COVID-19 Vaccinations With a Sweepstakes

To reach herd immunity for COVID-19, experts estimate that 70% of the population will need to be vaccinated. However, vaccination rates have begun to slow down in the United States. The investigators will partner with Philadelphia to launch a COVID-19 vaccination sweepstakes, in which residents will be eligible to win if they have received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine prior to a given drawing. Drawings will be held every two weeks; multiple prizes of various sizes will be awarded in each drawing. Half of the prizes in each size category in each drawing will be awarded to residents of a zip code that is randomly selected from a pre-defined list of under-vaccinated zip codes (this zip code will be announced at the start of each 2-week drawing period), the other half will be awarded to residents outside of that selected zip code. The investigators will analyze vaccination rates in Philadelphia as compared with neighboring regions before, during, and after the specified time period, as well as analyze vaccination rates in the three selected zip codes compared to the other zip codes that could have been targeted (the residual set of under-vaccinated zip codes) to determine the effectiveness of the sweepstakes at encouraging vaccinations.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Covid19
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Philly Vax Sweepstakes

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 1241810
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Pennsylvania
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
      • University of Pennsylvania

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 16 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• All 18+ residents of the City of Philadelphia will be eligible. Residents will be able to win the sweepstakes prizes if they can verify they received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine before the date of the sweepstakes drawing in question.

Exclusion Criteria:

• None.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Control; No Intervention: Control participants (residents of Bucks County, Montgomery County, Delaware County, and Allegheny County, PA) are not eligible for the sweepstakes.
Experimental: Selected Zip Code Treatment; Selected Zip Code Treatment participants will have a significantly greater chance to win a prize in the sweepstakes than all other Philadelphia residents. Half of all prizes in every drawing will go to Philadelphia residents in the selected zip code.	Behavioral: Philly Vax Sweepstakes; The "Philly Vax Sweepstakes" is a citywide sweepstakes designed to motivate Philadelphians to get vaccinated against COVID-19. A total of 36 vaccinated Philadelphians will win among three cash prize packages, distributed from the total cash pool. These 36 will be chosen over three drawings, with 12 residents chosen in each drawing.
Experimental: All other Philadelphia Residents Treatment; All other Philadelphia Residents Treatment participants will be eligible for the sweepstakes. Half of all prizes in every drawing will go to Philadelphia residents outside of the selected zip code.	Behavioral: Philly Vax Sweepstakes; The "Philly Vax Sweepstakes" is a citywide sweepstakes designed to motivate Philadelphians to get vaccinated against COVID-19. A total of 36 vaccinated Philadelphians will win among three cash prize packages, distributed from the total cash pool. These 36 will be chosen over three drawings, with 12 residents chosen in each drawing.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Weekly Vaccination Rate	The primary outcome is the weekly vaccination rate for residents receiving a first dose of a COVID-19 vaccination in each zip/county/city as measured by local health departments and, for residency, as measured by the Census or other official sources. The investigators will include data from 5 weeks of pre-intervention, 6 weeks of intervention, and 4 weeks of post-intervention. Weekly Vaccination Rate = Total residents receiving a first dose that week / Total residents in that zip/county/city code as measured by the Census or other official sources, at the most recent date available for all geographies of interest. This source as of pre-registering is the American Community Survey 2019.	15 Weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Pennsylvania
• Collaborators: Philadelphia Department of Public Health

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 7, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 14, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): August 14, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 16, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 1, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): July 6, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 22, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 21, 2021
• Last Verified: December 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: COVID19 vaccination; Behavioral science interventions; Vaccination promotion
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Coronavirus Infections; Coronaviridae Infections; Nidovirales Infections; RNA Virus Infections; Virus Diseases; Infections; Respiratory Tract Infections; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Pneumonia, Viral; Pneumonia; Lung Diseases; COVID-19
• Other Study ID Numbers: 849044

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No