The Effect of Cigarette Smoking / Smoking Cessation on Skeletal Muscle Mass, Strength and Functional Capabilities

April 29, 2014 updated by: Rambam Health Care Campus

Tobacco smoke is probably the single most significant source of toxic chemicals that humans are exposed to. Smoking is associated with a variety of pathological conditions such as cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases. In addition to the known harmful effects of cigarette smoking, several epidemiological studies identified tobacco use as a risk factor for sarcopenia, the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with advancing age. Previous studies examined skeletal muscles of smokers in comparison with muscles of non-smokers and found structural and metabolic damage in muscles of smokers.

Quitting of smoking is known to be associated with weight gain. A previous study examined the effects of smoking cessation on body composition of post-menopausal women using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). It was found that women who successfully quit smoking for a period of 16 months have significantly increased their body weight, fat mass, muscle mass and functional muscle mass in comparison with non-quitters women. For the first time, it was shown that smoking cessation is associated with an increase of functional muscle mass. Yet, the effects of quitting of smoking on muscle mass and muscle functional capabilities of younger subjects remain unclear. Therefore, we aim to investigate the effects of smoking cessation on muscle mass, muscle function and strength in heavy smoker's subjects. Our findings may shed light on the beneficial effects of smoking cessation regarding the status and function of skeletal muscle in heavy smokers and as a possible strategy to prevent or delay the progression of sarcopenia.

Research hypothesis: Smoking cessation among adult heavy smokers will lead to increase in skeletal muscle mass and improvement of muscle function and strength compared with continued smokers.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Body composition and muscle function were assessed at the beginning of a smoking cessation program and again after 12 months. Changes in body composition and muscle function were compared between continued smokers and quitters.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

81

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Israel
      • Haifa, Israel
        • Rambam health care Campus

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Subjects were recruited from support groups of smoking cessation conducted at "Clalit Health Services" at Haifa and Western Galilee district.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Healthy men and women between the ages of 18-65
  • Heavy smokers (smoking more than 15 cigarettes per day)
  • Taking part in smoking cessation support group at "Clalit Health Services", Haifa and Western Galilee district

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Medical conditions affecting skeletal muscle metabolism or function.
  • Use of corticosteroids or any other medication or nutritional supplement affecting skeletal muscle
  • Consuming more than two alcoholic drinks per day

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
Heavy smokers
Assessment of body composition and muscle function
Device: Assessment of body composition and muscle function
Assessment of body composition by DEXA and BIA Measurement of muscle function by hand-grip dynamometer and physical tests Comparison between quitters and continued smokers

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Parameters of body composition and muscle function in continued smokers versus quitters
Time Frame: 12 months

Parameters of body composition including fat mass, muscle mass, bone mineral content and density measured by DEXA and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA).

Muscle function measured by hand-grip dynamometer and physical tests.
12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Rambam Health Care Campus

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Dror Aizenbud, Professor, Rambam health care Campus

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

June 1, 2012

Primary Completion (Actual)

February 1, 2014

Study Completion (Actual)

February 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

March 19, 2014

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 29, 2014

First Posted (Estimate)

May 1, 2014

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

May 1, 2014

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 29, 2014

Last Verified

April 1, 2014

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • Version 01 Dated 27-March-2012

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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