The Effect of Interactive Games on Children Receiving Intravenous Injection

The Effect of Somatosensory Interactive Games on the Pain, Fear and Negative Emotions of Children Receiving Intravenous Injection

Pediatric intravenous injection is one of the most painful events that children may be exposed to during hospitalization or illness, and it is also the most routinely performed invasive procedure. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of somatosensory interactive games on intravenous pain relief for preschool children, and to establish a VR (virtual reality) game environment for school-age children. Using a randomized experimental study, the data came from the pediatric ward. The results will show whether there is a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group.

Study Overview

• Status: Enrolling by invitation
• Conditions: Pain; Emotions; Fear
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: The somatosensory interactive game for preschool children; Device: A VR (virtual reality) game for school-age children

Detailed Description

Pediatric intravenous injection is one of the most painful events that children may be exposed to during hospitalization or illness, and it is also the most routinely performed invasive procedure. Non-pharmaceutical techniques can be used to relieve pain associated with intravenous injections. Distraction is a non-pharmacological technique that can take child's attention away from pain. The somatosensory interactive game is an independent nursing intervention that promotes pain relief. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of somatosensory interactive games on intravenous pain relief for preschool children, and to establish a VR (virtual reality) game environment for school-age children. Using a randomized experimental study, the data came from the pediatric ward. At least qualified 132 preschool children are in this study and their caregivers signed a consent form to participate in the study. Children are divided into experimental group and control group, and each group has at least 66 children. In addition to 60 school-age children, 30 played VR games for about 3 minutes during intravenous injection, and 30 received regular intravenous injection. The preschool experimental group and the school-age experimental group each took the parents of 5 children (10 in total) to conduct semi-structured qualitative interviews to understand the differences in experience before and after the intervention. This study is expected to accept a total of 202 children and parents. Data collection tools include WBFPS (Wong-Baker Faces Scale) to measure children's pain and CFS (Children's Fear scale) to measure children's fear. CEMS continue assessment negative emotion two days. The results will show whether there is a statistically significant difference between the experimental group and the control group. Qualitative study used semi-structed interviews were conducted with selected and their parent.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 202
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Taiwan
  • Taipei, Taiwan, 640
    • National Taiwan University Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 1 year to 8 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion criteria:

1. 2-7 years old, normal consciousness, preschool children who need intravenous injection.
2. 7-12 years old, normal consciousness, school-age children who need intravenous injection.
3. Parents of children need to be conscious and able to talk in Chinese.

Exclusion criteria:

1. 2-7 years old preschool children with developmental delay, epilepsy, heart disease, chemotherapy, visual and hearing impaired, obese, and have received more than 2 intravenous injections.
2. 7-12-year-old school-age children with developmental delay, epilepsy, heart disease, chemotherapy, visual and hearing impaired, obese, and have received more than 2 intravenous injections.
3. The child's parents cannot express and communicate effectively.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: The somatosensory interactive game; The somatosensory interactive game, an independent nursing intervention, promotes pain relief on the experimental group.	Device: The somatosensory interactive game for preschool children; The somatosensory interactive game, an independent nursing intervention, promotes pain relief for preschool children.
Experimental: A VR (virtual reality) game; A VR (virtual reality) game promotes pain relief on the experimental group.	Device: A VR (virtual reality) game for school-age children; A VR (virtual reality) game environment promotes pain relief for school-age children.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Changes in children's pain from baseline to after intravenous injection	Using Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale to measure pain. There are 6 faces in the Wong-Baker Pain Scale. The first face represents a pain score of 0, and indicates "no hurt". The second face represents a pain score of 2, and indicates "hurts a little bit." The third face represents a pain score of 4, and indicates "hurts a little more". The fourth face represents a pain score of 6, and indicates "hurts even more". The fifth face represents a pain score of 8, and indicates "hurts a whole lot"; the sixth face represents a pain score of 10, and indicates "hurts worst." Nurses, pre-school children by the assistance of caregivers, and school-age children were asked to evaluate the pain levels experienced by the children receiving intravenous injections.	O1 (before intervention); O2 (immediately after intravenous injection); O3 (1 day after intravenous injection)
Changes in children's fear from baseline to after intravenous injection	Using Children's Fear scale to measure the fear level. Score the chosen face from 0 (the left-most face) to 4 (the last face). This face [point to the left-most face] shows no anxiety at all, this faces shows a little bit more [point to second face from left], a bit more [sweep finger along scale], right up to extreme anxiety [point to the last face on the right]. Nurses, pre-school children by the assistance of caregivers, and school-age children were asked to evaluate the fear levels experienced by the children receiving intravenous injections.	O1 (before intervention); O2 (immediately after intravenous injection); O3 (1 day after intravenous injection)
Changes in children's emotion from baseline to after intravenous injection	Using Children's Emotional Management Scales to measure the emotion level. The scale includes five observed emotional behavior categories, facial expression, vocalization, activity, interaction, and level of cooperation. Each category is scored from 1-5 points, the lowest total score is 5 points, and the highest score is 25 points. The higher the score, the more negative emotional behavior. Nurses, pre-school children by the assistance of caregivers, and school-age children were asked to evaluate the emotion levels experienced by the children receiving intravenous injections.	O1 (before intervention); O2 (immediately after intravenous injection); O3 (1 day after intravenous injection)
semi-structed interviews	After intravenous injection, a semi-structured qualitative interview was conducted with selected and their parent to understand the differences in experience before and after intervention.	immediately after intravenous injection

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: National Taiwan University Hospital
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Hui-Mei Chen, OTHERS, NTUH Yunlin Branch

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 8, 2021
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): December 31, 2021
• Study Completion (Anticipated): December 31, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 30, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 11, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): July 21, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 21, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 11, 2021
• Last Verified: January 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: pain; injection; school-age children; Somatosensory interactive games
• Other Study ID Numbers: 202012054RINC

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No