A Study of Nanrilkefusp Alfa (SOT101) in Combination With Cetuximab to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety in Patients With Colorectal Cancer

A Phase 2, Open-label, Single-arm, Multicenter Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of SOT101 in Combination With Cetuximab in Patients With RAS Wild-type Colorectal Cancer

The primary objective of the study is to estimate the antitumor efficacy of nanrilkefusp alfa (SOT101) in combination with cetuximab in RAS wild-type colorectal cancer.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Colorectal Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Cetuximab; Drug: Nanrilkefusp alfa

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 16
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Belgium
  • Charleroi, Belgium, 6000
    • Grand Hopital de Charleroi - Hopital Notre Dame
  • Gent, Belgium, 9000
    • Universitair Ziekenhuis Gent
• France
  • Bordeaux, France, 33076
    • Institut Bergonie
  • Suresnes, France, 92150
    • Hopital Foch
• Spain
  • Barcelona, Spain, 08036
    • Hospital Clinic de Barcelona
  • Barcelona, Spain, 08035
    • Vall d'Hebron Institut d'Oncologia (VHIO)
  • Madrid, Spain, 28034
    • Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal
  • Madrid, Spain, 28050
    • HM Universitario Sanchinarro

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

*Type of patients*

1. ≥18 years of age on the day of signing informed consent
2. Ability to understand and sign written informed consent to participate in the study
3. Provides written informed consent for the study

4. Life expectancy >6 months

   *Disease characteristics*

5. Histologically or cytologically confirmed advanced and/or metastatic colorectal cancer

6. RAS wild type as confirmed by:

   • locally performed US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved test or an experienced local laboratory using validated test methods for the detection, based on tumor biopsy or
   • locally performed ctDNA assessment including at least mutations in exon 2 (G12D, G12V, G12C, G12S, G12A, G12R, G13D) and determined by a laboratory using validated test methods
   • samples must be taken within 3 months prior to first study administration
7. Patients who are relapsed/refractory or intolerant to prior treatment with irinotecan- and oxaliplatin-containing chemotherapy
8. Have at least one measurable lesion according to RECIST 1.1
9. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score 0-2

10. Must have recovered from all AEs due to previous therapies to grade ≤1 toxicity (excluding alopecia)

    *Organ function: Have adequate organ function as defined below. Specimens must be collected within 7 days prior to the start of study treatment.*

11. Hematology:

    11.1. Absolute neutrophil count ≥1,500/µL 11.2. Platelets ≥100,000/µL 11.3. Hemoglobin ≥9.0 g/dL (criteria must be met without packed red blood cell transfusion within the prior 2 weeks; patients can be on stable dose of erythropoietin [≥3 months])

12. Renal function: Creatinine clearance rate ≥50 mL/min as calculated using Cockcroft-Gault equation
13. Hepatic function: ALT/AST ≤2.5× upper limit of normal (ULN) and total bilirubin ≤2×ULN in patients without liver metastasis (benign hereditary hyperbilirubinemias, e.g., Gilbert's syndrome, are permitted if total bilirubin <3 mg/dL). In patients with liver metastasis, ALT/AST ≤5×ULN is allowed but total bilirubin must be ≤2×ULN.

14. Prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time ≤1.5×ULN

    *Hepatitis*

15. A locally performed hepatitis B (HBV) test is required during screening. Patients who are HBV surface antigen positive are eligible if they have received HBV anti-viral therapy for at least 4 weeks and have undetectable HBV viral load before study entry (ICF signature). Patients should remain on anti-viral therapy throughout study treatment and follow local guidelines for HBV anti-viral therapy post completion of study treatments.

16. A locally performed hepatitis C (HCV) test is required during screening. Patients with history of HCV infection are eligible if HCV viral load is undetectable at screening. Patients must have completed anti-viral therapy at least 4 weeks before study entry (ICF signature).

