The Acute Effect of Exercise on Appetite Appetite-regulating Hormones and Inflammation in Children

The Acute Effect of High Intensity Exercise on Appetite, Appetite-regulating Hormones, and Bio-markers of Inflammation and Stress in Lean and Obese Boys

This study describes the effect of acute high intensity exercise at 70% VO2peak on inflammation, stress, appetite hormones and appetite in lean and obese children and adolescents.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Obesity
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Exercise

Detailed Description

In summary, exercise does induce a variety of metabolic mechanisms on a central and peripheral level, related to appetite other than solely gut peptides. The literature points towards a rather loose coupling when it comes to high intensity exercise and the suppression of food intake, without a clear explanation of the cause of exercise induced anorexia. This study is aimed to investigate high-intensity exercise and its effects on appetite and satiety hormones, inflammation, stress and eating behaviors on appetite and food intake.

The objective of the current study is to investigate the factors contributing to exercise-induced anorexia in lean and obese children, and maximize its translation into post-exercise suppression of food intake and promotion of negative energy balance particularly in obese children. It is hypothesized that high-intensity exercise would promote a greater suppression of food intake through suppression of appetite ratings via physiological mechanisms depending on stress and inflammation rather than gut peptides.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 22
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Canada
  • Ontario
    • Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3E2
      • Department of Nutritional Sciences

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 10 years to 18 years (Child, Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• 11 normal weight and 11 obese boys will be recruited for the study. Lean and obese boys aged 10-18 years, born full-term and with a normal body weight at birth, will be included in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Dieters and individuals with lactose intolerance, allergies to milk and dairy products and gastrointestinal problems will be excluded from the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Exercise; Exercise at 70%VO2max on a recumbent bicycle for 30 minutes.	Other: Exercise; Exercise at 70%VO2max on a recumbent bicycle for 30 minutes to investigate the effects of exercise at high intensities on appetite and biomarkers of appetite and inflammation.
No Intervention: Control; Resting

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Appetite as assessed via visual analog scales	Appetite will be assessed via visual analog scales. Each item will be scored from 0-100; 0 not hungry; 100 very hungry	Timeperiod of 2 hours during each study intervention.
Biomarkers of appetite	Biomarkers of appetite will be assessed such as A. Ghrelin; GLP-1; PYY and Leptin	4 timpoints during 2 hours during each study intervention.
Biomarkers of Inflammation	Biomarkers of inflammation will be assessed such as IL-6; IL-1beta; TNF-alpha; CRP	4 timpoints during 2 hours during each study intervention.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Biomarkers of Stress	Biomarkers of stress will be assessed such as Cortisol and Adrenalin	4 timpoints during 2 hours during each study intervention.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Toronto
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Harvey Anderson, University of Toronto

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Tamam S, Bellissimo N, Patel BP, Thomas SG, Anderson GH. Overweight and obese boys reduce food intake in response to a glucose drink but fail to increase intake in response to exercise of short duration. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2012 Jun;37(3):520-9. doi: 10.1139/h2012-038. Epub 2012 Apr 25.
• Bozinovski NC, Bellissimo N, Thomas SG, Pencharz PB, Goode RC, Anderson GH. The effect of duration of exercise at the ventilation threshold on subjective appetite and short-term food intake in 9 to 14 year old boys and girls. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2009 Oct 9;6:66. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-6-66.
• Hunschede S, El Khoury D, Antoine-Jonville S, Smith C, Thomas S, Anderson GH. Acute changes in substrate oxidation do not affect short-term food intake in healthy boys and men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2015 Feb;40(2):168-77. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0188. Epub 2014 Oct 22.
• Hunschede S, Kubant R, Akilen R, Thomas S, Anderson GH. Decreased Appetite after High-Intensity Exercise Correlates with Increased Plasma Interleukin-6 in Normal-Weight and Overweight/Obese Boys. Curr Dev Nutr. 2017 Feb 28;1(3):e000398. doi: 10.3945/cdn.116.000398. eCollection 2017 Mar.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: August 1, 2014
• Primary Completion (Actual): July 1, 2015
• Study Completion (Actual): October 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 27, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 29, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): December 2, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): December 2, 2015
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 29, 2015
• Last Verified: November 1, 2015

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Inflammation
• Other Study ID Numbers: HIT_Exercise_Appetite_001