NHANES 2003-2014 and Sugar-sweetened Beverages in Children

Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2014 Data to Evaluate Trends in Sugar-sweetened Beverage (SSB) Intakes in Children

The study uses data from the NHANES surveys to evaluate trends in SSB intakes among US children. The goal was to determine whether recent declines in intake may have been less marked in the more vulnerable groups with a persistently high burden of obesity, including race/ethnic minorities and low-income groups.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Sugar Sweetened Beverage Intakes in US Children

Detailed Description

Recent studies suggest sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption has been declining among US children 2-18y. However, most studies focus on changes in mean intake and little is known about trends in the high SSB consumers who are most at risk of excess weight gain. There is also limited understanding of whether and how these changes over time may have influenced disparities in intake among vulnerable groups of children with persistently high levels of obesity, including children from low-income households, and several race-/ethnic minorities.

This analysis of six cycles of US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) dietary surveillance data from 2003-2014 examined shifts over time in SSB intake at both the median and 90th percentile among US children. The study evaluated the extent to which disparities in intake of total SSBs, as well as major SSB subtypes (regular sodas, fruit drinks and other), may have persisted in vulnerable groups, for both median and "heavy" intake. The analysis presents data for three age groups: 2-5y, 6-11y and 12-18y by gender, and focus on three race-ethnic groups: Non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic Black, and Mexican-American. Household income is used as the primary socioeconomic status variable.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 17579

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 2 years to 18 years (Child, Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

17,579 children aged 2-18 years in US NHANES dietary surveys from 2003-2014 with household socioeconomic data

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• All U.S. children aged 2-18y in US NHANES diet surveys from 2003-2014

Exclusion Criteria:

• missing socio-economic data: parental education or household income as a percentage of the Federal Poverty Level; n=1841
• missing or implausible dietary data, defined as: energy intake of zero kcal or more than four standard deviations beyond individual estimated energy requirements, or no report on whether data represents usual intake (more, same or less than usual); n=236

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Sugar Sweetened Beverage Intake in Children	All non-alcoholic, non-diet beverages sweetened with sugars of any type, either as purchased or added after purchase	2003-2014

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Pittsburgh
• Collaborators: University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 1, 2003
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 31, 2014
• Study Completion (Actual): December 31, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 29, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 29, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): December 5, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 6, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 4, 2017
• Last Verified: December 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: mendezssb1

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Study Data/Documents

1. Individual Participant Data Set
   Information comments: NHANES provides de-identified data for public use that can be readily downloaded. This study did not use any restricted data.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No