    *Special requirements for contraception*

17. A female patient is eligible to participate if she is not pregnant, not breastfeeding, and one of the following conditions applies:

    17.1. Not a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP). A WOCBP is defined as fertile, following menarche and until becoming post-menopausal unless permanently sterile. Permanent sterilization methods include hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy, and bilateral oophorectomy. A postmenopausal state is defined as no menses for 12 months without an alternative medical cause. A high follicle stimulating hormone level in the postmenopausal range may be used to confirm a post-menopausal state in women not using hormonal contraception or hormonal replacement therapy. However, in the absence of 12 months of amenorrhea, a single follicle stimulating hormone measurement is insufficient.

    17.2. A WOCBP who agrees to use a highly effective contraceptive method during the treatment period and for at least 60 days after the last dose of cetuximab or at least 30 days after last dose of nanrilkefusp alfa, whichever is later. A WOCBP can only be included after a negative serum pregnancy test at screening within 7 days before day 1 of cycle 1.

18. Male patients must agree to use a condom during the treatment period and for at least 60 days after the last dose of cetuximab or at least 30 days after last dose of nanrilkefusp alfa, whichever is later.

Exclusion Criteria:

*Prior/concomitant therapy*

1. Prior exposure to drugs that are agonists of IL-2 or IL-15
2. Therapy with cetuximab within 3 months prior to ICF signature or patients who had progressive disease as best response to prior cetuximab-containing regimen

3. Prior systemic anti-cancer therapies, including investigational agents before study entry (ICF signature):

   3.1. Less than 3 weeks or 5 half lives (whichever shorter) for anti-cancer treatments 3.2. Less than 4 weeks from major surgeries and not recovered adequately from the procedure and/or any complications from the surgery

4. Has received more than 4 prior lines of systemic anticancer treatment
5. Has received prior radiotherapy within 2 weeks of the start of study treatments. A 1-week radiation-free period is permitted for palliative radiation (≤2 weeks of radiotherapy) to non-central nervous system disease. Patients must have recovered from all radiation-related toxicities and not require corticosteroids.

6. Has received a live or live-attenuated vaccine within 30 days prior to the first dose of study treatments

   *Prior/concurrent clinical study experience*

7. Is currently participating in or has participated in a study of an investigational agent or has used an investigational device within 3 weeks or 5 half lives (whichever longer) before study entry (ICF signature). Patients who have entered the follow-up phase of an investigational study may participate as long as it has been 3 weeks or 5 half lives (whichever longer) after the last dose of the previous investigational agent.

   *Medical conditions*

8. Patients with known BRAF mutations

9. Clinically significant cardiac abnormalities including prior history of any of the following:

   9.1. Cardiomyopathy, with left ventricular ejection fraction lower than the lower limit of the institutional normal range at screening 9.2. Congestive heart failure of New York Heart Association grade ≥2 9.3. History of clinically significant (i.e., active) atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, specifically myocardial infarction, unstable angina, cerebrovascular accident within 6 months prior to the first dose of study treatments, and any history of coronary heart disease and clinically significant peripheral and/or carotid artery disease 9.4. Prolongation of QTcF >450 msec; history or family history of congenital long QT syndrome 9.5. Uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia requiring medication

