Sleep Intervention During Acute Lung Injury

The central purpose of this proposal is to study the short-term effects of sedation with sympatholysis, using α2 adrenergic agent Dexmedetomidine, on sleep and inflammation in critically ill patients with Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Disorder Syndrome (ALI/ARDS). An additional objective is to determine the effect of Dexmedetomidine sedation on the in-vitro production of sleep-modulating inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of critically ill patients with ALI/ARDS.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Critical Illness; Sleep; Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Acute Lung Injury
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Dexmedetomidine; Drug: Midazolam and Fentanyl

Detailed Description

Critically ill patients with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) who receive mechanical ventilation can suffer from severe sleep disruption despite continuous sedative infusions. Sleep disruption, in turn, may activate the sympathetic nervous system and cause elevation of circulating inflammatory cytokines, which, in turn, may play a causative role in delirium and post-traumatic stress disorder through consolidation of unpleasant memories during awakenings from sleep. Currently, there is very little understanding of the inter-relationship between critical illness, sleep, and neuropsychological well-being, due to the lack of intervention-based trials that improve sleep during critical illness. The central purpose of this proposal is to study the short-term effects of sedation with sympatholysis (central α2 adrenergic agent) on sleep and inflammation in critically ill patients with ALI/ARDS. Sedation with sympatholysis will be achieved by a novel sleep-promoting agent with central α2 adrenergic properties. This FDA approved novel sedative agent, dexmedetomidine, has been shown to decrease delirium (an independent predictor of mortality) and decrease duration of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay in critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation (Riker et al, JAMA 2009;301:542-44 and Pandharipande et al, JAMA 2007;298:2644-53). We will undertake sleep studies and measure circulating inflammatory cytokines that modulate sleep in patients with ALI/ARDS randomized to receive two different sedation strategies: central α2 adrenergic sedative-analgesic (dexmedetomidine) versus a conventional sedation strategy (midazolam and fentanyl) in a randomized, double blind, cross-over study. Specific Aim 1: To assess the short-term effect of an α2 adrenergic agent on sleep quality in critically ill patients with ALI/ARDS. Specific Aim 2: To assess the short-term effect of an α2 adrenergic agent on sleep-modulating inflammatory cytokines in critically ill patients with ALI/ARDS. Specific aim 3: To determine the effect of α2 adrenergic agent on the in-vitro production of sleep-modulating inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with ALI/ARDS. Collectively, our study will identify whether sleep disruption in such patients can be minimized. In the long-term, this program of research will identify sedation practices that are least associated with adverse short- and long-term consequences of critical illness, and thereby ultimately help improve quality of life of patients surviving critical illness

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 90
• Phase: Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Arizona
    • Tucson, Arizona, United States, 85723
      • Southern Arizona VA Health Care System
    • Tucson, Arizona, United States, 85724
      • University Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 85 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age range 18-85 (inclusive)
• Potential subjects receiving mechanical ventilation

• Potential subjects must have:

  1. Acute hypoxemia with a PaO2/FiO2 < 300 mm Hg (for ALI) OR < 200 mm Hg (for ARDS),
  2. Bilateral infiltrates (including very mild infiltrates)
  3. No clinical evidence of left atrial hypertension, or a pulmonary artery wedge pressure < 18 mm Hg.
• Potential subjects will be recruited after intubation and following a (systolic BP > 90 mm Hg on 2 or less continuous infusion of pressors) and ventilatory parameters (requiring < 60% fractional inspired O2 concentration [FiO2] and PEEP < 8 cm H2O).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Acute myocardial infarction or unstable angina or active myocardial ischemia

• Potential subjects who are considered too unstable to undergo this investigation by their primary physician.

  1. Symptomatic bradycardia (ventricular rate < 50 accompanied by hypotension [Systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg] or atrio-ventricular block [second degree type II or greater]).
  2. Known inability to tolerate beta-blockers or dexmedetomidine.
  3. Systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg despite continuous infusions of 2 vasopressors before the start of study drug infusion.
• Potential subjects who are comatose or suffering from severe debilitating neurological disease (Intracerebral hemorrhage).
• History of severe dementia (derived from medical records or family sources).
• Active seizures
• Alcohol abuse by history
• Clinical evidence for decompensated congestive heart failure (elevated jugular venous distension, dependent edema) with echocardiographic evidence for significant systolic heart failure- left ventricular ejection fraction <30%.
• Renal failure (on renal dialysis); Hepatocellular failure (Child-Pugh class C).
• Metastatic or terminal cancer and patients with do-not-resuscitate orders
• Pregnancy
• Potential subjects who are expected to be extubated within 48 hours

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Dexmedetomidine; Dexmedetomidine plus saline	Drug: Dexmedetomidine; Intravenous continuous infusion will be initiated with a (optional) loading dose of 1 mcg/Kg over 10 minutes followed by a maintenance infusion of 0.5 mcg/kg/hour for 24 hours.; Other Names: Precedex
Active Comparator: Usual Care; Midazolam and Fentanyl	Drug: Midazolam and Fentanyl; Midazolam (Versed): Loading dose 2-4 mg IV bolus followed by continuous infusion at 1-7 mg/hour. Open label aliquots for pain (Midazolam 1- 4 mg IV bolus.) Fentanyl: Loading dose 50-200 mcg IV bolus; Continuous infusion rate 50-300 mcg/hour. Open label aliquots for pain (Fentanyl 50 - 200 mcg IV bolus.); Other Names: Versed (Midazolam); Fentanyl Citrate Injection, USP (Fentanyl)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Specific Aim 1: To assess the short-term effect of an α2 adrenergic agent on sleep quality in critically ill patients with ALI/ARDS.	72 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Specific Aim 2: To assess the short-term effect of an α2 adrenergic agent on sleep-modulating inflammatory cytokines in critically ill patients with ALI/ARDS.	72 hours
Specific aim 3: To determine the effect of α2 adrenergic agent on the in-vitro production of sleep-modulating inflammatory cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with ALI/ARDS.	48 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Arizona
• Collaborators: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: August 1, 2009
• Primary Completion (Actual): January 1, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): January 1, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 14, 2010
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 14, 2010
• First Posted (Estimate): January 15, 2010

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 4, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 2, 2021
• Last Verified: August 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: polysomnography; sleep; midazolam; dexmedetomidine; fentanyl; acute lung injury; cytokines; critical illness; inflammatory cytokines; acute respiratory distress syndrome
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Respiration Disorders; Lung Diseases; Disease Attributes; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Thoracic Injuries; Wounds and Injuries; Critical Illness; Respiratory Distress Syndrome; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn; Acute Lung Injury; Lung Injury; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Adrenergic Agents; Neurotransmitter Agents; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Central Nervous System Depressants; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Analgesics; Sensory System Agents; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Anesthetics, General; Anesthetics; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; Adrenergic Agonists; Analgesics, Opioid; Narcotics; Tranquilizing Agents; Psychotropic Drugs; Hypnotics and Sedatives; Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Anti-Anxiety Agents; GABA Modulators; GABA Agents; Fentanyl; Midazolam; Dexmedetomidine
• Other Study ID Numbers: HSC# 09-0232-01; 1R01HL095748-01A1 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)