Evaluating Vitamin D3 Supplement on Post-Op Outcomes

A Prospective, Tripled-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluating Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Post-Operative Functional and Clinical Outcomes Following Total Knee Arthroplasty

The aim of this study is to determine if vitamin D supplementation is associated with differences in short-term recovery in patients following total knee arthroplasty compared to patients who do not receive supplementation. If so, vitamin D supplementation has the potential to become widely incorporated into the routine care for patients undergoing knee replacements.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Knee Osteoarthritis
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Control; Drug: Vitamin D

Detailed Description

Patients will be enrolled from the clinics of Dr. Denis Nam and Dr. Craig Della Valle, two fellowship-trained orthopedic surgeons in the division of Adult Reconstruction at Midwest Orthopedics at Rush University Medical Center. Study staff will screen the clinic schedule of each surgeon and will discuss the purposes of the investigation at the time of their visit. If the patient is willing to participate in the investigation, verbal and written consent will be obtained by the study staff. At the time of consenting, patients will also be asked to perform a TUG test and will be asked to complete the questions that comprise the functional component of the KSS score.

This study will be tripled-blinded, thus, the patients, clinicians, and research staff involved will be unaware of patient allocation during this study. Each patient will receive a study ID, and a computer randomization system will be used to allocate patients to receive either vitamin D3 or placebo based on their study ID. Only members of the Rush pharmacy staff will possess the list matching the study ID to the study group assignment, ensuring that the study remains triple-blinded and that study coordinators are unaware of a patient's assignment when he or she picks up the study medication from the pharmacy.

Patients randomized to the experimental arm of the study will receive 50,000IU of vitamin D3 following surgery and asked to take the medication orally following surgery. Vitamin D3 was selected over vitamin D2 as the former is less expensive and is more effective at raising serum 25-OH vitamin D levels than the latter. The regimen of 50,000IU given once was selected as this regimen has been previously used without side effects in previous studies and has been shown to be as effective as other regimens that utilize more frequent dosing with smaller doses. Patients randomized to the control arm will receive placebo tablets and advised to consume their medication similar to the treatment arm. Both groups of patients will receive their medications from the pharmacy at Rush Medical Center, which will be responsible for providing patients with the appropriate regimen. All patients will receive the same postoperative multimodal analgesic regimen that is normally administered to patients undergoing THA and TKA at Rush University Medical Center.

In accordance with current standard post-operative care, patients will be asked to follow-up with their surgeon in clinic at 3 weeks and 6 weeks following surgery. At these post-operative visits, patients will be asked to repeat the TUG test and the 17-questions of the functional component of the KSS score.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 137
• Phase: Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612
      • Rush University Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Any patient undergoing primary total knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis
• Age ≥ 18 years old
• Willingness to undergo randomization and return for all scheduled visits

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age > 80 years old
• American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Score ≥ 4
• Other supplemental vitamin D or Calcium use including their analogs: ergocalciferol, calcitriol, dihydrotachysterol, and paricalcitol
• Current cancer
• Malabsorption syndromes
• Inability to take medications orally
• Renal impairment defined as a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 30 mL/minute or creatinine >1.3 mg/dL
• History of hypercalcemia defined as albumin-corrected hypercalcemia >12 mg/dL

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Control; Patients randomized to the control arm will receive placebo tablets and advised to consume their medication similar to the treatment arm.	Drug: Control; Patients randomized to the control will receive a placebo
Experimental: Treatment; Patients randomized to the experimental arm of the study will receive 50,000IU of vitamin D3 following surgery and asked to take the medication orally following surgery.	Drug: Vitamin D; Patients randomized to the experimental arm of the study will receive 50,000IU of vitamin D3 following surgery and asked to take the medication orally following surgery.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Knee Society Score (KSS), Functional Component (2012) at 3 Weeks Post Operative	The functional component of the 2012 version of the knee society score at 3 weeks following surgery. Range 0-100. Assessed at 3 weeks following surgery, 3 weeks following surgery reported. For the 0-100 scale, Zero represents a worse outcome, deductions are taken away for using an assistive device and other physical exam factors. 100 would be the best score possible.	Assessed at 3 weeks following surgery
Knee Society Score (KSS) at 6 Weeks Following Surgery	The functional component of the 2012 version of the knee society score at 6 weeks following surgery. Range 0-100. Assessed at 6 weeks following surgery, 6 weeks following surgery reported. For the 0-100 scale, Zero represents a worse outcome, deductions are taken away for using an assistive device and other physical exam factors. 100 would be the best score possible.	Assessed at 6 weeks following surgery reported

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Timed up and go Test at 3 Weeks Post Surgery	A timed up and go (TUG) test at 3 weeks following surgery. The TUG test consists of measuring the time it takes for an individual to rise from a seated position in a chair, walk to a mark 3 meters away, turn around, come back, and sit in the same chair from which they started. Patients will be asked to perform the test twice at each of the aforementioned encounters. The use of any assistive devices such as cane or a walker) will also be noted.	Assessed at 3 weeks following surgery
Timed up and go Test Difference From Baseline to 6 Weeks After Surgery	A timed up and go (TUG) test difference from baseline and at 6 weeks following surgery. The TUG test consists of measuring the time it takes for an individual to rise from a seated position in a chair, walk to a mark 3 meters away, turn around, come back, and sit in the same chair from which they started. Patients will be asked to perform the test twice at each of the aforementioned encounters. The use of any assistive devices such as cane or a walker) will also be noted.	value at 6 weeks minus value at baseline
Number of Participants With Complications	Occurrence of any of the Knee Society's Standardized List of Complications	6 weeks following surgery

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Rush University Medical Center

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 1, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 8, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): March 1, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 22, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 22, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): November 26, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 12, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 20, 2023
• Last Verified: March 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Joint Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Rheumatic Diseases; Arthritis; Osteoarthritis; Osteoarthritis, Knee; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Micronutrients; Vitamins; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Vitamin D
• Other Study ID Numbers: 19092704

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No