10. Uncontrolled hypertension defined as systolic blood pressure >160 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure >110 mmHg. Patients with uncontrolled hypertension should be medically managed on a stable regimen to control hypertension prior to study entry (ICF signature).
11. Has a clinical diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving chronic systemic steroid therapy (in dosing exceeding 10 mg daily of prednisone equivalent) or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days prior to the first dose of study treatments. Systemic steroid pretreatment prior to cetuximab infusion according to local guidelines is permitted.
12. History of or serology positive for HIV. A locally performed HIV test is required during screening.
13. Has a known additional malignancy that is progressing or has required active treatment within the past 5 years. Patients with basal cell carcinoma of the skin or carcinoma in situ (e.g., breast carcinoma, cervical cancer in situ) that have undergone potentially curative therapy are eligible.
14. Has known active central nervous system metastases and/or carcinomatous meningitis. Patients with previously treated brain metastases may participate provided they are radiologically stable, i.e., without evidence of progression for at least 4 weeks confirmed during screening.
15. Has an active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in the past 2 years (i.e., with use of disease-modifying agents, corticosteroids, or immunosuppressive drugs). Replacement therapy (e.g., thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency) is not considered a form of systemic treatment and is allowed.
16. Has an active infection requiring systemic therapy
17. Has a history or current evidence of any condition, therapy, or laboratory abnormality that might confound the results of the study, interfere with the patient's participation for the full duration of the study, or is not in the best interest of the patient to participate, in the opinion of the treating investigator
18. Has a known psychiatric or substance abuse disorder that would interfere with the patient's ability to cooperate with the requirements of the study
19. History of hypersensitivity to any component of cetuximab or to compounds of similar biological or chemical composition of nanrilkefusp alfa and/or the excipients contained in the study drug formulations

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Sequential Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Nanrilkefusp alfa 9 µg/kg and cetuximab; Participants were treated with 9 µg/kg of nanrilkefusp alfa in combination with cetuximab. Nanrilkefusp alfa treatment was administered on day 1 (from cycle 2 onwards, ±1 day), day 2 (±1 day), day 8 (±1 day), and day 9 (±1 day) of each 21-day cycle. Cetuximab treatment was administered on day 1 (from cycle 2 onwards, ±1 day), day 8 (±1 day), and day 15 (±1 day) of each 21-day cycle; on day 1 and day 8, cetuximab infusion started within 30 minutes after nanrilkefusp alfa administration.	Drug: Cetuximab; Intravenous (IV) infusion via peripheral or central venous line; Drug: Nanrilkefusp alfa; Subcutaneous (SC) injection
Experimental: Nanrilkefusp alfa 12 µg/kg and cetuximab; Participants were treated with 12 µg/kg of nanrilkefusp alfa in combination with cetuximab. Nanrilkefusp alfa treatment was administered on day 1 (from cycle 2 onwards, ±1 day), day 2 (±1 day), day 8 (±1 day), and day 9 (±1 day) of each 21-day cycle. Cetuximab treatment was administered on day 1 (from cycle 2 onwards, ±1 day), day 8 (±1 day), and day 15 (±1 day) of each 21-day cycle; on day 1 and day 8, cetuximab infusion started within 30 minutes after nanrilkefusp alfa administration.	Drug: Cetuximab; Intravenous (IV) infusion via peripheral or central venous line; Drug: Nanrilkefusp alfa; Subcutaneous (SC) injection

