12-week Pilates Program on Community-dwelling Middle-aged Women

Effects of a 12-week Pilates Program on Basal Metabolic Rate, Body Composition, Physical Activity in Middle-aged and Elder Females

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a Pilates exercise intervention program on functional physical fitness in community-dwelling middle-aged women.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Frail Elderly Syndrome; Exercise; Health Promotion; Functional Fitness
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Programed Pilates

Detailed Description

Based on quasi-experimental design with a parallel control group, Subjects were allocated into to intervention group and control group with convenience sampling method. The primary outcome included body composition, basal metabolic rate, and functional physical fitness-comprising cardiovascular capacity (3-minute step test), flexibility (sit-and-reach test), muscular strength of upper limbs (grip-strength test), muscular strength of lower limbs (30 s chair stand test), core strength (bent-knee sit-up test), agility (8-foot timed up-and-go test), static balance (single-leg stance with eyes closed test), and dynamic balance (functional reach test), assessed in both groups before and after the 12-week intervention.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 45
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Taiwan
  • Yilan, Taiwan, 26546
    • Camillians Saint Mary's Hospital Luodong

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 45 years to 64 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Female 45-64 years old in age

Exclusion Criteria:

• cognitive-function impairment
• spinal disease
• unsuitability for engaging in physical activity (e.g., because of severe cardiovascular disease)
• muscular strength affected by medication for nervous system diseases.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Pilates Intervention Group; 12-week programed Pilates intervention	Other: Programed Pilates; The 60 min Pilates sessions were held twice a week for 12 weeks. Each session included three stages: 10 min of warm-up exercises, 40 min of floor-based Pilates training, and 10 min of cool-down exercises. Each stage was adjusted according to the participants' physical capacity. Only participants with an attendance rate of > 80% were included in the final sample. The content of the exercise program was determined according to their muscular strength, flexibility, and fitness levels. The training course was divided into three levels: elementary, intermediate, and advanced. Each motion was performed in conjunction with a specific breathing pattern for effective muscle activations of each exercise.
No Intervention: Control Group; maintenance of normal lifestyle in control group

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on body-fat and muscular percentage measured by Physion-XP	The body composition is simultaneously measured by Physion-XP for outcome measures including body-fat percentage (%), and muscular percentage (%) in the upper and lower limbs. The higher muscular percentage and lower body-fat percentage would be associated with appropriate fitness. Changes of body-fat percentage, and muscular percentage in the upper and lower limbs measures will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on weight measured by height scale	The body weight (kilograms) is measured by height scale. The higher body weight would be associated with obesity and the he lower weight without diseases and medical conditoins means the better fitness. Changes of body weight measures will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on height measured by height scale	The height (meters) is measured by height scale. The higher height would be associated with body growth. Changes of height measures will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on BMI calculated by height and weight	The Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated by weight and height measures. Body Mass Index is a simple calculation using a person's height and weight. The formula is BMI = kg/m2 where kg is a person's weight in kilograms and m2 is their height in meters squared. The higher BMI would be associated with obesity. Changes of BMI measures will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on basal metabolic rate measured by MedGem Indirect Calorimeter	The handheld MedGem Indirect Calorimeter is used to measure basal metabolic rate. The higher outcomes mean the higher basal metabolic rate. Changes of basal metabolic rate will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on cardiovascular capacity	The cardiovascular capacity is evaluated by 3-minute step test. The higher index of cardiovascular capacity means the higher cardiovascular fitness. Changes of cardiovascular capacity will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on flexibility	The flexibility is evaluated by sit-and-reach test. The longer distance of test means the higher flexibility fitness. Changes of flexibility will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on muscular strength of upper limbs	The muscular strength of upper limbs is evaluated by grip-strength test. The higher strength of test means the higher strength fitness in upper limbs. Changes of muscular strength of upper limbs will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on muscular strength of lower limbs	The muscular strength of lower limbs is evaluated by 30 s chair stand test. The higher repetitions mean the higher strength fitness in lower limbs. Changes of functional physical fitness will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on core strength endurance	The core strength endurance is evaluated by 1-minute bent-knee sit-up test. The higher repetitions mean the higher core strength endurance fitness. Changes of core strength endurance will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on agility	The agility is evaluated by 8-foot timed up-and-go test. The shorter time for the task means the higher agility fitness. Changes of agility will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on static balance	The static balance is evaluated by single-leg stance with eyes closed test. The longer time for single-leg stance with eyes closed means the higher static balance fitness. Changes of static balance will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks
The effects of 12-week Pilates program on dynamic balance	The dynamic balance is evaluated by functional reach test. The longer distance reach with stability means the higher dynamic balance fitness. Changes of dynamic balance will be assessed at the 0 week, and 12 weeks.	12 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Wen Ching Huang, PhD, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 1, 2013
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 31, 2013
• Study Completion (Actual): December 31, 2013

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 29, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 18, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): April 19, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 19, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 18, 2022
• Last Verified: April 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Pilates; middle-aged women
• Other Study ID Numbers: SMHIRB-102001

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No