Stress Ball and Video Distraction During Pediatric Enema (SAVE)

July 11, 2026 updated by: Manisa Celal Bayar University

Effects of Stress Ball Use and Video Distraction During Enema Administration on Fear, Anxiety, and Pain in Children in the Pediatric Emergency Department

This randomized controlled trial aims to evaluate the effects of stress ball use and video distraction during enema administration on fear, anxiety, and pain levels in children treated in the pediatric emergency department. Children aged 6-12 years will be randomly assigned to either the stress ball group or the video distraction group. Fear, anxiety, and pain will be assessed using validated measurement tools before, during, and after the procedure. The findings are expected to provide evidence for effective non-pharmacological interventions to improve children's comfort during enema administration.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

This randomized controlled trial aims to determine the effects of stress ball use and video distraction during enema administration on fear, anxiety, and pain levels in children aged 6-12 years treated in the pediatric emergency department. A total of 72 children will be randomly assigned to either the stress ball group or the video distraction group using block randomization. Fear, anxiety, and pain will be assessed using the Child Fear Scale (CFS), the Children's Anxiety Scale-State (CAS-S), and the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. The findings of this study are expected to provide evidence for effective non-pharmacological interventions to improve children's comfort during enema administration. The study will be conducted at the Pediatric Emergency Department of Manisa Merkez Efendi State Hospital.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

72

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
      • Manisa, Turkey (Türkiye), 45140
        • Manisa Merkez Efendi State Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Children aged 6-12 years Admitted to the pediatric emergency department Scheduled for enema administration due to functional constipation or abdominal distension Able to communicate in Turkish No cognitive or neurological impairment No diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder No analgesic medication use within the previous 6 hours Written informed consent provided by the parent or legal guardian and assent provided by the child

Exclusion Criteria:

Acute abdominal conditions requiring emergency surgery Diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease or inflammatory bowel disease Severe visual or hearing impairment that prevents participation Refusal of the child or parent to participate Inability to complete the study procedures

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Stress Ball Group
Participants will use a stress ball during enema administration.
Behavioral: Stress Ball
Participants will hold and squeeze an individual stress ball throughout the enema administration as a distraction technique.
Experimental: Video Distraction Group
Participants will watch an aquarium video with music during enema administration
Behavioral: Video Distraction
Participants will watch a 3-minute aquarium video accompanied by Mozart music during enema administration to provide audiovisual distraction.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Fear Level
Time Frame: Before and immediately after enema administration.
Fear level measured using the Child Fear Scale (CFS). Fear will be assessed using the Child Fear Scale (CFS). The scale ranges from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating greater fear and a worse outcome.
Before and immediately after enema administration.
Anxiety Level
Time Frame: Before and immediately after enema administration.
Anxiety level measured using the Children's Anxiety Scale-State (CAS-S). Anxiety will be assessed using the Children's Anxiety Scale-State (CAS-S). The scale ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater anxiety and a worse outcome.
Before and immediately after enema administration.
Pain Level
Time Frame: Immediately after enema administration
Pain level measured using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. Pain will be assessed using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale. The scale ranges from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater pain intensity and a worse outcome.
Immediately after enema administration

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Manisa Celal Bayar University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

February 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Actual)

April 1, 2026

Study Completion (Actual)

April 30, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 6, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 6, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

July 10, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

July 14, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 11, 2026

Last Verified

July 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • MCBU-PED-ENEMA-2026-001
  • 20.478.486/3669 (Registry Identifier: Health Sciences Ethics Board)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared due to privacy and confidentiality considerations.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Subscribe