nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests where appropriate.	Baseline to time of surgery
Change in immunohistochemical markers between the treatment groups	Compared via 3 way ANOVA with pairwise comparisons, or nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis tests where appropriate.	Baseline to time of surgery

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center
• Collaborators: Riverside Methodist Hospital
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Steven Schwartz, Ph.D., Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• The Jamesline

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: June 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 22, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): September 22, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 20, 2014
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 21, 2014
• First Posted (Estimate): May 22, 2014

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 30, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 29, 2019
• Last Verified: August 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Prostate Cancer; Tangerine Juice; Tomato Juice
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Genital Neoplasms, Male; Prostatic Diseases; Prostatic Neoplasms
• Other Study ID Numbers: OSU-13166; NCI-2014-01002 (Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program))