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Objective Response Rate According to Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors Version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1)	Objective response rate according to RECIST 1.1 was defined as the proportion of participants with complete response according to RECIST 1.1 or partial response according to RECIST 1.1 for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI. Participants with missing data were considered non-responders.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 2 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Objective Response Rate According to RECIST for Immune-based Therapeutics (iRECIST)	Objective response rate according to iRECIST was defined as the proportion of participants with complete response according to iRECIST or partial response according to iRECIST for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI. Participants with missing data were considered non-responders.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Best Overall Response According to RECIST 1.1: Number of Participants With Complete Response	The best overall response according to RECIST 1.1 was defined as the best response from the start of study treatment until the first documented disease progression, death, or start of new anti-cancer therapy for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Best Overall Response According to RECIST 1.1: Number of Participants With Partial Response	The best overall response according to RECIST 1.1 was defined as the best response from the start of study treatment until the first documented disease progression, death, or start of new anti-cancer therapy for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Best Overall Response According to RECIST 1.1: Number of Participants With Stable Disease	The best overall response according to RECIST 1.1 was defined as the best response from the start of study treatment until the first documented disease progression, death, or start of new anti-cancer therapy for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI. Stable disease according to RECIST 1.1 had to last at least 6 weeks from the start of study treatment. If not, at least 1 follow-up scan was required to declare stable disease.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Best Overall Response According to RECIST 1.1: Number of Participants With Progressive Disease	The best overall response according to RECIST 1.1 was defined as the best response from the start of study treatment until the first documented disease progression, death, or start of new anti-cancer therapy for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Best Overall Response According to iRECIST: Number of Participants With Complete Response	The best overall response according to iRECIST was defined as the best response from the start of study treatment until the first documented disease progression, death, or start of new anti-cancer therapy for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Best Overall Response According to iRECIST: Number of Participants With Partial Response	The best overall response according to iRECIST was defined as the best response from the start of study treatment until the first documented disease progression, death, or start of new anti-cancer therapy for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Best Overall Response According to iRECIST: Number of Participants With Stable Disease	The best overall response according to iRECIST was defined as the best response from the start of study treatment until the first documented disease progression, death, or start of new anti-cancer therapy for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI. Stable disease according to iRECIST had to last at least 6 weeks from the start of study treatment. If not, at least 1 follow-up scan was required to declare stable disease.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Best Overall Response According to iRECIST: Number of Participants With Unconfirmed Progressive Disease	The best overall response according to iRECIST was defined as the best response from the start of study treatment until the first documented disease progression, death, or start of new anti-cancer therapy for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Best Overall Response According to iRECIST: Number of Participants With Confirmed Progressive Disease	The best overall response according to iRECIST was defined as the best response from the start of study treatment until the first documented disease progression, death, or start of new anti-cancer therapy for target lesions and assessed by CT/MRI.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Duration of Response According to RECIST 1.1	Duration of response according to RECIST 1.1 was defined as time to disease progression for participants with partial response or complete response according to RECIST 1.1.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Duration of Response According to iRECIST	Duration of response according to iRECIST was defined as time to disease progression for participants with partial response or complete response according to iRECIST.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Clinical Benefit Rate According to RECIST 1.1	Clinical benefit rate according to RECIST 1.1 was defined as the number of partial responses, complete responses, and stable disease according to RECIST 1.1. Stable disease had to last at least 6 weeks from the start of study treatment. If not, at least 1 follow-up scan was required to declare stable disease. Participants with missing data were considered non-responders.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Clinical Benefit Rate According to iRECIST	Clinical benefit rate according to iRECIST was defined as the number of partial responses, complete responses, and stable disease according to iRECIST. Stable disease had to last at least 6 weeks from the start of study treatment. If not, at least 1 follow-up scan was required to declare stable disease. Participants with missing data were considered non-responders.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Progression-free Survival According to RECIST 1.1	Progression-free survival according to RECIST 1.1 was defined as the time from the first day of study treatment to the first date of radiological disease progression according to RECIST 1.1 or death.