COVID-19 Vaccinations With a Sweepstakes

January 29, 2025 updated by: University of Pennsylvania
To reach herd immunity for COVID-19, experts estimate that 70% of the population will need to be vaccinated. However, vaccination rates have begun to slow down in the United States. The investigators will partner with Philadelphia to launch a COVID-19 vaccination sweepstakes, in which residents will be eligible to win if they have received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine prior to a given drawing. Drawings will be held every two weeks; multiple prizes of various sizes will be awarded in each drawing. Half of the prizes in each size category in each drawing will be awarded to residents of a zip code that is randomly selected from a pre-defined list of under-vaccinated zip codes (this zip code will be announced at the start of each 2-week drawing period), the other half will be awarded to residents outside of that selected zip code. The investigators will analyze vaccination rates in Philadelphia as compared with neighboring regions before, during, and after the specified time period, as well as analyze vaccination rates in the three selected zip codes compared to the other zip codes that could have been targeted (the residual set of under-vaccinated zip codes) to determine the effectiveness of the sweepstakes at encouraging vaccinations.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

3827656

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Pennsylvania
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
        • University of Pennsylvania

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

14 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • All 18+ residents of the City of Philadelphia will be eligible. Residents will be able to win the sweepstakes prizes if they can verify they received at least one dose of the COVID-19 vaccine before the date of the sweepstakes drawing in question.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • None.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Control
No Intervention: Control participants (residents of Bucks County, Montgomery County, Delaware County, and Allegheny County, PA) are not eligible for the sweepstakes.
Experimental: Selected Zip Code Treatment
Selected Zip Code Treatment participants will have a significantly greater chance to win a prize in the sweepstakes than all other Philadelphia residents. Half of all prizes in every drawing will go to Philadelphia residents in the selected zip code.
Behavioral: Philly Vax Sweepstakes
The "Philly Vax Sweepstakes" is a citywide sweepstakes designed to motivate Philadelphians to get vaccinated against COVID-19. A total of 36 vaccinated Philadelphians will win among three cash prize packages, distributed from the total cash pool. These 36 will be chosen over three drawings, with 12 residents chosen in each drawing.
Experimental: All other Philadelphia Residents Treatment
All other Philadelphia Residents Treatment participants will be eligible for the sweepstakes. Half of all prizes in every drawing will go to Philadelphia residents outside of the selected zip code.
Behavioral: Philly Vax Sweepstakes
The "Philly Vax Sweepstakes" is a citywide sweepstakes designed to motivate Philadelphians to get vaccinated against COVID-19. A total of 36 vaccinated Philadelphians will win among three cash prize packages, distributed from the total cash pool. These 36 will be chosen over three drawings, with 12 residents chosen in each drawing.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Weekly Vaccinations Per 100k Residents
Time Frame: 15 Weeks
The primary outcome is the weekly vaccinations (per 100k residents) for residents receiving a first dose of a COVID-19 vaccination in each zip/county/city, relative to the control group. The vaccination data was measured by local health departments and the residency data was measured by the U.S. Census. The investigators included data from 5 weeks of pre-intervention, 6 weeks of intervention, and 4 weeks of post-intervention. Weekly Vaccinations per 100k Residents = 100,000 * Total residents receiving a first dose that week / Total residents in that zip/county/city code as measured by the Census or other official sources, at the most recent date available for all geographies of interest.
15 Weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of Pennsylvania

Collaborators

Philadelphia Department of Public Health

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

June 7, 2021

Primary Completion (Actual)

August 14, 2021

Study Completion (Actual)

August 14, 2021

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 16, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 1, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

July 6, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 25, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 29, 2025

Last Verified

January 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 849044

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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