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Progression-free Survival According to iRECIST	Progression-free survival according to iRECIST was defined as the time from the first day of study treatment to the first date of radiological disease progression according to iRECIST or death.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Time to Response According to RECIST 1.1	Time to response according to RECIST 1.1 was defined as the time from the first day of study treatment to the first date of partial response or complete response according to RECIST 1.1. Participants with missing data were censored at the last assessment date, date of death, or date of eligibility (for incomplete or missing baseline tumor assessments), whichever occurred last.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Time to Response According to iRECIST	Time to response according to iRECIST was defined as the time from the first day of study treatment to the first date of partial response or complete response according to iRECIST. Participants with missing data were censored at the last assessment date, date of death, or date of eligibility (for incomplete or missing baseline tumor assessments), whichever occurred last.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Time to Progression According to RECIST 1.1	Time to progression according to RECIST 1.1 was defined as the time from the first day of study treatment to the first date of radiological disease progression according to RECIST 1.1.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Time to Progression According to iRECIST	Time to progression according to iRECIST was defined as the time from the first day of study treatment to the first date of radiological disease progression according to iRECIST.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events	A treatment-emergent adverse event is defined as an adverse event that started or worsened at or after the start of study treatment.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Number of Participants With Clinical Laboratory Test Abnormalities (Coagulation, Hematology, Clinical Chemistry and Urinalysis)	The following laboratory parameters will be assessed: Coagulation: prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, international normalized ratio, D-dimer, and fibrinogen Hematology: hemoglobin, glycated hemoglobin at screening, hematocrit, red blood cell count, reticulocytes, white blood cell count (with full differentiation), absolute lymphocyte count, and platelet count Clinical chemistry: Na, K, Cl, phosphate, Mg, Ca, albumin, total protein, ALT, AST, bilirubin (direct, total), alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine clearance calculated by the Cockcroft-Gault formula, creatinine, glucose (preferably fasting), urea or blood urea nitrogen, cholesterol, triglyceride, C-reactive protein, uric acid, amylase, and lipase Urinalysis: pH, glucose, protein, bilirubin, urobilinogen. Microscopic examination (mandated only if clinically indicated): red blood cell count, white blood cell count, epithelial cells, bacteria	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Number of Participants With Vital Signs Abnormalities	The following vital signs parameters will be assessed: Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic, after ≥5 minutes of rest), body temperature, and heart rate	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Number of Participants With Electrocardiography Abnormalities	Standard 12-lead electrocardiography was evaluated locally.	Day 1 up to approximately 1 year 5 months
Number of Participants With Dose-limiting Toxicities (DLTs)	The following adverse events as per NCI CTCAE version 5.0 were considered dose-limiting toxicities: All grade 5 events not clearly related to disease progression or any other causes; Any grade 3 or higher non-hematologic toxicity regardless of duration; exceptions:Grade 3 nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea that could be controlled within 72 hoursGrade 3 fatigue lasting less than 5 daysGrade 3 or higher correctable electrolyte abnormalities lasting less than 72 hours and not associated with clinical complicationsGrade 3 or higher serum amylase or lipase not associated with clinical manifestations of pancreatitisGrade 3 AST or ALT increase or grade 3 blood bilirubin increase lasting 5 days or less; Hy's law cases; Hematologic DLTs:Grade 4 decreased neutrophil count or decreased platelet count lasting more than 7 daysFebrile neutropeniaGrade 3 or higher decreased platelet count with bleeding	Through Cycle 1 (21 days)
Characterization of Area Under the Curve of Nanrilkefusp Alfa	At 9 µg/kg nanrilkefusp alfa on Day 1 of Cycle 1	Day 1 of Cycle 1
Characterization of Maximum Concentration of Nanrilkefusp Alfa on Day 1 of Cycle 1	At 9 µg/kg nanrilkefusp alfa	Day 1 of Cycle 1
Characterization of Time to Maximum Concentration of Nanrilkefusp Alfa on Day 1 of Cycle 1	At 9 µg/kg nanrilkefusp alfa	Day 1 of Cycle 1
Characterization of Pre-dose Concentration of Nanrilkefusp Alfa on Day 1 of Cycle 1	At 9 µg/kg nanrilkefusp alfa	Day 1 of Cycle 1
Incidence of Treatment-induced Anti-drug Antibodies Against Nanrilkefusp Alfa	At 9 µg/kg and 12 µg/kg nanrilkefusp alfa	Day 1 until 30 (±2) days after the last dose of nanrilkefusp alfa, up to approximately 1 year 5 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: SOTIO Biotech AG

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): December 22, 2022
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 6, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): June 5, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 1, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 8, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): November 16, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 24, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 23, 2025
• Last Verified: July 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Colorectal cancer; Cetuximab; SOT101; SO-C101; AURELIO-05; Nanrilkefusp alfa
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Site; Neoplasms; Intestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Digestive System Neoplasms; Digestive System Diseases; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Intestinal Neoplasms; Rectal Diseases; Colonic Diseases; Colorectal Neoplasms; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Antineoplastic Agents; Cetuximab
• Other Study ID Numbers: SC105; 2022-001527-32 (EudraCT Number); AURELIO-05 (Other Identifier: SOTIO Biotech AG)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No